1、KSWITHYOURBESTJUDGEMENTONTHEANSWERSHEET,15POINTS,1POINTSEACH)16.TheUnitedStatesislessdependentontradethanmostothercountriesbecausetheUnitedStatesisarelativelylargecountry.17.IfaverysmallcountrytradeswithaverylargecountryaccordingtotheRicardianmodel,thenthelargecountrywillenjoygainsfromtrade.18.Ricar
2、dosoriginaltheoryofcomparativeadvantageseemedoflimitedreal-worldvaluebecauseitwasfoundedonthelabortheoryofvalue.19.InaneconomydescribedbytheSpecificFactorsModel,theproductionpossibilityfrontierwillbeconcavetotheorigin.20.IfadditionallandweretobebroughtintocultivationintheSpecificFactormodel,theoutpu
3、tofmanufactureswouldfallbecau搜索引擎优化flowermarginalproductivityoflaborinfoodproduction.21.Inthe2-factor,2goodHeckscher-Ohlinmodel,achangefromautarky(notrade)totradewillbenefittheownersoftherelativelyscarcefactorofproduction.22.TheLeontieffParadoxreferstothefindingthatUS.Exportsweremorecapitalintensive
4、thanitsexports.23.Intra-industrytradeismostcommoninthetradepatternsofdevelopingcountriesofAsiaandAfrica.24.Thedeadweightlossofatariffisasociallossbecauseitpromotesinefficientuseofnationalresources.25.TheEastAsianMiracleisthefactthatpoordualisticeconomiesmanagedtoescapetheviciouscircleofpoverty.26.Th
5、einfantindustryargumentisthatdevelopingcountrieshaveapotentialcomparativeadvantageinmanufacturing.27.Therealincomeofdomesticproducersandconsumersmaybeincreasedbybothtechnologicalprogressandinternationaltrade.28.Acountryengagingintradeaccordingtotheprinciplesofcomparativeadvantagegainsfromtradebecaus
6、eitisproducingexportsindirectlymoreefficientlythanitcouldalternatively.29.TheRicardianmodelisbasedonallofthefollowingexceptproductqualityvariesamongnations.30.fortheHeckscher-Ohlinmodel,Gainsforthetrade-relatedwinnerswilltendtobelargerthanlossesoflosers.PartIIIDEFINETHEFOLLOWINGCONCEPTS(20POINTS,4PO
7、NITSEACH)31.offercurve32.RybczynskiTheorem33.Increasingreturnstoscale34.ImmiserizingGrowth35.TradeCreation3-PartIVSHORTANSWERS(24POINTS,8POINTSEACH)36.GraphicallydepictandexplaintheHeckscher-OhlinTheorembriefly.37.Brieflyexplaindumpinganditsmaintypes.38.Brieflydemonstrateseveraltheoriesregardingwhic
8、hgroupsandindustriesgetprotected.4广东商学院试题参考答案及评分标准2005-2006学年第二学期课程名称：国际贸易(A卷)课程代码：060023课程担负人：何昌周-KEYSTOInternationalTrade(PAPERA)PartIMULTIPLECHOICESFillINTHEBLANKSONTHEANSWERSHEETWITHYOUREACHBESTCHOICES，30POINTS，2POINTSEACHADBADDCCDCBDBBBPartIITRUET/FALSEF(MARK“TOR“FINTHEBLANKSWITHYOURBESTJUDGEME
9、NTONTHEANSWERSHEET,15POINTS,1POINTSEACH)TFTTFFFFTTTTTFTTPartIIIDEFINETHEFOLLOWINGCONCEPTS(20POINTS,4PONITSEACH)31.offercurveTheoffercurveofanationshowshowmuchofitsimportcommoditythenationdemandsforittobewillingtoexportthevariousamountofitsexportcommodity.32.RybczynskiTheoremAttheconstantcommoditypri
10、ces,anincreaseintheendowmentofonefactorwillincreasebyagreaterproportiontheoutputofthecommodityintensiveinthatfactorandwillreducetheoutputoftheothercommodity33.IncreasingreturnstoscaleIncreasingreturnstoscalereferstotheproductionsituationwhereoutputgrowsproportionatelymorethantheincreaseininputsorfac
11、torsofproduction.34.ImmiserizingGrowthEvenifthewealtheffect,byitself,tendstoincreasethenationswelfare,thetermsoftrademaydeterioratesomuchastoleadtoanetdeclineinthenationswelfare.35.TradeCreationTradeCreationoccurswhensomedomesticproductioninanationthatisamemberofthecustomsunionisreplacedbylower-costimportsfromanothermembernation.PartIVSHORTANSWERS(24POINTS,8POINTSEACH)36.GraphicallydepictandexplaintheHeckscher-OhlinTheorembriefly.Anationwillexportthecommoditywhoseproductionrequirestheintensiveu搜索引擎优化fthenationsrelativelyabundantandcheapfact
