1、目录模块一课后习题第一部分英国、爱尔兰、澳大利亚第1章英国简介（1）第2章英国简介（2）第3章英国政府第4章政治、阶级和社会第5章英国经济第6章英国文学第7章英国教育体系第8章英国的外交关系第9章英国媒体第10章英国的体育运动、节假日第11章爱尔兰地理、人文和历史第12章爱尔兰政治和经济第13章爱尔兰的文化：爱尔兰人的生活现状第14章爱尔兰的文化：语言，文学和艺术第15章澳大利亚的地理特征、怀有“梦创信仰”的民族第16章澳大利亚的文化生活第17章工作和家庭生活第18章澳大利亚是一个自由民主的社会第19章澳大利亚的今天第20章从种族主义到多元文化主义第二部分新西兰、美国、加拿大第1章国土、人民与
2、历史第2章政治制度、教育与经济第3章美国的起始第4章美国的政治制度第5章美国经济第6章美国的宗教第7章美国文学第8章美国的教育第9章20世纪60年代的社会运动第10章美国的社会问题第11章美国人的生活方式：寻找一个可靠的概括第12章美国的妇女解放运动第13章美国的科技第14章二战后美国外交政策第15章美国的体育运动与风景名胜第16章美国的流行文化：电影和音乐第17章国家与人民第18章加拿大政府与政治第19章加拿大“文化镶嵌画”第20章加拿大经济第21章加拿大文学第22章加拿大的国际关系模块二章节题库（含名校考研真题）第一部分英国、爱尔兰、澳大利亚第1章英国简介（1）第2章英国简介（2）第3章英
3、国政府第4章政治、阶级和社会第5章英国经济第6章英国文学第7章英国教育体系第8章英国的外交关系第9章英国媒体第10章英国的体育运动、节假日第11章爱尔兰地理、人文和历史第12章爱尔兰政治和经济第13章爱尔兰的文化：爱尔兰人的生活现状第14章爱尔兰的文化：语言，文学和艺术第15章澳大利亚的地理特征、怀有“梦创信仰”的民族第16章澳大利亚的文化生活第17章工作和家庭生活第18章澳大利亚是一个自由民主的社会第19章澳大利亚的今天第20章从种族主义到多元文化主义第二部分新西兰、美国、加拿大第1章国土、人民与历史第2章政治制度、教育与经济第3章美国的起始第4章美国的政治制度第5章美国经济第6章美国的宗教
4、第7章美国文学第8章美国的教育第9章20世纪60年代的社会运动第10章美国的社会问题第11章美国人的生活方式：寻找一个可靠的概括第12章美国的妇女解放运动第13章美国的科技第14章二战后美国外交政策第15章美国的体育运动与风景名胜第16章美国的流行文化：电影和音乐第17章国家与人民第18章加拿大政府与政治第19章加拿大“文化镶嵌画”第20章加拿大经济第21章加拿大文学第22章加拿大的国际关系模块三模拟试题朱永涛英语国家社会与文化入门（第3版）考研模拟试题及详解（一）朱永涛英语国家社会与文化入门（第3版）考研模拟试题及详解（二）模块一课后习题第一部分英国、爱尔兰、澳大利亚第1章英国简介（1）.
5、Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F):1. Britain is no longer an imperial country. _T【答案】现在的英国已经成为资本主义国家，不再是帝国主义国家。【解析】2. The Commonwealth of Nations includes all European countries._F【答案】英联邦的成员国遍布世界各大洲，但并非所有欧洲国家都是英联邦成员。【解析】3. 1 in 10 of the British population are of non-
6、European ethnicity. _F【答案】由于二十世纪五、六十年代鼓励英联邦国家向英国移民，现在英国人口的二十分之一是非欧洲血统。【解析】4. The stereotype of the English gentleman never applied the majority ofthe British people. _T【答案】事实证明，大多数对于英国绅士的刻板印象都不适用于英国人民。【解析】5. When people outside the UK talk about England, they mistake it asBritain sometimes. _T【答案】英国
7、人以外的民众在说英格兰的时候，会误认为是在讨论英国，但它们实际上并不能等同。【解析】6. The Scots and Welsh have a strong sense of being British. _F【答案】苏格兰和威尔士人民仍然怀有强烈的民族意识，对作为一个英国人的身份认识并不强烈。【解析】7. Scotland was never conquered by the Romans. _T【答案】根据苏格兰的历史，他们没有被罗马人侵略过。【解析】8. Most people in Scotland speak the old Celtic language, called“Gaeli
8、c”. _F【答案】部分苏格兰人民说凯尔特语，但大部分苏格兰人以说英语为主。【解析】9. Scotland was unified with England through peaceful means. _T【答案】1603年，苏格兰国王詹姆斯六世成为英格兰国王，即詹姆斯一世，两国达成形式上的统一，但苏格兰仍保有政治独立。两国没有交战而达到了统一。【解析】10. Wales is rich in coal deposits. _T【答案】威尔士富含煤矿资源。【解析】11. Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is a large city. _F【答案】卡迪夫是威尔
9、士的首府，虽然它是威尔士最大的城市，但总体上来说，它是一座小城市。【解析】12. The title of Prince of Wales is held by a Welsh according totradition. _F【答案】根据传统，威尔士王子的称号是英国皇室的长子的称号，并不一定由威尔士人获得。【解析】. Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers thequestion:1. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic ofL
10、ondon?A. The cultural centre.B. The business centre.C. The financial centre.D. The sports centre.D【答案】伦敦是英国的文化和商业中心，也是世界金融中心。【解析】2. Which of the following is NOT true about the characteristics ofBritain?A. Economic differences between north and south.B. Differences of social systems between Scotland
11、 and Wales.C. Class differences between a white-collar worker and a blue-collarworker.D. Cultural differences between immigrants and the British.B【答案】更多各类考试资料 v：344647 公众号：顺通考试资料 根据英美文化知识，英国具有南北之间的地区差异、白领雇员和蓝领工人之间的阶级差异以及移民与本土居民之间的文化差异。但苏格兰和威尔士之间并没有社会体制的差异。因此B项错误。【解析】3. Which of the following is NOT
12、true about Britain?A. It used to be a powerful imperial country in the world.B. It plays an active role as a member of the European Union.C. It is a relatively wealthy and developed country.D. It used to be one of the superpowers in the world.D【答案】直到现在，英国仍然是世界上最强大的国家之一。因此D项错误，当选。【解析】4. Three of the
13、following are characteristics of London. Which of thefour is the EXCEPTION?A. London is a political, economic and cultural centre of the country.B. London has a larger population than all other cities in England.C. London is not only the largest city in Britain, but also the largest inthe world.D. L
14、ondon has played a significant role in the economic construction ofthe country.C【答案】伦敦是英国最大的城市，也是世界上最大的城市之一，并非是最大的城市。【解析】5. The Tower of London, a historical site, located in the centre ofLondon, was built by _.A. King ArthurB. Robin HoodC. Oliver CromwellD. William the ConquerorD【答案】1066年，诺曼底公爵征服者威
15、廉在哈斯汀打败英王哈罗德，并修建伦敦塔。【解析】6. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?A. The Anglo-Saxons.B. The Normans.C. The Vikings.D. The Romans.A【答案】盎格鲁-撒克逊人是日耳曼民族的分支，于五世纪中期由北欧入侵大不列颠，成为现今英格兰人的祖先。【解析】7. Which is the largest city in Scotland?A. Cardiff.B. Edinburgh.C. Glasgow.D. Mancheste
16、r.C【答案】格拉斯哥位于苏格兰低地的西部，是苏格兰最大的城市。【解析】8. Why did the Scottish Kings decide to form an independent singularScottish state in the 9th century?A. They needed a unified independent nation to fight against Vikingraids.B. They felt it necessary to develop their own industry.C. They were threatened by the An
17、glo-Saxons invasion.D. They had to do it in order to resist the English.A【答案】公元九世纪，苏格兰为了抵御维京人的侵略，各地区联合起来建立了独立王国。【解析】9. Where do the majority of people in Scotland live?A. In the Highlands.B. In the Lowlands.C. In the Uplands.D. In the west of Scotland.B【答案】苏格兰近四分之三的人口居住在低地地区。【解析】10. Which of the fol
18、lowing statements is NOT true?A. Wales was invaded by the Romans.B. Wales was occupied by the Anglo-Saxons.C. Wales was conquered by the Normans.D. Wales was threatened by the English.B【答案】威尔士的凯尔特人在罗马帝国时期曾被罗马人统治，但并未被盎格鲁-撒克逊人征服过。【解析】11. Which of the following parties in Scotland still wants anindepen
19、dent Scotland?A. The Labour Party.B. The Liberal Party.C. The Scottish Nationalist Party.D. The Conservative Party.C【答案】苏格兰的国家主义党一直致力于苏格兰的独立事业。【解析】12. When did Scotland join the Union by agreement of the English andScottish parliaments?A. In 1715.B. In 1688.C. In 1745.D. In 1707.D【答案】1707年，英格兰和苏格兰议会
20、合并。【解析】13. Llywelyn ap Gruffudd is not a simple historical figure for the Welsh.He is almost considered the legendary hero of Welsh nationalism becauseA. he became the first Prince of Wales in 1267.B. he brought the English under his control.C. he led a historic uprising against the English.D. he un
21、ified Wales as an independent nation.D【答案】1267年，卢埃林阿普格鲁菲德通过军事行动迫使英国皇室封其为威尔士王子，并承认威尔士独立，使得威尔士成为独立国家。【解析】. Fill in the blanks:1. The full name of the United Kingdom is the _ and _.United Kingdom of Great Britain；Northern Ireland【答案】英国的全称是大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。【解析】2. The island of Great Britain is made up of E
22、ngland, _ and _.Scotland；Wales【答案】大不列颠岛由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士三部分组成。【解析】3. The United Kingdom has been a member of the _ since 1973.European Union【答案】英国在1973年加入了欧盟。【解析】4. Britain is now a _ society which produces a population of which1 in 20 are of _ ethnicity.multiracial；non-European【答案】英国是一个多种族的社会，大概二十分之一的人口
23、是非欧洲血统。【解析】5. London plays a significant role in Britains economic and cultural life.Its not only the financial _ of the nation, but also one of the majorinternational financial centres in the world.centre【答案】伦敦对于英国的经济和文化生活有着举足轻重的作用。它不仅是英国的金融中心，也是世界的金融中心之一。【解析】6. Britain is a country with a history
24、of invasions. In 43 AD Britain wasinvaded by _ in the late 8th century they experienced raids fromScandinavia and in the 11th century they suffered invasions from _.the Roman Empire；Normans【答案】英国的历史是侵略的历史。公元前43年，英国被罗马帝国侵略。8世纪后半叶他们遭遇了斯堪的纳维亚的侵略者。11世纪，诺曼人入侵英国。【解析】7. The Anglo-Saxons began to settle in
25、Britain in the _ century.fifth【答案】公元五世纪，盎格鲁-撒克逊人入侵英国，开始在英国定居，被称为英格兰人的祖先。【解析】8. The capital of Britain is _, which has great influence on the UKin all fields including government, finance, and _.London；culture【答案】英国的首都是伦敦，它在各方面都有着很大影响，是英国的政治、金融和文化中心。【解析】9. Charles the First, king of Britain, was exec
26、uted, because he attemptedto overthrow _ in the English Revolution.parliament【答案】根据英国文化可知，英国国王查理一世被处死是因为他想要在英国革命中推翻议会。【解析】10. Name two Scottish cities which have ancient and internationallyrespected universities: _ and _.Edinburgh；Glasgow【答案】根据英国文化可知，在苏格兰地区，拥有在古代和国际上享有盛誉的大学的城市有爱丁堡和格拉斯哥。【解析】11. The b
27、attle of Bannockburn led by Robert the Bruce succeeded inwinning the full independence of _.Scotland【答案】罗伯特布鲁斯领导的班诺克本之战使苏格兰赢得了独立。【解析】12. Both the Scottish and Welsh people elect their members ofparliaments to the London Parliament and each holds _ and _ seatsrespectively.72；38【答案】苏格兰人民和威尔士人民选举议员代表他们
28、到伦敦议会中去，苏格兰有72个席位，威尔士有38个席位。【解析】13. The capital of Scotland is _, which is well-known for its natural_.Edinburgh；beauty【答案】苏格兰的首府是爱丁堡，因其美丽的自然景观闻名。【解析】14. Although Wales is the smallest of the three nations on the mainland,its good at getting _ from abroad, particularly Japan and _.investment；the Uni
29、ted States【答案】尽管威尔士是大不列颠岛上最小的部分，它却善于吸引外资，特别是日本和美国的投资。【解析】. Tell what you know about the following in your own words:1. LondonLondon is the largest city located in the south of the country. Itis dominant in Britain in all sorts of ways. It is the cultural and businesscentre and the headquarters of th
30、e vast majority of Britains big companies. Itis not only the financial centre of the nation, but also one of the three majorinternational financial centres in the world.【答案】2. Robin HoodRobin Hood was a Saxon nobleman. As he could no longer putup with oppressions from the Normans, he became an outla
31、w and hid himselfwith his band of “merry men” in the forest. From this secret place, he wentout to rob from the rich to give the poor.【答案】3. The Anglo-SaxonsThey were two groups of Germanic peoples who settled downin England from the 5th century. They were regarded as the ancestors of theEnglish and
32、 the founders of England.【答案】4. King ArthurIt is said that he was the King of England in the 5th century andunited the British and drove the Saxons back with his magical sword,Excalibur. His real existence is in doubt. He is the central figure of manylegends.【答案】5. King HaroldHe was the Saxon King w
33、hose army was defeated in the Battleof Hastings in 1066, when William the Conqueror invaded England fromFrance.【答案】第2章英国简介（2）. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F):1. Ireland is part of Great Britain. _F【答案】爱尔兰是一个独立国家，位于爱尔兰岛北部的北爱尔兰才是英国的一部分。【解析】2. “Ulster”, referring to N
34、orthern Ireland, was once an ancient IrishKingdom. _T【答案】阿尔斯特指的是北爱尔兰，它曾经是一个古爱尔兰王国的名称。【解析】3. The capital of Belfast is a large city with half a million people. _F【答案】贝尔法斯特是北爱尔兰的首府，拥有人口二十余万。【解析】4. Northern Ireland is significant because of its manufacturing industry._F【答案】北爱尔兰重要不仅仅是因为它的工业发达，还因为它在历【解析】
35、史上与英国政府的不断冲突，更多是政治意义上的重要性。5. The majority of Irish people were descendants of the original Celticpeople who inhabited British Isles before the Romans arrived 2000 years ago._T【答案】大部分爱尔兰人民是凯尔特人的后代，他们远在罗马人入侵英国的两千年前就在英国居住。【解析】6. Most British people are Protestants while most Irish people areCatholics.
36、_T【答案】大部分英国人是新教徒，大部分爱尔兰人是天主教徒。【解析】7. The British government does not have direct rule from London overNorthern Ireland. _F【答案】1973年英国政府和爱尔兰政府达成一致，推出奉行权利分享机制的北爱尔兰议会，给天主教徒政治上的发言权。这一机制遭到新教徒的强烈反对，他们组织大型罢工，导致该计划破产。最终权利分享机制被迫叫停，北爱尔兰由伦敦政府直接领导。【解析】8. Sinn Fein is a legal political party in Northern Ireland.
37、 _T【答案】新芬党是北爱尔兰一个合法政党。【解析】9. The Anglo-Irish Agreement of 1985 guaranteed the loyalist Protestantcommunity their right to decide their future in Northern Ireland. _T【答案】1985年，爱英条约保证清教徒群体对北爱尔兰事务的决定权。【解析】10. The Good Friday Agreement was approved on 10 April 1998. _T【答案】北爱和平协议在1998年4月10日通过。【解析】11. Nor
38、thern Ireland today is governed by separate jurisdictions: that ofRepublic of Ireland and that of Great Britain. _F【答案】如今北爱尔兰由爱尔兰政府、英国政府和北爱尔兰执行委员会三方共同参与管理，而不是两方。【解析】. Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers thequestion:1. In the 17th century, the English government encouraged
39、people fromScotland and Northern England to emigrate to the north of Ireland, because_.A. they wanted to increase its control over IrelandB. they had too many people and didnt have enough space for them tolive in BritainC. they intended to expand their investmentD. they believed that Ireland was the
40、 best place for themA【答案】十七世纪，英格兰政府鼓励苏格兰和英格兰北部的人民迁入北爱尔兰居住，因为政府想要加强对北爱尔兰的控制。【解析】2. In 1969, the first British soldiers were seen on Northern Ireland street.They came first _.A. to maintain traffic order in Northern IrelandB. to protect CatholicsC. to protect ProtestantsD. to replace the Royal Ulster
41、Constabulary since they were unable tokeep social orderB【答案】1969年，英军开始驻扎在北爱尔兰地区，最初他们是为了保护天主教徒免受新教徒的攻击。【解析】3. Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for _.A. its most famous landmark, the “Giants Causeway”B. its rich cultural lifeC. its low living s
42、tandardsD. its endless political problemsD【答案】北爱尔兰有许多特征，包括被列为世界著名景点的巨人堤、还有他们丰富的文化生活，或者是人均财富为英国最低水平的现实。但使得它在世界上闻名的却是它源源不断的政治问题和纠纷。【解析】4. Faced with conflicting demands the British government chose acompromise and organized a partition of Ireland in 1921, because _.A. the British government wouldnt be
43、 able to control Ireland any longerby forceB. the British government intended to satisfy both sidesCatholics andProtestantsC. Catholics in Ireland demanded a partition of IrelandD. Protestants welcomed the idea of partitionB【答案】1921年英国政府与爱尔兰签订爱英条约，爱尔兰南北26郡成立爱尔兰自由邦，北部6郡归英国统治，自此，英国对爱尔兰南部700年的统治告终。此举是为
44、了让国内的天主教徒和清教徒都满意。【解析】5. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Sinn Fein is a legal political party in Northern Ireland.B. Those who want to unite Northern Ireland with Britain are calledUnionists.C. The Social Democratic and Labour Party is a very important politicalparty in Britain.D. Th
45、ose who show their loyalty to the British Crown are calledLoyalists.C【答案】新芬党是北爱尔兰的合法政党。在北爱尔兰，新移居到北爱尔兰的人是“清教徒”，他们认为自己是英国人，所以希望北爱尔兰作为英国的一部分。这些人被称为“联合派（Unionists）”。爱尔兰的原始居民为天主教徒，他们大多憎恨北部同南部的分裂，主张同爱尔兰合并。他们被称为“民族派（Loyalists）”。社会民主工党是北爱尔兰的重要政治党派。【解析】6. In the early 1970s, the IRA _.A. killed many Protesta
46、nts and CatholicsB. burned down the houses of CatholicsC. murdered individuals at randomD. carried out a series of bombing and shooting and attacked the securityforces as their main targetD【答案】爱尔兰共和军（IRA）在1919年由新芬党组建，1969年分裂为两部分，分别是主张通过政治手段解决解决爱尔兰问题，参加议员选举的“正统派”和主张武力是将英国驱逐出爱尔兰的唯一手段的“临时派”。在接下来的三十年间，临
47、时派继续进行武力斗争。在七十年代早期，IRA发动了多次炸弹袭击和枪战，持续攻击政府的武装力量。【解析】7. 1972 was the worst year of the political troubles in Northern Ireland,because _.A. 13 Catholics were shot dead by the policeB. 468 people were killed in Northern IrelandC. the government carried out a policy known as “internment”D. bloody killing
48、 of 468 people fortified Catholic opposition to theBritish presence in Northern IrelandB【答案】1972年是北爱尔兰政治冲突最激烈的一年，在这一年里，468位民众因此而丧生。A项所指的是被称为“血腥星期日”的1972年1月30日，这一天英国空降部队打死了13名为争取民权举行示威游行的天主教徒。【解析】8. Why did the British government decide to replace the power-sharingpolicy with “direct-rule” from Londo
49、n?A. The power-sharing policy was not accepted by the majority ofProtestants.B. The Northern Irish Parliament could not govern the powereffectively.C. The Power-Sharing policy couldnt be carried out.D. All the above.D【答案】1973年英国政府和爱尔兰政府达成一致，推出奉行权利分享机制的北爱尔兰议会，给天主教徒政治上的发言权。这一机制遭到新教徒的强烈反对，他们组织大型罢工，导致该计
50、划破产。权利分享机制被迫叫停，北爱尔兰由伦敦政府直接领导。【解析】9. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. In 1981, some convicted IRA prisoners went on a hunger-strike.B. They demanded for the status of being “political prisoners” bystarving themselves.C. Margaret Thatchers government gave in to their political demand.D
