1、国务院新闻办公室6日发表中国的和平发展白皮书。全文如下：中国的和平发展国务院新闻办公室2011年9月目录一、中国和平发展道路的开辟二、中国和平发展的总体目标三、中国和平发展的对外方针政策四、中国和平发展是历史的必然选择五、中国和平发展的世界意义Chinas Peaceful DevelopmentInformation Office of the State CouncilThe Peoples Republic of ChinaSeptember 2011, BeijingContentsI.The Path of Chinas Peaceful Development: What It I
2、s AboutII.What China Aims to Achieve by Pursuing Peaceful DevelopmentIII.Chinas Foreign Policies for Pursuing Peaceful DevelopmentIV.Chinas Path of Peaceful Development Is a Choice Necessitated by HistoryV.What Chinas Peaceful Development Means to the Rest of the World在世界的东方，中国这个拥有13亿多人口的文明古国，正在现代化道
3、路上阔步前行。世界对中国的关注集中起来就是，中国选择了一条什么样的发展道路，中国的发展对世界意味着什么？Situated in the East, China, a country with an ancient civilization and a population of over 1.3 billion, is making big strides in its advance toward modernization. What path of development has China chosen? What will Chinas development bring to th
4、e rest of the world? These issues are the focus of the whole world.中国多次向世界宣示，中国始终不渝走和平发展道路，在坚持自己和平发展的同时，致力于维护世界和平，积极促进各国共同发展繁荣。在进入21世纪第二个十年和中国共产党成立90周年之际，中国再次向世界郑重宣告，和平发展是中国实现现代化和富民强国、为世界文明进步作出更大贡献的战略抉择。中国将坚定不移沿着和平发展道路走下去。China has declared to the rest of the world on many occasions that it takes a
5、path of peaceful development and is committed to upholding world peace and promoting common development and prosperity for all countries. At the beginning of the second decade of the 21st century and on the occasion of the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC), China
6、 declared solemnly again to the world that peaceful development is a strategic choice made by China to realize modernization, make itself strong and prosperous, and make more contribution to the progress of human civilization. China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development.一、中国和平发展道
7、路的开辟在5000多年文明发展历程中，中国各族人民以自己的勤劳智慧，创造了璀璨的中华文明，缔造了统一的多民族国家。中华文明具有独特的延续性、包容性、开放性。在长期对外交往中，中华民族努力学习借鉴其他民族的长处，自强不息，为人类文明进步作出了重大贡献。I. The Path of Chinas Peaceful Develop-ment: What It Is AboutOver the past 5,000 years, people of all ethnic groups in China, with diligence and wisdom, have created a splendi
8、d civilization and built a unified multi-ethnic country. The Chinese civilization has a unique feature of being enduring, inclusive and open. The Chinese nation has endeavored to learn from other nations and improved itself through centuries of interactions with the rest of the world, making major c
9、ontribution to the progress of human civilization.19世纪中叶，西方列强用炮舰打开中国封闭的门户，内忧外患导致中国逐步成为半殖民地半封建社会，国家积贫积弱、战乱不已，民不聊生。在民族存亡的危急关头，无数仁人志士前仆后继，苦苦追寻变革救亡之路。In the mid-19th century, Western powers forced open Chinas door with gunboats. Internal turmoil and foreign aggression gradually turned China into a semi-
10、colonial and semi-feudal society. The country became poor and weak, and the people suffered from wars and chaos. Facing imminent danger of national subjugation, one generation of patriots after another fought hard to find a way to reform and save the nation.1911年的辛亥革命，结束了统治中国几千年的君主专制制度，激励中国人民为争取民族独立
11、和国家富强而斗争。然而，这些探索和斗争都未能改变中国半殖民地半封建的社会性质和中国人民的悲惨命运。中国共产党肩负民族的期望，带领中国人民进行了艰苦卓绝的奋斗，于1949年建立了中华人民共和国，实现了民族独立、人民解放，开创了中国历史新纪元。The Revolution of 1911 put an end to the system of monarchy which had ruled China for several thousand years, and inspired the Chinese people to struggle for independence and prosp
12、erity. However, such efforts and struggle failed to change the nature of China as a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, or lift the Chinese people out of misery. Living up to the peoples expectation, the CPC led them in carrying out arduous struggle, and finally founded the Peoples Republic of Ch
13、ina in 1949. This marked the realization of Chinas independence and liberation of its people and ushered in a new epoch in Chinas history.新中国成立60多年特别是改革开放30多年来，中国一直致力于探索符合本国国情和时代要求的社会主义现代化道路。虽然历经曲折，中国人民却孜孜以求、与时俱进，不断总结汲取本国及其他国家发展的经验教训，不断深化对人类社会发展规律的认识，不断推动社会主义制度自我完善和发展。通过艰苦努力，中国找到了一条符合自身国情的发展道路，这就是中国
14、特色社会主义道路。In the past six decades and more since the founding of New China, and particularly since the introduction of the reform and opening-up policies in 1978, the Chinese government has worked hard to explore a path of socialist modernization that conforms to Chinas conditions and the trend of th
15、e times. Overcoming difficulties and setbacks, the Chinese people have advanced with the times, drawn on both experience and lessons from the development of China itself and other countries, deepened understanding of the laws governing the development of human society, and promoted the self-improvem
16、ent and growth of the socialist system. Through arduous struggle, the Chinese people have succeeded in finding a path of development conforming to Chinas reality the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.从更宽广的世界历史视野看，和平发展道路归结起来就是：既通过维护世界和平发展自己，又通过自身发展维护世界和平；在强调依靠自身力量和改革创新实现发展的同时，坚持对外开放，学习借鉴
17、别国长处；顺应经济全球化发展潮流，寻求与各国互利共赢和共同发展；同国际社会一道努力，推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。这条道路最鲜明的特征是科学发展、自主发展、开放发展、和平发展、合作发展、共同发展。Viewed in the broader, global and historical context, the path of peaceful development may be defined as follows: China should develop itself through upholding world peace and contribute to world pe
18、ace through its own development. It should achieve development with its own efforts and by carrying out reform and innovation; at the same time, it should open itself to the outside and learn from other countries. It should seek mutual benefit and common development with other countries in keeping w
19、ith the trend of economic globalization, and it should work together with other countries to build a harmonious world of durable peace and common prosperity. This is a path of scientific, independent, open, peaceful, cooperative and common development.科学发展。科学发展就是尊重并遵循经济社会和自然发展规律，牢牢扭住经济建设这个中心，坚持聚精会神搞
20、建设，一心一意谋发展，不断解放和发展社会生产力。 Scientific development. Scientific development means respecting and following the laws governing the development of economy, society and nature, focusing on development and freeing and developing the productive forces.中国把科学发展观作为经济社会发展的重要指导方针，坚持把发展作为党执政兴国的第一要务，坚持以人为本，坚持全面协调可持
21、续发展，坚持统筹兼顾。坚持以人为本，始终尊重人权和人的价值，不断满足人民日益增长的物质文化需要，走共同富裕道路，促进人的全面发展，做到发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享。China takes the Scientific Outlook on Development as an important principle guiding economic and social development, and gives top priority to development in governing and rejuvenating the country by the Party
22、. It puts people first, promotes comprehensive, balanced, and sustainable development, and takes all factors into consideration when making balanced overall plans. In putting people first, the Chinese government always respects human rights and human values and works to meet the ever-growing materia
23、l and cultural needs of the people and promote prosperity for all. It strives to advance the all-round development of man, to ensure that development is for the people, by the people and with the people sharing its fruits.坚持全面协调可持续发展，全面推进经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设以及生态文明建设，促进现代化建设各个环节、各个方面相协调。坚持统筹兼顾，正确认识和妥善
24、处理中国特色社会主义事业中的重大关系，统筹城乡发展、区域发展、经济社会发展、人与自然和谐发展、国内发展和对外开放。In promoting comprehensive, balanced, and sustainable development, the Chinese government promotes comprehensive economic development as well as political, cultural and social progress and ecological improvement, and coordinated development of
25、 all links and aspects of the modernization drive. In making balanced overall plans, the Chinese government seeks to identify and properly handle the major relationships in the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics and maintain balance between urban and rural development, developm
26、ent of different regions, economic and social development, man and nature, and domestic development and opening to the outside world.自主发展。中国这样人口众多的发展中大国归根结底要靠自己的力量来发展。中国始终坚持独立自主，把国家发展的基点和重心放在国内，注重从本国国情出发，主要依靠自身力量和改革创新推动经济社会发展，不把问题和矛盾转嫁给别国。在经济全球化大背景下，中国只有坚持自主发展，才能更有效地参与国际分工，才能更好地同世界各国开展互利合作。 Independ
27、ent development. As a populous developing country, China must rely on itself in pursuing development. China maintains independence, focuses on domestic development, acts in keeping with its national conditions, carries out reform and innovation for economic and social development through its own eff
28、orts, and it does not shift problems and difficulties onto other countries. In the era of economic globalization, only by pursuing independent development can China more effectively participate in international division of labor, and promote mutually beneficial cooperation with other countries.开放发展。
29、中国从自身发展经验中深刻认识到，不能关起门来搞建设。中国把改革开放作为一项基本国策，把对内改革和对外开放结合起来，把坚持独立自主同参与经济全球化结合起来，把继承中华民族优良传统同学习借鉴人类社会一切文明成果结合起来，把国际国内两个市场、两种资源结合起来，以开放的姿态融入世界，不断拓展对外开放的广度和深度，加强同世界各国交流合作，完善内外联动、互利共赢、安全高效的开放型经济体系。中国对外开放的大门绝不会关上，开放水平只会越来越高。 Open development. China has learned from its development course that it cannot deve
30、lop itself with its door closed. Taking reform and opening-up as a basic policy, China both carries out domestic reform and opens itself to the outside world, both pursues independent development and takes part in economic globalization and both carries forward the fine traditions of the Chinese nat
31、ion and draws on all the fine achievements of other civilizations. It combines both the domestic market and foreign markets and uses both domestic resources and foreign resources. China integrates itself with the rest of the world with an open attitude, expands and deepens the opening-up strategy, a
32、nd strengthens exchanges and cooperation with other countries. It strives to build an open economic system which ensures better linkages with the global economy, mutually beneficial cooperation as well as security and efficiency. China will never close its door to the outside world, and will open it
33、self increasingly wider.和平发展。中华民族是爱好和平的民族，中国人民从近代以后遭受战乱和贫穷的惨痛经历中，深感和平之珍贵、发展之迫切，深信只有和平才能实现人民安居乐业，只有发展才能实现人民丰衣足食，把为国家发展营造和平稳定的国际环境作为对外工作的中心任务。同时，中国积极为世界和平与发展作出自己应有的贡献，绝不搞侵略扩张，永远不争霸、不称霸，始终是维护世界和地区和平稳定的坚定力量。 Peaceful development. The Chinese nation loves peace. From their bitter sufferings from war and
34、poverty in modern times, the Chinese people have learned the value of peace and the pressing need of development. They see that only peace can allow them to live and work in prosperity and contentment and that only development can bring them decent living. Therefore, the central goal of Chinas diplo
35、macy is to create a peaceful and stable international environment for its development. In the meantime, China strives to make its due contribution to world peace and development. It never engages in aggression or expansion, never seeks hegemony, and remains a staunch force for upholding regional and
36、 world peace and stability.合作发展。国际社会始终会存在竞争和矛盾。各国应该在良性竞争中取长补短，不断寻找合作机会，扩大合作领域，拓展共同利益。中国坚持以合作谋和平、以合作促发展、以合作化争端，同其他国家建立和发展不同形式的合作关系，致力于通过同各国不断扩大互利合作，有效应对日益增多的全球性挑战，协力解决关乎世界经济发展和人类生存进步的重大问题。 Cooperative development. There are always competition and conflicts in international relations. Each country sho
37、uld draw on others merits to offset its own weakness through fair competition, find opportunities for cooperation, expand areas of cooperation, and improve common interests. China uses cooperation as a way to pursue peace, promote development and settle disputes. It seeks to establish and develop co
38、operative relationships of different forms with other countries and effectively meet growing global challenges by constantly expanding mutually beneficial cooperation with other countries, and works with them to solve major problems that affect world economic development and human survival and progr
39、ess.共同发展。当今世界各国相互依存日益加深，只有实现世界各国共同发展，让更多人分享发展成果，世界和平稳定才有坚实基础和有效保障，世界各国发展才可以持续。因此，中国坚持奉行互利共赢的开放战略，坚持自身利益与人类共同利益的一致性，在追求自身发展的同时努力实现与他国发展的良性互动，促进世界各国共同发展。中国真诚期待同世界各国并肩携手，实现共同发展繁荣。 Common development. Countries are becoming increasingly interdependent. Only when common development of all countries is re
40、alized and more people share the fruit of development, can world peace and stability have a solid foundation and be effectively guaranteed, and can development be sustainable in all countries. Therefore, China unswervingly follows a strategy of opening-up and mutual benefit. It pursues both its own
41、interests and the common interests of mankind and works to ensure that its own development and the development of other countries are mutually reinforcing, thus promoting the common development of all countries. China sincerely hopes to work with other countries to realize common development and pro
42、sperity.沿着和平发展道路，中国经历了广泛而深刻的变革，取得了显著的发展成就，为世界繁荣稳定作出了重大贡献，与世界更加紧密地联系在一起。Thanks to its pursuit of peaceful development, China has under-gone profound changes. It has made remarkable achievements in development, made major contribution to world prosperity and sta-bility, and is more closely linked with
43、 the rest of the world. 实现综合国力大幅度提升。经济总量从1978年到2010年翻了四番多，达到5.88万亿美元，占世界的比重从1.8%增加到9.3%。中国现代化建设的物质基础更加坚实，工业化、信息化、城镇化、市场化、国际化深入发展，社会主义建设事业全面推进。Chinas overall strength has grown considerably. Its total eco-nomic output reached US$5.88 trillion in 2010, over 16 times that of 1978, rising to 9.3% of the
44、 worlds total from 1.8% in 1978. The material basis for Chinas modernization drive has become more solid; steady progress has been made in turning China into an industrialized, information-based, urbanized, market-oriented and internationalized country, and the cause of socialist development is bein
45、g advanced in all respects.人民生活实现从温饱不足到总体小康的历史跨越，人均国民总收入相当于世界平均水平的比例从2005年的24.9%提高到2010年的46.8%。实现从高度集中的计划经济体制到充满活力的社会主义市场经济体制的伟大历史转折，形成公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度，市场在资源配置中的基础性作用明显增强，宏观调控体系日臻完善。覆盖城乡居民的社会保障体系逐步建立，文化、教育、科技、卫生、体育等社会事业全面发展。The Chinese people, once inadequately fed and clad, are leading a d
46、ecent life on the whole a historic breakthrough. The share of Chinas per capita income comparable to the world average grew from 24.9% in 2005 to 46.8% in 2010. A historic transformation from a highly centralized planned economy to a dynamic socialist market economy has been achieved in China. A bas
47、ic economic system in which public ownership takes the lead and different economic ownerships grow side by side has come into being. The market plays an increasingly important role in allocating resources, and the system of macroeconomic regulation is improving. A social security system covering bot
48、h urban and rural residents is taking shape, and culture, education, science and technology, health care, sports and other social programs are flourishing.实现从封闭半封闭到全方位开放的伟大历史转折。从建立经济特区到开放沿海、沿江、沿边、内陆地区，从引进外资到鼓励中国企业对外投资，从敞开国门搞建设到加入世界贸易组织，中国参与经济全球化和区域经济合作，对外开放水平不断提高。A historic transformation turning Ch
49、ina from a closed or semi-closed state to one featuring all-round opening up has been realized. With the setting up of special economic zones, opening of coastal areas, regions along the major rivers and the borders and inland areas to the outside world, absorbing foreign investment and making Chinese investment overseas, and entry into the World Trade Organization, China has taken an a
