1、主 编：束定芳副 主 编：王蓓蕾分册主编：安 琳 编 者： 陈科芳 朱 彦 王琳艺 责任编辑：刘 璟美术设计：戴玉倩普通高中教科书 英语 必修第二册上海市中小学（幼儿园）课程改革委员会组织编写出 版 发 行 上海外语教育出版社（上海市大连西路 558 号）印 刷 上海中华印刷有限公司版 次 2020 年 8 月第 1 版印 次 2020 年 8 月第 1 次开 本 890 毫米 1240 毫米 1/16印 张 6字 数 190 千字书 号 ISBN 978-7-5446-6476-9电子出版物号 ISBN 978-7-900586-98-8（音视频）定 价 20.70 元（含音视频资料）版权所
2、有未经许可不得采用任何方式擅自复制或使用本产品任何部分违者必究如发现内容质量问题，请拨打电话 4008-213-263。如发现印、装质量问题，影响阅读，请与上海外语教育出版社联系。 电话：021-65609540全国物价举报电话：12315声明：按照中华人民共和国著作权法第二十五条有关规定，我们已尽量寻找著作权人支付报酬。著作权人如有关于支付报酬事宜可及时与出版社联系。Unit 1 NatureUnit 2 AnimalsUnit 3 FoodUnit 4 SportsUnderstandingDiscoveringReading, Listening and ViewingVocabular
3、y Focus Grammar in UseReading A: The Natural Garden (Fable)Culture Link: Chinese Wisdom: Harmony Between Humans and NatureAntonymsRelative clauses 1 introduced by who, whom, that, which and whoseReading B: The Beauty of Nature (Essay)Listening: What a Wonderful World (Song)Viewing: Nature Makes You
4、Happy (Research report)Viewing strategy: Using images to predict content Reading A: Zoos: Cruel or Caring? (Argumentative essay)Reading strategy: Using context clues to understand meaningSynonymsRelative clauses 2 introduced by when, where, why and “preposition +which”Reading B: Friends Reunited (St
5、ory)Listening: Im a Real Animal Lover (Radio programme)Viewing: Animal Heroes (Documentary clip)Culture Link: Views About Animals in Different CulturesReading A: Dining in France: Culture Shock (Blog diary)Hyponyms-ing / -ed forms 1 used as attributivesReading B: What Food Tells Us About Culture (Ex
6、pository essay)Listening: Dining Customs Around the World (Podcast)Viewing: The Connection Between Food and Culture (Open course)Viewing strategy: Recognising examplesCulture Link: Dining Customs Around the World: Eating UtensilsReading A: Open Love Letter to Basketball (Letter)Reading strategy: Sum
7、marisingPolysemy-ing / -ed forms 2 used as adverbialsReading B: Excerpt from Bend It like Beckham (Novel)Listening: Leos Wushu Dream (Interview)Viewing: A Gold Medal Match (Sports commentary)Culture Link: Traditional Chinese SportsUnitP2P18P34P50P50Appendices * Words and Expressions P66 Reading P66L
8、istening and Viewing P77* Grammar Terms P79 * Glossary P80 UnderstandingDiscoveringProducingExtending Speaking and Writing Critical ThinkingFurther ExplorationDescribing a scene in a landscape painting or photo Speaking strategy:Maintaining good posture and eye contactDescribing a scene in spatial o
9、rderWriting strategy: Writing in spatial orderGrouping informationSharing stories about the efforts made to restore damaged natureDiscussing the pros and cons of feeding homeless catsSpeaking strategy:Contributing ideas to a discussionExpressing your opinion on feeding homeless catsWriting strategy:
10、 Using cohesive devicesSeeing thingsfrom a different perspectiveExploring animal establishmentsSharing culture shock stories of foreigners dining in ChinaSpeaking strategy:Using hand gestures effectively while presentingGiving advice about dining in China to foreign studentsWriting strategy: Writing
11、 in topical orderCategorising informationIntroducing food traditions of a particular cultureConducting a sports interviewSpeaking strategy:Asking for and giving clarificationWriting about your experiences with a sportWriting strategy: Writing inchronological orderAnalysing advantages and disadvantag
12、es Promoting a sports game in schoolMap of the Book1致同学们亲爱的同学们：经过小学和初中阶段的学习，大家已经掌握了一定的英语语音、词汇、语法等知识，也具备了一定的英语应用能力。大家是否希望通过英语了解更多的世界文化？是否希望能够运用英语来介绍中国文化和社会生活呢？是否希望通过英语学习获得更多的知识和技能，进而提升自己的思维品质和综合素养？是否希望在课内外英语学习活动中提升自主学习的能力 ?本套教材为同学们精心准备了题材丰富、风格多样的学习材料和形式活泼、寓教于乐的学习活动，让大家在学习英语的同时，领略博大精深的中华文化、绚烂多彩的世界文化、拓
13、展全球视野。同学们，高中阶段英语学习的主要目的是全面提升语言能力。同时，通过英语学习获取更多的中外优秀文化知识，挖掘其承载的文化价值，提升跨文化交际意识和交流能力，训练思维的逻辑性、批判性和创造性。本套教材共七册，其中前三册为必修阶段教材，后四册为选择性必修阶段教材。每册由四个单元组成。每个单元围绕人与自我、人与社会或人与自然三大主题展开，形成一个交际和学习活动相结合的有机整体。每个单元包括四大板块：理解（UNDERSTANDING）板块提供丰富的阅读、听力材料和视频片段；发现（DISCOVERING）板块包括词汇和语法知识，帮助同学们发现、掌握并学会使用规则，达到举一反三的效果；表达（PRO
14、DUCING）板块设计了听、说、读、看、写结合的综合活动，以帮助同学们提升用英语完成相关交际任务的能力；拓展（EXTENDING）板块包括思维训练（Critical Thinking）和项目探究（Further Exploration）两个部分，前者旨在帮助同学们训练逻辑思维和批判性思维的能力，后者指导同学们开展研究性学习、自主学习和合作学习。文化链接（Culture Link）为灵活板块，主要介绍与单元主题相关的世界文化或中国文化小百科知识。同学们还可以通过每单元最后的自我评价（Self-assessment）检测自己的学习成效，发现需要改进的地方后，制定相应的提升计划。同学们，掌握一门外语
15、意味着多一双看世界的眼睛，多一双听世界的耳朵，多一个探索世界的工具，也多一条传播中国文化的途径。学习外语需要大量的实践，需要持之以恒的努力。希望同学们在老师的指导下，把教材作为起跳板，充分调动你们已有的知识，探索未知的领域， “跃”向更广阔的世界。 编者 2020 年 5 月Nothing in Nature is unbeautiful. Alfred Tennyson 2UnitNature13Reading AThere once lived a king who had a palace with beautiful gardens. In those gardens lived th
16、ousands of creatures representing hundreds of different species. It was a paradise.There was only one thing that the king disliked the remains of a huge tree standing in the middle of the gardens. It was withered and dry. So, he had it cut down and replaced with elaborate fountains. Some time later,
17、 a wise nobleman visited the king. “Your Majesty, people have been singing the praises of the beauty of these gardens and the many creatures that live in them. But Ive hardly seen a thing move not one animal. I feel tricked!” whispered the nobleman. The king realised that the wise man was right! The
18、 animals had left and the gardens were empty. The king sent for his advisers. He offered a reward to anyone with a solution. He was presented with many theories and ideas. He tried them all, but nothing could restore the royal gardens to their former splendour.Years later, long after many of the gro
19、unds plants and flowers had also disappeared or withered, a young man showed up. He had an explanation. “There Do you know that things in nature are connected? Read the text and find out how.101520255 THE NATURAL GARDENGetting Started Discuss this question with your partner: when you think of nature
20、, what first comes to mind? Note down what you like about nature in the mind map. Compare your notes with your partners.Natureplantslandscapesrosesmountainslakespine trees4UNIT 130556065354045just wasnt enough poo, Your Majesty. Particularly, moth poo.”Everyone broke into laughter. The man was a foo
21、l. The guards were ready to throw him out, but the king stopped them. “I want to hear what you have to say.”The man carefully explained how everything in a garden is connected. The bigger animals fed mainly on the brightly coloured birds, which ate colourful worms, which in turn fed on the various p
22、lants and flowers native to that part of the world. These rare plants and flowers flourished amongst insects and other organisms as long as there was enough moth poo. But how could a young man know so much about the royal gardens?It turned out that before he was born, his father had collected the ol
23、d tree that the king ordered to be taken out. He re-planted it on their land. Every spring, thousands of moths came out of the tree and the beauty of the royal gardens recreated itself there. Now that the king knew what was wrong and how it could be fixed, he wanted his gardens back. But recreating
24、the gardens, he later found out, would take many years. Nature couldnt be rushed. It would take time for balance to be restored and the king would not live to see it. The king was full of regrets. He had so carelessly destroyed the delicate balance of nature. Culture LinkChinese Wisdom: Harmony Betw
25、een Humans and NatureThe core of Chinese culture is the pursuit of humans harmonious unity with nature. Such values are expressed in our lifestyles by the word du (literally “degree” or “limit”). It represents the wisdom of the Chinese in life and in human interaction with the environment. In many C
26、hinese landscape paintings, waterfalls and mountain peaks make up much of the painting while humans often have a place. They are participants in the natural scene, but they do not dominate it. Personal TouchWho do you think is the wisest man in the story? Why?The Natural Garden505NatureComprehension
27、II. Answer the questions.III. Make your own dialogue.The king was full of regrets. He wanted to restore the beauty of his gardens, but it would take many years.The king had the tree the only thing that he disliked in the gardens cut down. The king realised that there were no more living creatures in
28、 his gardens.A young man came with an explanation and a solution. The king sent for advisers, but none of them was able to explain the mystery.The king had gardens as beautiful as paradise. I. Put the sentences in the right order according to the story. 1. Why did the king order his men to cut down
29、the huge tree in his gardens?2. What was soon missing from the kings gardens? What had caused the problem?3. How long did it probably take for the beauty of the gardens to be recreated on the young mans property?4. What does the sentence “Nature couldnt be rushed” (line 61) mean? Explain it in your
30、own words. 5. What lesson have you learned from the story? The king is now about to ask his men to cut down the old tree in his gardens. Suppose you are one of the advisers to the king and you know how everything in the gardens is connected. You want to persuade the king to give up his plan. Work wi
31、th a partner and make your own dialogue, and then act it out. You can start like this:Digging In The king: The old tree is withered and dry. Whats the point of leaving it in my royal gardens? Its completely out of place! The adviser: Your Majesty! Allow me to . The king:6UNIT 1Vocabulary FocusI. Key
32、 Vocabulary Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words and expressions to complete the passage. I am the tree who used to live in the kings gardens. Every spring thousands of moths came out of me. The moths attracted birds, which 1 _ provided food for bigger animals. Gradually,
33、 the gardens were filled with life and colour. The king was very proud of his gardens, in which thousands of creatures 2 _ hundreds of species now lived. They turned the gardens into a paradise that everyone enjoyed. I was old, withered and dry, and it turned out that I was the only thing in the gar
34、dens that the king disliked. Then one day the king 3 _ and decided he could stand me no more. He had me cut down and 4 _ with elaborate fountains. But to his surprise, all the animals living in the gardens were gone in time. The king 5 _ advisers, but none of them came up with a solution. Many years
35、 passed before a young man presented himself to the king. Though everyone else 6 _ laughter when he pointed out that it was the “moth poo” that played a key role in keeping life balanced and healthy in the gardens, the king took his 7 _ seriously. The king wanted to recreate the 8 _ beauty of his ga
36、rdens. However, it would take many years to restore the 9 _ of nature, for I was delicate easy to 10 _ and so was the balance of nature!II. Word Meaning: Antonyms 1. What does the word in bold mean? Guess its meaning with the help of the underlined word. An antonym is a word that is opposite in mean
37、ing to another word. For example, active is an antonym of passive. Here are more examples. Dannys father said the map was simple, but when Danny looked at it, he saw it was actually quite complex. Although this plant is familiar to people in Europe, it is unknown to the rest of the world.People have
38、 different views about how we treat natural resources. Some people believe that wild forests should be preserved. Others think that wild forests are there to be used as much as possible to keep the economy running. show up break into former explanation send forrepresent balance destroy replace in tu
39、rn 7NatureGrammar in UseRelative clauses 1 introduced by who, whom, that, which and whoseI. Study the sentences and find out how they are combined.1. There once lived a king who had a palace with beautiful gardens. (=There once lived a king. The king had a palace with beautiful gardens.) 2. People s
40、ang the praises of the beauty of these gardens and the many creatures that lived in them. (=People sang the praises of the beauty of these gardens and the many creatures there. Those creatures all lived in the gardens.)3. The old tree which the king ordered to be cut down had actually been collected
41、 by the young mans father. (=The king ordered that the old tree be cut down. The old tree had actually been collected by the young mans father.) 3. Read the passage and fill in each blank with an antonym of a word from the box. An environment works (1) _ with a wide variety of species. Heres an exam
42、ple: green sea turtles (2) _ eating sea grass but they cant hang out in one spot for too long because tiger sharks in the area hunt for sea turtles. (3) _ tiger sharks, sea turtles would eat all the best sea grass, (4) _ the home for all the other animals that depend on it. If one species turtles, s
43、harks, or sea grass (5) _, other plants and animals that are connected to that species could become extinct too. Losing just one species can (6) _ many others.There are possibly billions of (7) _ species of plants, animals, bacteria and other living things throughout the world but weve only document
44、ed about two million of them. Many of these known and unknown species have (8) _ futures however.We can help keep the Earth safe and the whole ecosystem healthy by working to preserve all of its components.well2. Complete the sentences with the antonyms of the underlined words.(1) The king liked his
45、 beautiful gardens, but _ the remains of an old tree standing in the middle. (2) After many attempts, the king still failed to restore his gardens to their former splendour. It seemed that only the young man could _ in doing so.(3) These trees flourish particularly well in a warm and wet climate, bu
46、t _ in dry conditions.(4) Nature is fair. She _ those who break her laws but rewards those who observe them. create with similar poorly benefit hate certain appear8UNIT 1II. Connect the sentences using a relative pronoun, as in the example. Use “-” to indicate where a relative pronoun is not necessa
47、ry. III. Complete the passage with appropriate relative clauses from the options given on the right. A. that live thereB. that arrive each dayC. who come to the island D. whose life is easy and relaxed E. who planned to come back and cook themF. who has visited the tiny island of Big Major Cay1. He
48、took me to see the old garden bridge. (He is rebuilding it.) _2. Sea lions are intelligent animals. (They can be trained to monitor and report on underwater conditions.) _3. People have to pay for their actions or clean up. (They create air, water and waste pollution.) _4. We are going to interview
49、people. (Their job is to study humans impact on our planet.) _A relative clause gives more information about someone or something referred to in a main clause. Some relative clauses (defining relative clauses) are used to specify which person or thing we mean, or which type of person or thing we mea
50、n. Relative clauses begin with a relative pronoun, such as who, whom, that, which or whose. For example: Several athletes whom the reporter spoke to complained about the smog hanging over the city. The king offered a reward to anyone whose solution would be effective.When we use a defining relative
