1、This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller a
2、nd DS18B20 temperature sensor.压疮新进展压疮新进展压疮评估与护理压疮评估与护理导师 王春华汇报人 孙黎明This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcompu
3、ter.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.目录压疮的定义01压疮的分期02压疮的评估03压疮的护理04This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus d
4、igital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.压疮的定义传统定义：局部组织长期受压，血液循环障碍，局部持续缺血、缺传统定义：局部组织长期受压，血液循环障碍，局部持续缺血、缺氧、营养不良而导致的软组织溃烂和坏死称为压疮。氧、营养不良而导致的软组织溃烂和坏死称为压疮。更新定义：更新定义：20092009年美国国家压疮专家咨询组（年美国
5、国家压疮专家咨询组（NPUAP)NPUAP)和欧洲压疮庄和欧洲压疮庄家咨询组（家咨询组（EPUAP)EPUAP)联合定义压疮为：皮肤和皮下组织的局限性损伤，联合定义压疮为：皮肤和皮下组织的局限性损伤，通常发生在骨隆突处，一般由压力或压力联合剪切力引起通常发生在骨隆突处，一般由压力或压力联合剪切力引起。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and contr
6、ol by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.压疮的发生机制单纯压力增加可使细胞形态变化，单纯压力增加可使细胞形态变化，发生凋亡、坏死，伴有缺氧可加发生凋亡、坏死，伴有缺氧可加速坏死。速坏死。有实验表明：有实验表明：70mmHg70mmHg压力，持续压力，持续2h2h，造成皮下组，造
7、成皮下组织不可逆损害；若中间休息织不可逆损害；若中间休息 5 min5 min，压力再高也不致损害。压力再高也不致损害。护理卧床病人护理卧床病人-定时翻身是必要的定时翻身是必要的！局部组织长期受压局部组织长期受压血液循环障碍血液循环障碍持续缺血持续缺血软组织坏死软组织坏死This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using sin
8、gle bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measur
9、ement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.压疮的分期一、一、期压疮（淤血红润期）期压疮（淤血红润期）二、二、期压疮（炎症浸润期）期压疮（炎症浸润期）三、三、期压疮（浅度溃疡期）期压疮（浅度溃疡期）四、四、期压疮（深度溃疡期）期压疮（深度溃疡期）200
10、72007年，年，NPUAPNPUAP增加了两种特殊情况增加了两种特殊情况可疑深部组织损伤可疑深部组织损伤不可分期阶段不可分期阶段This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcompute
11、r.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.期（淤血红润期）在骨隆突处的皮肤完整伴有压之不褪色的局限性红斑在骨隆突处的皮肤完整伴有压之不褪色的局限性红斑深色皮肤可能无明显的苍白改变，但其颜色可能与周围组织不同深色皮肤可能无明显的苍白改变，但其颜色可能与周围组织不同受损部位与周围相邻组织比较，有疼痛、硬块、表面发软、发热或受损部位与周围相邻组织比较，有疼痛、硬块、表面发软、发热或者冰凉者冰凉可表明可表明“处于危险状态处于危险状态”This paper
12、mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20
13、temperature sensor.This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C5
14、1 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.期（炎症浸润期）表皮完全损失，真皮部分缺失表皮完全损失，真皮部分缺失表现为一个浅的开放性（发亮的或干燥的）溃疡表现为一个浅的开放性（发亮的或干燥的）溃疡伴有粉红色伤口床（创面）伴有粉红色伤口床（创面）无腐肉或瘀伤（瘀伤表明有可疑的深部组织损伤）无腐肉或瘀伤（瘀伤表明有可疑的深部组织损伤）也可能表现为一个完整的或破裂的血清性水疱也可能表现为一个完整的或破裂的血清性水疱This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperatu
15、re control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.This paper mainly introduces the desi
16、gn of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.期（浅度溃疡期
17、）全层皮肤组织缺失全层皮肤组织缺失可见皮下脂肪暴露，但骨头、肌腱肌肉未外露可见皮下脂肪暴露，但骨头、肌腱肌肉未外露有腐肉存在有腐肉存在但组织缺失的深度不明确但组织缺失的深度不明确可能包含有潜行的隧道可能包含有潜行的隧道此欺压疮的深度因解剖位置的不同而不同，鼻梁、耳朵、枕骨处、此欺压疮的深度因解剖位置的不同而不同，鼻梁、耳朵、枕骨处、踝部因无皮下组织，此欺压疮可能是表浅溃疡；脂肪较多的部位此踝部因无皮下组织，此欺压疮可能是表浅溃疡；脂肪较多的部位此欺压疮可能形成非常深的溃疡，但骨头或肌腱不可触及或无外露欺压疮可能形成非常深的溃疡，但骨头或肌腱不可触及或无外露This paper mainly i
18、ntroduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperat
19、ure sensor.This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microc
20、ontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.期（深度溃疡期）全层组织缺失全层组织缺失伴有骨、肌腱或肌肉外露伴有骨、肌腱或肌肉外露伤口的某些部位有腐肉或焦痂伤口的某些部位有腐肉或焦痂常常有潜行或隧道常常有潜行或隧道此期的压疮因解剖位置的不同而异，鼻梁、此期的压疮因解剖位置的不同而异，鼻梁、耳朵、枕骨处、踝部因耳朵、枕骨处、踝部因无皮下组织，此欺压疮可能是表浅溃疡；可能扩展到肌肉和无皮下组织，此欺压疮可能是表浅溃疡；可能扩展到肌肉和/或支或支持结构（如筋膜、肌腱等），可以直接触到或看到肌腱持结构（如筋膜、肌腱等），可以直接触到或看到肌腱/骨头，有骨头，有可能造
21、成骨髓炎。可能造成骨髓炎。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 micr
22、ocontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components
23、of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.可疑深部组织损伤在肤色较深的个体中，深部组织损伤可能难以检测在肤色较深的个体中，深部组织损伤可能难以检测厚壁水疱覆盖的黑色伤口床进展可能更快厚壁水疱覆盖的黑色伤口床进展可能更快足跟部是最常见的部位足跟部是最常见的部位这样的伤口恶化很快，即使给与积极的处理，病变可迅速发展，至这样的伤口恶化很快，即使给与积极的处理，病变可迅速发展，至多层皮下组织暴露多层皮下组织暴露This paper mainly introduces the design of an
24、 intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.This paper main
25、ly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temp
26、erature sensor.不可分期压疮全层组织缺失全层组织缺失溃疡底部有腐肉覆盖（黄色、黄褐色、灰色、绿色等），或伤口床溃疡底部有腐肉覆盖（黄色、黄褐色、灰色、绿色等），或伤口床有焦痂附着（黑色、褐色或碳色）有焦痂附着（黑色、褐色或碳色）只有去除足够多的腐肉或焦痂，暴露出伤口床的底部，才能准确评只有去除足够多的腐肉或焦痂，暴露出伤口床的底部，才能准确评估压疮的真正深度、确定分期估压疮的真正深度、确定分期This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which real
27、izes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent tempera
28、ture control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.压疮分期注意事项按局部组织缺失量：部分皮层损伤、全皮层损伤、怀疑深层损
29、伤按局部组织缺失量：部分皮层损伤、全皮层损伤、怀疑深层损伤仅适用于压疮，如不能确定病因就不要分类仅适用于压疮，如不能确定病因就不要分类仅界定组织损伤的程度，不预示预后情况仅界定组织损伤的程度，不预示预后情况粘膜处压疮不分期粘膜处压疮不分期压疮分期不能降级压疮分期不能降级另外，伤口及周围组织均用生理盐水清洗，因其不含任何防腐剂，另外，伤口及周围组织均用生理盐水清洗，因其不含任何防腐剂，无毒，符合人体生理需求，是所有伤口最安全和合适的清洗剂。无毒，符合人体生理需求，是所有伤口最安全和合适的清洗剂。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intel
30、ligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.伤口的湿性愈合理论19621962年，年，
31、WinterWinter博士就提出了博士就提出了“湿性创面愈合湿性创面愈合”理论，即湿性创面理论，即湿性创面环境能够加快上皮细胞增生移行的速度，促进创面愈合，愈合的速环境能够加快上皮细胞增生移行的速度，促进创面愈合，愈合的速度要比暴露于干燥的环境中快一倍。度要比暴露于干燥的环境中快一倍。现已证实，湿性环境可以调节氧张力与血管生长，有利于坏死组织现已证实，湿性环境可以调节氧张力与血管生长，有利于坏死组织与纤维蛋白溶解，促进多种生长因子释放，从而加快创面愈合速度。与纤维蛋白溶解，促进多种生长因子释放，从而加快创面愈合速度。This paper mainly introduces the desig
32、n of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.伤口的管理原则（
33、TIME）T T 清除坏死组织清除坏死组织I I 控制感染或炎症控制感染或炎症M M 保持伤口的湿润平衡保持伤口的湿润平衡E E 促进伤口边缘的上皮化进程促进伤口边缘的上皮化进程This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and
34、single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.伤口的评估、测量和记录伤口的评估：伤口的评估：黑色伤口：伤口表面附着有黑色的焦痂或腐肉黑色伤口：伤口表面附着有黑色的焦痂或腐肉黄色伤口：伤口存在黄色腐肉黄色伤口：伤口存在黄色腐肉红色伤口：伤口内可见新鲜的肉芽生长红色伤口：伤口内可见新鲜的肉芽生长粉色伤口：伤口边缘可见新鲜的上皮爬行粉色伤口：伤口边缘可见新鲜的上皮爬行混合伤口：同时存在以上各期混合伤口：同时存在
35、以上各期This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroll
36、er and DS18B20 temperature sensor.伤口的测量与记录：伤口的测量与记录：测量时以人体的纵轴为长，横轴为宽测量时以人体的纵轴为长，横轴为宽二维测量面积：长二维测量面积：长宽宽三维测量体积：长三维测量体积：长宽宽深深因伤口往往是不规则型的，伤口的描述要求每一个数字后面有单位，因伤口往往是不规则型的，伤口的描述要求每一个数字后面有单位，如如9cm9cm4cm4cm，如果写成，如果写成9494（cm)cm)2 2则表示长则表示长9cm9cm，宽，宽4cm4cm，而不是，而不是3636平方厘米。平方厘米。This paper mainly introduces the d
37、esign of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.Brad
38、enNortonWaterlow 压疮风险评估工具This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are
39、AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.BradenThis paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.Th
40、e core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.Norton14属于危险人群，随着分值降低危险性相应增加。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital
41、temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.WaterlowThis paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement an
42、d control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.期（淤血红润期）处理：此时须加强翻身与监测皮肤变化情况，避免发红区持续受压，处理：此时须加强翻身与监测皮肤变化情况，避免发红区持续受压，发红区皮肤不可加压按摩。可使用泡沫敷料或透明贴敷料覆盖于骨发红区皮肤不可加压按摩。可使用
43、泡沫敷料或透明贴敷料覆盖于骨突出处，或液体敷料（赛肤润）。突出处，或液体敷料（赛肤润）。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components
44、 of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.期（炎症浸润期）溃疡期：视伤口渗出液的多少来选择敷料及敷料的更换频率溃疡期：视伤口渗出液的多少来选择敷料及敷料的更换频率若伤口渗液较少，创面可覆盖水胶体敷料，不需每天更换，只待敷若伤口渗液较少，创面可覆盖水胶体敷料，不需每天更换，只待敷料自行脱落（若两周后仍未脱落，则可自行揭除）料自行脱落（若两周后仍未脱落，则可自行揭除）若伤口渗液中量，可以选择泡沫敷料，根据渗液情况判断敷料的更若伤口渗液中量，可以选择泡沫敷料，根据渗液情况判断敷料的更换换若伤口渗
45、液量大，藻酸盐加泡沫敷料，若伤口渗液量大，藻酸盐加泡沫敷料，根据渗液情况判断敷料的更根据渗液情况判断敷料的更换换但仍需执行翻身，以防压疮再度发生但仍需执行翻身，以防压疮再度发生This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and s
46、ingle chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.期（炎症浸润期）水泡期：水泡期：小水泡小水泡要减少摩擦，防止破裂，水胶体敷料覆盖，促进水泡自行吸要减少摩擦，防止破裂，水胶体敷料覆盖，促进水泡自行吸收收大水泡大水泡消毒皮肤，用无菌注射器抽出泡内液体或在最低点用无菌剪消毒皮肤，用无菌注射器抽出泡内液体或在最低点用无菌剪刀剪开一小口，降水泡内液体引出，再用水胶体敷料或泡沫辅料覆刀剪开一小口，降水泡内液体引出，再用水
47、胶体敷料或泡沫辅料覆盖。盖。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 mic
48、rocontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.期压疮处理：处理：首先用生理盐水清洗创面及周围皮肤首先用生理盐水清洗创面及周围皮肤若果创面是红色组织，可选用藻酸盐类敷料若果创面是红色组织，可选用藻酸盐类敷料如果创面是黄色腐肉或坏死组织时，可使用水凝胶类，达到自溶性如果创面是黄色腐肉或坏死组织时，可使用水凝胶类，达到自溶性清创的目的清创的目的如果创面存在感染，选择银敷料，根据银敷料的特性制定换药时间如果创面存在感染，选择银敷料，根据银敷料的特性制定换药时间外层敷料：外层敷料：以能大量吸收分泌物与维持一定湿度的泡沫敷料为主，更换敷料的以能大量吸收分泌物与维持
49、一定湿度的泡沫敷料为主，更换敷料的频率视分泌物的多少而定。频率视分泌物的多少而定。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of
50、 the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.期压疮处理：处理：当伤口存在黑色和当伤口存在黑色和/或褐色焦痂时，必须进行外科清创术，以便确或褐色焦痂时，必须进行外科清创术，以便确定压疮伤口侵犯的深度及等级。定压疮伤口侵犯的深度及等级。首先：清除坏死组织，伤口可深达肌肉或筋膜层首先：清除坏死组织，伤口可深达肌肉或筋膜层第二：伤口处理原则（第二：伤口处理原则（TIMETIME原则）原则）复杂创面复杂创面伤口床的准备伤口床的准备简单伤口简单伤口利于伤口愈合利于伤口愈合This paper mainly i
