1、MOOC Green Chemistry-四川大学四川大学 中国大学慕课答案中国大学慕课答案Review Question1、问题：What day is the International Ozone Protection Day?选项：A、September 11thB、September 15thC、September 16thD、July 14th正确答案:【September 16th】2、问题：Whats the influence of Nuclear Winter on climate?选项：A、Decreasing the temperature of the Earths
2、surface.B、Increasing the temperature of the Earths surface.C、No obvious influence.D、Not sure yet.正确答案:【Decreasing the temperature of the Earths surface.】Review Question1、问题：What are the typical environmental problems in the following statements?选项：A、Global warming;Nuclear winter(Winter due to nuclea
3、r effect)B、Depletion of ozone layerC、Photochemical smog and air pollution;Acid rainD、Increase of heavy people正确答案:【Global warming;Nuclear winter(Winter due to nuclear effect)#Depletion of ozone layer#Photochemical smog and air pollution;Acid rain】1st Week.Chapter 1 Homework-Typical Environmental Pro
4、blemsReview Question1、问题：The goal of green chemistry is to eliminate the potential of pollution before it occurs.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【正确】2、问题：Traditional pollution treatment can provide a permanent cure.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】2nd Week.Chapter 2 Homework 13rd Week.Chapter 2 Homework 2Review Queation1、问题：The
5、se renewable feed-stocks are most often associated with biological and plant based starting materials,including:选项：A、Agricultural wastesB、SawdustC、Carbon dioxideD、Coal正确答案:【Agricultural wastes#Sawdust】4th Week.Chapter 2 Homework 35th Week.Chapter 2 Homework 46th Week.Chapter 2 Homework 56th Week.Cha
6、pter 2-Unit Test1、问题：One of the research area in Green Chemistry is to use renewable feedstocks for chemical production.Which could be used as feedstocks for chemical production in the following resources?选项：A、Kitchen garbageB、Waste cooking oilC、Agricultural wastesD、Microalgae正确答案:【Kitchen garbage#W
7、aste cooking oil#Agricultural wastes#Microalgae】2、问题：The reaction types involved in biomass conversion to fine chemicals and liquid fuels include:选项：A、HydrolysisB、DeoxygenationC、CondensationD、Hydrogenation正确答案:【Hydrolysis#Deoxygenation#Hydrogenation】3、问题：The energy is widely used in chemistry and ch
8、emical industry in the following aspects:选项：A、Accelerates the reaction rate with heatB、The need to control reactivity through coolingC、Pre-heating of the reaction mixtureD、Separation energy requirement正确答案:【Accelerates the reaction rate with heat#The need to control reactivity through cooling#Pre-he
9、ating of the reaction mixture#Separation energy requirement】4、问题：Which typical environmental problems in the following are related to chemical industry?选项：A、Depletion of ozone layerB、Photochemical smog and hazeC、Acid rainD、Global warming正确答案:【Depletion of ozone layer#Photochemical smog and haze#Acid
10、 rain#Global warming】5、问题：Several unconventional processing techniques that rely on alternative forms and sources of energy are of importance for process intensification.These alternative forms and sources of energy include:选项：A、SonicB、MicrowavesC、Solar energyD、Photo and other radiation正确答案:【Sonic#M
11、icrowaves#Solar energy#Photo and other radiation】6、问题：In some cases,the application of atomic economical reaction in chemical synthesis is not enough for eliminating the formation of wastes.These cases include:选项：A、The presence of parallel reactionB、Low equilibrium conversionC、Low product stereosele
12、ctivityD、Difficulty in product separation正确答案:【The presence of parallel reaction#Low equilibrium conversion#Low product stereoselectivity】7、问题：These renewable feed-stocks are most often associated with biological and plant based starting materials,including:选项：A、Agricultural wastesB、Saw dustC、Carbon
13、 dioxideD、Coal正确答案:【Agricultural wastes#Saw dust】8、问题：The goal of green chemistry is to treat the environmental pollutions already generated in chemical reactions.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】9、问题：The atomic economical reaction is not a requisite condition(必要条件)for eliminating the formation of wastes because
14、 the low equilibrium conversion and low product selectivity in a chemical reaction will also bring about pollutions.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】10、问题：Renewable feedstocks are the substances that are easily regenerated within time frames that are accessible to the human lifetime,including carbon dioxide and
15、methane.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【正确】11、问题：We can control the reaction process even we cannot measure the parameters of chemical reaction.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】12、问题：The goal of green chemistry is to eliminate the potential of pollution before it occurs.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【正确】13、问题：One of the obvious effect of ca
16、talysis to facilitate the reaction is to minimize the activation energy(energy costs),and thus reduce the reaction temperature.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【正确】14、问题：Traditional pollution treatment can provide a permanent cure.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】15、问题：Chemical reaction with 100%atom utilization has two characte
17、ristics.The reactants could be fully utilized,and the resource could be most possibly used economically.The waste could be minimized.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【正确】7th Week.Chapter 3 Homework 18th Week.Chapter 3 Homework 29th Week.Chapter 3 Homework 310th Week.Chapter 3 Homework 410th Week.Chapter 3-Unit Test1
18、、问题：Internal considerations for designing safer chemicals mean the prevention of toxic effect(预防毒性).They generally include approaches using molecular manipulations to reach the following purposes.选项：A、To avoid indirect bio-toxicity or bio-activation(生物活化)B、To avoid direct toxicityC、To facilitate the
19、 uptake of chemicals by organismsD、To facilitate bio-detoxication正确答案:【To avoid indirect bio-toxicity or bio-activation(生物活化)#To avoid direct toxicity#To facilitate bio-detoxication】2、问题：Properties of chemicals related to their environmental distribution or dispersion include:选项：A、Volatility(挥发性)or
20、melting pointB、Persistence(持久性)or biodegradabilityC、Water solubilityD、Conversion to biologically inactive substances正确答案:【Volatility(挥发性)or melting point#Persistence(持久性)or biodegradability#Water solubility#Conversion to biologically inactive substances】3、问题：The three fundamental requirements for ch
21、emical toxicity are选项：A、ExposureB、Bio-accumulationC、Bio-availabilityD、Intrinsic toxicity正确答案:【Exposure#Bio-availability#Intrinsic toxicity】4、问题：We could use QSAR equations to predict the aquatic toxicity of chemicals by transforming some important physicochemical properties of the chemicals into des
22、criptors.These related physicochemical properties include:选项：A、Octanol-water partition coefficient(log P)B、Water solubilityC、Dissolution constantD、Relative molecular weight正确答案:【Octanol-water partition coefficient(log P)#Water solubility#Dissolution constant#Relative molecular weight】5、问题：Toxicokine
23、tics refer to the interrelationship of the following processes:选项：A、AbsorptionB、DistributionC、MineralizationD、Catalysis正确答案:【Absorption#Distribution】6、问题：How to change the property of a chemical in order to avoid its toxicity to human beings and environment?选项：A、To make it not to possible to enter t
24、he bodyB、To make it easily absorbedC、To make it not possible to affect the biochemical and physiological processes hazardouslyD、To make it possible to affect the biochemical and physiological processes正确答案:【To make it not to possible to enter the body#To make it not possible to affect the biochemica
25、l and physiological processes hazardously】7、问题：What are wrong in the following descriptions?选项：A、Pharmacophore is a structural feature that the biological response is desired in the case of drugsB、Pharmacophore is a structural feature that the biological response is undesired in the case of drugsC、T
26、oxicophore is a structural feature that the biological effect is undesired in the case of commercial chemicalsD、Toxicophore is a structural feature that the biological effect is desired in the case of commercial chemical substances正确答案:【Pharmacophore is a structural feature that the biological respo
27、nse is undesired in the case of drugs#Toxicophore is a structural feature that the biological effect is desired in the case of commercial chemical substances】8、问题：The concentration of a particular substance in its target organs is not necessarily the highest.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【正确】9、问题：If we want to re
28、duce the absorption of a chemical substance from the gastrointestinal tract,the lipid solubility should be designed at LogP 5.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】10、问题：Electrophilic substances/metabolites react covalently with nucleophilic substituents of cellular macromolecules.The reversible covalent interaction
29、results in a variety of toxic effects.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】11、问题：Chemicals with log P2 exhibit low toxicity,because no sufficiently water solubility to enter the cellular membranes of aquatic organisms,then they are not bioavailable.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】12、问题：Internal considerations for designing safe
30、r chemicals mean to prevent the toxic effect of chemicals.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【正确】13、问题：The purpose of metabolism is detoxication.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【正确】14、问题：Non-polar,lipid-soluble chemicals can penetrate the cellular membranes more readily,because cellular membranes have a higher lipid content.选项：A、正确B、
31、错误正确答案:【错误】15、问题：External considerations mean the increment of exposure or accessibility of chemicals.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】Review Question1、问题：Which of the molecular features can generally increase resistance to aerobic biodegradation?选项：A、Halogens,especially chlorine and fluorineB、Chain branching an
32、dhigh-substituted compoundsC、Nitro,nitroso,azo,arylamino groups andaliphatic ether(C-O-C)bondsD、Polycyclic residues and heterocyclic residues正确答案:【Halogens,especially chlorine and fluorine#Chain branching andhigh-substituted compounds#Nitro,nitroso,azo,arylamino groups andaliphatic ether(C-O-C)bonds
33、#Polycyclic residues and heterocyclic residues】11th Week.Chapter 4 Homework 1Review Question1、问题：Please choose the other physicochemical properties related to the toxicity of chemicals to aquatic species except for log P.选项：A、Water solubilityB、Molecular size and weightC、Ion pair and zwitterionsD、Che
34、lation正确答案:【Water solubility#Molecular size and weight#Ion pair and zwitterions#Chelation】2、问题：The update of the chemicals with molecular weight1000 Daltons will be negligible,because the chemical will not diffuse across the respiratory membranes(呼吸膜)of aquatic organisms.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】12th Wee
35、k Chapter 4 Homework 213th Week Chapter 4 Homework 313th Week Chapter 4 Unit test1、问题：The following molecular features of chemicals generally do increase the resistance to aerobic(需氧)biodegradation,except:选项：A、Halogens and chain branchingB、Potential sites of enzymatic hydrolysisC、Un-substituted line
36、ar alkyl chainsD、Heterocyclic residues正确答案:【Potential sites of enzymatic hydrolysis#Un-substituted linear alkyl chains】2、问题：The possible effects of the solubility of chemicals on biodegradability are as follows:选项：A、Bio-activationB、Rate of solubilizationC、Enzymatic hydrolysisD、Microbial bioavailabil
37、ity正确答案:【Rate of solubilization#Microbial bioavailability】3、问题：Which group of metals in the following should we avoid using when we are designing metalized acid dyes(金属化酸性染料).选项：A、Al,Cr,or CoB、Al,Cr,or ZnC、Cr,Co,or ZnD、Fe,Cu,or Zn正确答案:【Al,Cr,or Co#Al,Cr,or Zn#Cr,Co,or Zn】4、问题：Biodegradability of che
38、micals is usually enhanced by the following molecular features:选项：A、Un-substituted linear alkyl and phenyl ringsB、Heterocyclic residuesC、Oxygen in the form of hydroxyl or carboxylic groupsD、Halogens正确答案:【Un-substituted linear alkyl and phenyl rings#Oxygen in the form of hydroxyl or carboxylic groups
39、】5、问题：For delocalized cationic dyes containing N,the toxicity comparison should be:选项：A、Primary N Secondary N Tertiary NB、Primary N Secondary N Tertiary NC、The more substituents on N atom there are,the more acute the toxicity isD、The more substituents on N atom there are,the less acute the toxicity
40、is正确答案:【Primary N Secondary N Tertiary N#The more substituents on N atom there are,the more acute the toxicity is】6、问题：Classification of surfactants includes:选项：A、Cationic surfactantsB、Anionic surfactantsC、Neutral surfactantsD、Amphoteric surfactants正确答案:【Cationic surfactants#Anionic surfactants#Neut
41、ral surfactants#Amphoteric surfactants】7、问题：Principles for designing safer dye chemicals to aquatic species include:选项：A、The number of anions should be less than that of cationsB、Sulfonic group(磺酸基)is better than carboxylic group(羧酸基)C、Molecular weight should be larger than 1000 DaltonsD、To decrease
42、 the diameter of the molecule正确答案:【Sulfonic group(磺酸基)is better than carboxylic group(羧酸基)#Molecular weight should be larger than 1000 Daltons】8、问题：Muscarinic antagonistis(蝇覃碱拮抗剂)is a silane analog of neopentyl carbamate(新戊基氨基甲酸酯),the former is more biodegradable than the latter.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【正确】
43、9、问题：For very insoluble chemicals,the replacement of a given functional group that increases solubility may reduce the biodegradability.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】10、问题：If O has been inserted into the structure during molecular design,the biodegradability of a chemical will be enhanced.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【正确】
44、11、问题：DDDis a silane analog of DDT(organochlorine pesticide 有机氯杀虫剂),the former is more biodegradable than the latter.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【正确】12、问题：The eventual mineralization of organic compounds can be attributed predominantly to the biodegradation by higher organisms.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】13、问题：If we co
45、mpare the molecule A()with another molecule B(),the molecule A shows higher toxicity than the molecule B.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】14、问题：The majority of chemicals that are toxic to aquatic species are toxic by specific toxicity.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】15、问题：The introduction of O is particularly important for
46、biodegradation,because the 1st step of biodegradation is some kind of oxidation reaction which is almost always the rate limiting step.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【正确】14th Week Chapter 5 Homework 116th Week Chapter 5 Homework 316th Week Chapter 5-Unit test1、问题：Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)are frequently used
47、 as solvents in chemical reactions,which will lead to potential harmfulness to handlers and environments.From the viewpoints of green chemistry,which in the following could be used as new solvents instead of VOCs for chemical synthesis?选项：A、WaterB、Supercritical CO2C、Tetrahydrofuran(THF)D、Deep eutect
48、ics(低共熔溶剂)正确答案:【Water#Supercritical CO2#Deep eutectics(低共熔溶剂)】2、问题：We can use the following substances to replace the traditional inorganic oxidants such as CrO3,KMnO4,and HNO3 in cleaner oxidation reactions:选项：A、H2O2B、Lattice oxygenC、N2OD、O2正确答案:【H2O2#Lattice oxygen#N2O#O2】3、问题：The use of catalysts
49、 is preferred in green chemistry because of the following reasons:选项：A、Increase the selectivity of a special productB、Promote the chemical processesC、Reduce environmental pollutionsD、Activate new starting materials正确答案:【Increase the selectivity of a special product#Promote the chemical processes#Red
50、uce environmental pollutions#Activate new starting materials】4、问题：Considering the food requirement,the following biomass resources could be used as the chemical feedstocks for producing fine chemicals and liquid fuels:选项：A、Woody wastesB、MicroalgaeC、WheatD、Rice正确答案:【Woody wastes#Microalgae】5、问题：Catal
