1、TEM-4Listening Comprehension讲座主要内容讲座主要内容 一、听写技巧二、对话理解的八大常考题型三、短文听力常考题型四、短文听力语流信号词 五、新闻听力7大题型分解六、专四听力快速做题小技巧 一、一、英语专业四级听写备考技巧英语专业四级听写备考技巧1 1 非语言能力方面：非语言能力方面：非语言能力方面：非语言能力方面：加强记忆和速记能力。有时候，听的内容都懂了，加强记忆和速记能力。有时候，听的内容都懂了，加强记忆和速记能力。有时候，听的内容都懂了，加强记忆和速记能力。有时候，听的内容都懂了，但由于记忆的问题或时间的问题没写下来，因此在平时但由于记忆的问题或时间的问题没写
2、下来，因此在平时但由于记忆的问题或时间的问题没写下来，因此在平时但由于记忆的问题或时间的问题没写下来，因此在平时的训练中，有意识地不是以单个的词而是的训练中，有意识地不是以单个的词而是的训练中，有意识地不是以单个的词而是的训练中，有意识地不是以单个的词而是以意群为单位以意群为单位以意群为单位以意群为单位进行理解和记忆；在短暂的停顿空间，如果时间来不及，进行理解和记忆；在短暂的停顿空间，如果时间来不及，进行理解和记忆；在短暂的停顿空间，如果时间来不及，进行理解和记忆；在短暂的停顿空间，如果时间来不及，可以选用自己熟悉的可以选用自己熟悉的可以选用自己熟悉的可以选用自己熟悉的缩写形式或符号记录缩写形
3、式或符号记录缩写形式或符号记录缩写形式或符号记录，等以后有时，等以后有时，等以后有时，等以后有时间时再复原。这种速记能力也要靠平时的多练，才能获间时再复原。这种速记能力也要靠平时的多练，才能获间时再复原。这种速记能力也要靠平时的多练，才能获间时再复原。这种速记能力也要靠平时的多练，才能获得。得。得。得。英语专业四级听写备考技巧英语专业四级听写备考技巧1 1 非语言能力方面：非语言能力方面：非语言能力方面：非语言能力方面：充分利用听写的朗读方式，选用相应的书写技巧。充分利用听写的朗读方式，选用相应的书写技巧。充分利用听写的朗读方式，选用相应的书写技巧。充分利用听写的朗读方式，选用相应的书写技巧。
4、如：在听如：在听如：在听如：在听第一遍第一遍第一遍第一遍时，重点听主题思想，重点词，掌握全时，重点听主题思想，重点词，掌握全时，重点听主题思想，重点词，掌握全时，重点听主题思想，重点词，掌握全局概念；第二遍和第三遍是以句子为单位重复的，以意局概念；第二遍和第三遍是以句子为单位重复的，以意局概念；第二遍和第三遍是以句子为单位重复的，以意局概念；第二遍和第三遍是以句子为单位重复的，以意群为单位停顿的，在听群为单位停顿的，在听群为单位停顿的，在听群为单位停顿的，在听第二遍第二遍第二遍第二遍录音时，因时间关系，不录音时，因时间关系，不录音时，因时间关系，不录音时，因时间关系，不可能一字一字地全部写下，
5、所以要分清主次信息，重点可能一字一字地全部写下，所以要分清主次信息，重点可能一字一字地全部写下，所以要分清主次信息，重点可能一字一字地全部写下，所以要分清主次信息，重点抓抓抓抓句型结构和关键词句型结构和关键词句型结构和关键词句型结构和关键词等，在听等，在听等，在听等，在听第三遍第三遍第三遍第三遍时，再把其它次要时，再把其它次要时，再把其它次要时，再把其它次要信息如修饰语信息如修饰语信息如修饰语信息如修饰语定冠词等遗漏内容补上；在听最后一遍定冠词等遗漏内容补上；在听最后一遍定冠词等遗漏内容补上；在听最后一遍定冠词等遗漏内容补上；在听最后一遍（四遍）时最后仔细核对。（四遍）时最后仔细核对。（四遍）
6、时最后仔细核对。（四遍）时最后仔细核对。英语专业四级听写备考技巧英语专业四级听写备考技巧1 1 非语言能力方面：非语言能力方面：非语言能力方面：非语言能力方面：根据评分方式，学会根据评分方式，学会根据评分方式，学会根据评分方式，学会取舍取舍取舍取舍。因为听写的评分不是根。因为听写的评分不是根。因为听写的评分不是根。因为听写的评分不是根据写出的单词个数多少而是以是否表达清楚原文的主要据写出的单词个数多少而是以是否表达清楚原文的主要据写出的单词个数多少而是以是否表达清楚原文的主要据写出的单词个数多少而是以是否表达清楚原文的主要意思为依据，然后以是否有小的错误，如单复数意思为依据，然后以是否有小的错
7、误，如单复数意思为依据，然后以是否有小的错误，如单复数意思为依据，然后以是否有小的错误，如单复数大小大小大小大小写写写写定冠词等分层次扣分，也就是说，扣分有主要和次定冠词等分层次扣分，也就是说，扣分有主要和次定冠词等分层次扣分，也就是说，扣分有主要和次定冠词等分层次扣分，也就是说，扣分有主要和次要信息之分，因此听的时候也要分清重点和非重点；另要信息之分，因此听的时候也要分清重点和非重点；另要信息之分，因此听的时候也要分清重点和非重点；另要信息之分，因此听的时候也要分清重点和非重点；另外听写的全部内容根据意群分成外听写的全部内容根据意群分成外听写的全部内容根据意群分成外听写的全部内容根据意群分成
8、1515分，每个意群最多扣分，每个意群最多扣分，每个意群最多扣分，每个意群最多扣一分，如果在听的过程中有个别词或词组一下反应不出一分，如果在听的过程中有个别词或词组一下反应不出一分，如果在听的过程中有个别词或词组一下反应不出一分，如果在听的过程中有个别词或词组一下反应不出来，就不要苦苦纠缠单个的词，要跟着录音进行下一意来，就不要苦苦纠缠单个的词，要跟着录音进行下一意来，就不要苦苦纠缠单个的词，要跟着录音进行下一意来，就不要苦苦纠缠单个的词，要跟着录音进行下一意群的听写，避免个别词或句的错漏影响对其它内容的听群的听写，避免个别词或句的错漏影响对其它内容的听群的听写，避免个别词或句的错漏影响对其它
9、内容的听群的听写，避免个别词或句的错漏影响对其它内容的听音。音。音。音。英语专业四级听写备考技巧英语专业四级听写备考技巧1 1 非语言能力方面：非语言能力方面：非语言能力方面：非语言能力方面：在检查时：再次提醒各位注意非常易错的地方。在检查时：再次提醒各位注意非常易错的地方。在检查时：再次提醒各位注意非常易错的地方。在检查时：再次提醒各位注意非常易错的地方。小错类：拼写，大小写，单复数小错类：拼写，大小写，单复数小错类：拼写，大小写，单复数小错类：拼写，大小写，单复数大错类：时态，大移位。（即句子出现词汇位置的错位大错类：时态，大移位。（即句子出现词汇位置的错位大错类：时态，大移位。（即句子出
10、现词汇位置的错位大错类：时态，大移位。（即句子出现词汇位置的错位另外，卷面的整洁与清晰都会给你增加得分的可能。另外，卷面的整洁与清晰都会给你增加得分的可能。另外，卷面的整洁与清晰都会给你增加得分的可能。另外，卷面的整洁与清晰都会给你增加得分的可能。英语专业四级听写备考技巧英语专业四级听写备考技巧2 2 语言知识方面：首先，必须提高听力水平，熟悉英美国语言知识方面：首先，必须提高听力水平，熟悉英美国语言知识方面：首先，必须提高听力水平，熟悉英美国语言知识方面：首先，必须提高听力水平，熟悉英美国家的说话发音的不同方式，语音语调；其次对于大纲中所列家的说话发音的不同方式，语音语调；其次对于大纲中所列
11、家的说话发音的不同方式，语音语调；其次对于大纲中所列家的说话发音的不同方式，语音语调；其次对于大纲中所列单词和短语，不仅要认知，而且会熟练拼写；由于朗读中没单词和短语，不仅要认知，而且会熟练拼写；由于朗读中没单词和短语，不仅要认知，而且会熟练拼写；由于朗读中没单词和短语，不仅要认知，而且会熟练拼写；由于朗读中没有念出分段或标点，因此考生听后，要根据对篇章的理解来有念出分段或标点，因此考生听后，要根据对篇章的理解来有念出分段或标点，因此考生听后，要根据对篇章的理解来有念出分段或标点，因此考生听后，要根据对篇章的理解来判断选择。另外考生可以利用二读三读时的停顿，一般地说，判断选择。另外考生可以利用
12、二读三读时的停顿，一般地说，判断选择。另外考生可以利用二读三读时的停顿，一般地说，判断选择。另外考生可以利用二读三读时的停顿，一般地说，二读时二读时二读时二读时，某个意群如有停顿，接下去是另一意群，那么两者，某个意群如有停顿，接下去是另一意群，那么两者，某个意群如有停顿，接下去是另一意群，那么两者，某个意群如有停顿，接下去是另一意群，那么两者之间可能有符号，如逗号，也可能没有，要看两者的关系，之间可能有符号，如逗号，也可能没有，要看两者的关系，之间可能有符号，如逗号，也可能没有，要看两者的关系，之间可能有符号，如逗号，也可能没有，要看两者的关系，若是若是若是若是回读（三读）该意群回读（三读）该
13、意群回读（三读）该意群回读（三读）该意群，那么这之后肯定是表示完整的一，那么这之后肯定是表示完整的一，那么这之后肯定是表示完整的一，那么这之后肯定是表示完整的一句结束了，因此最有可能是句号。此外，要充分利用语法知句结束了，因此最有可能是句号。此外，要充分利用语法知句结束了，因此最有可能是句号。此外，要充分利用语法知句结束了，因此最有可能是句号。此外，要充分利用语法知识进行分析，如识进行分析，如识进行分析，如识进行分析，如单复数是否一致单复数是否一致单复数是否一致单复数是否一致上下文时态是否相配上下文时态是否相配上下文时态是否相配上下文时态是否相配大大大大小写是否恰当小写是否恰当小写是否恰当小写
14、是否恰当介词搭配介词搭配介词搭配介词搭配或或或或词语用法词语用法词语用法词语用法是否合乎规范是否合乎规范是否合乎规范是否合乎规范前后语前后语前后语前后语意内容是否通顺意内容是否通顺意内容是否通顺意内容是否通顺等。等。等。等。二、二、对话理解的八大常考题型题型一：主旨要义题题型一：主旨要义题题型二：身份职业题题型二：身份职业题题型三：地点方位题题型三：地点方位题题型四：时间、数字计算题题型四：时间、数字计算题题型五：事实推理题题型五：事实推理题题型六：观点态度题题型六：观点态度题题型七：是非判断题题型七：是非判断题题型八：语调、语气题题型八：语调、语气题一.对话部分应试技巧 职业,地点,身份题例
15、:John is probably a_.A.nurse B.doctor C.lawyer D.saleswoman录音:John is in hospital.Id like to send her a handbag she can use later in the law office where she is employed.虚拟语气题1)公式化虚拟 由if引导的条件句与主句间的动词相互制约的关系例:What is said about Harrys brother?A.He is happy with his job.B.He is a very ambitious man.C.
16、He is too ambitious to be an engine driver.D.He doesnt like to be an engine driver.录音:Harrys brother would not remain an engine driver if he were ambitious.2)在wish,if only,it is(high,good)time,would rather,prefer,as if/as though 等后边跟的从句中,多用动词过去式表示虚拟.例:What is the cause of their complaint?A.the place
17、 B.the heat C.the workload D.the facilities 录音:Woman:Its so hot today,I cant work.I wish the air-conditioning were on in this library.Man:So do I.I will fall asleep if I dont get out of this stuffy room soon.3)should+动词原形(should可省略)的形式,多出现在表示建议,命令,请求,要求,坚持要求,渴望等类词后边的从句中.形容词,副词比较级的相互转换1)用原级表达比较级含义.Th
18、is biography isnt half as well-written as the last one I read.2)通过比较级表示最高级含义.例:What happened to Mr.Hunts project?A.It was fairly successful.B.It was hard and futile.C.It failed for lack of fund.D.It stopped for lack of land.录音:Woman:How does Mr.Hunts project turn out?I heard he had trouble with fina
19、ncing,and he then he couldnt get the land he wanted.Man:Its true.He did have difficulties at first.But all in all,the project couldnt have turned out better.3)比较级,最高级表示否定含义.例:The mail service between NY and LA should be better.What do you think of the film you watched last night?Nothing could be wor
20、se.Typing the essay is the least of worries.计算题例:The speaker was _ minutes late.A.50 B.15 C.30 D.10录音:I woke up at 8:30,knowing that the appointment was at 9:45.But despite of all my plans,I still got there at 10:00.推理判断题例:What are the man and woman doing?A.Listening to the radio B.Looking at the ph
21、otosC.Watching televisionD.Reading a newspaper录音:W:There must be a thunderstorm in some place,because the picture isnt very sharp and the sound isnt clear.M:I think youre right.They said on the radio last night that a storm was coming in from the mountains and the morning paper forecast heavy rain.观
22、点态度题 例:what does the man think of the womans clothing?录音:W:Ill wear this blue jacket.I like the color on me,dont you think?M:I think it looks terrific on you really.否定题常见的含有否定含义的词:rarely,scarcely,hardly,seldom,little,beyond,deny,cancel,cease,miss,instead of,rather than,in vain etc.例:There is no one
23、who doesnt have an opinion about something.情态动词+动词完成时表达与事实相反的内涵:shouldnt have done should have doneneednt have donemight have done sth.特殊的英文数字表达 时时间间：five 0clock sharp(5点点整整)；on the dot(整整点点)；the day before yesterday(前前天天)；the day after tomorrow(后后天天)；the other day(几几天天前前)；some day(将将来来的的某某一一天天)；eve
24、ry other day(每每隔隔一一天天)；this time next week(下下周周此此时时)；a fortnight(十十四四天天，两两周周)；weekly(每每周周)；monthly(每每月月)；quarterly(每每季季)yearlyannually(每每年年)；a decade(十十年年)；BC(公元前公元前);数数字字：one halfa half(二二分分之之一一)；one and half(一一又又二二分分之之一一)；a quarterone fourth(四四分分之之一一)；five sixths(六六分分之之五五)；zero point five(05)；one
25、point five two(152)；a couple of(两两个个)；million(百百万万)；billion(十亿十亿)。Dozen(12);货货币币：a dollara buck(一一美美元元)；five centsa nickel(5美美分分)；a dime(一一角角硬硬币币)；a quartertwenty five cents(二二十十五五美美分分)；a pound(一一英英镑镑)；pennypl(penniespence)(便士便士);有有关关计计算算的的表表达达：plusaddaddition(加加)；minustake off(减减)；multiply(乘乘)；divi
26、de(除除)；double(翻翻倍倍)；triple(增增加加到到三三倍倍)；two more(多多两两个个)；three less(少少三三个个)；half the price(半半价价)；thirty percent offdiscount of 30(打七折打七折)；at l5discount(打八五折打八五折).是非判断题的特定标志是非判断题的特定标志EXCEPTIs Not TrueIs CorrectIs IncorrectIs Not Mentioned典型例题（2010年真题）1.The following details have been checked during th
27、e conversation EXCEPT A.number of travelers.B.number of tour days.C.flight details.D.room services.3.Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A.The traveler is reluctant to buy travel insurance.B.The traveler is ready to buy travel insurance.C.The traveler doesnt have to buy travel insurance.D.T
28、ravel insurance is not mentioned in the conversation.典型例题（2010年真题）4.Which of the following details is CORRECT?A.Mark knows the exact number of airport buses.B.Mark knows the exact number of delegates spouse.C.Mark doesnt know the exact number of delegates yet.D.Mark doesnt know the number of guest s
29、peakers.典型例题（2010年真题）13.International students can receive all the following types of financial assistance EXCEPT A.federal loans.B.private loans.C.scholarships.D.monthly payment plans.19.Which of the following details about Family Health International is INCORRECT?A.It is a nonprofit organization.B
30、.It provides public health services.C.It carries out research on public health.D.It has worked in five countries 典型例题（2010年真题）25.The following are involved in the operations to rescue the children in Honduras EXCEPT A.the police.B.the district attorney.C.the prison authorities.D.Institute of Childho
31、od and Family.30.Which of the following details in the news is CORRECT?A.The rescue operation involved many people.B.The cause of the explosions has been determined.C.Rescue efforts were stopped on Thursday.D.The explosions didnt destroy the building.三、短文听力常考题型中心思想题中心思想题(测试文章的主题思想）事实细节题事实细节题对错判断题对错判
32、断题推理推测题推理推测题时间数字计算题时间数字计算题四、短文听力语流信号词表示赞许、肯定：sure,certainly,congratulations,great,terrific,of course,why not表示否定、不同意：no,but,not really,nevertheless表示转话题：sorry,however,no the other hand,on the contrary,but,yet,nevertheless,despite,in spite of,besides表示主观意愿：would rather,prefer to,had better,Cannot you
33、 do?Why not do?If I were you I should do ,Youd better do ,Lets do ,Shouldnt you do ,You may as well do 表示态度或建议：believe,think,propose,suggest,assume,claim,lets ,why not ,shall we ,what/how about ,what do you think of ,if I were you,Id,The fact is ,The problem is ,But the truth is 表示结论：therefore,thus,
34、in conclusion,as a result,in summary,to sum up,in short短文听力语流信号词表示比较：asas,not asas,better than,be superior to,notbetter,prefer to do sth.,prefer doing sth.,preferto,would ratherthan,like nothing better than，prefer.rather than,more or less,the morethe more(less),more than,more.than,favorite表示价格：regul
35、ar price,normal price，a good buy,a better buy,an excellent price,a good price/bargain,bargain price，sale price,on sale barrage sale,Christmas sale,special price表示虚拟：wish,would rather,if only,prefer,it is(high,about,good)time,as if,as though短文听力语流信号词表示因果关系：because,as,since,for,so,now that,and,therefo
36、re,so.that,suchthat,because of,due to,owing to,thanks to,on account of,as a result of,cause,produce,result in,result from,be brought about by,occur from,be attributable to,give rise to表示让步：although,though,even if,even though,even so,unless,in spite of,no matter,whatever,wherever,whenever,whether,but
37、,as表示推断：therefore,thus,as a result五、新闻报道题型特点和应试技巧新闻题型特点新闻结构特点倒金字塔法(the inverted pyramid form):按新闻事实内容和重要性递减的顺序来安排全文。时间倒顺法(chronological style):按事件发生时间的先后顺序来报道的.多见于体育比赛,文艺比赛,灾难,交通事故以及犯罪案件等。新闻的结构特点1.Chronological Method(体育报道,犯罪经过,名人讣告)2.Inverted Pyramid 新闻句法特点:简洁句;合并句子例:Andrew P.OrRourke,the Republica
38、n candidate for governor,said yesterday that he would withdraw from a televised debate with Governor Cuomo if the candidate of the New Alliance Party,which he accused of extremist views,participates.新闻词汇特点(1)旧词添新义 Sept.11th(2)合成新词 electronic wallet;sit-in(3)派生新词 ecodisaster(4)外来词 judo;karate;kungfu新
39、闻听力7大题型分解硬新闻（hard news）和软新闻（soft news）两大类英语新闻的5个要素（who,what,when,where,why/how）新闻听力归纳为“以人为主”和“以事为主”的两大新闻句型，即：News Involving People:Who did or said what?why does he or she do so or say so?News Involving Incidents:What happened at what time and where or how did it happen?新闻7大题型分解 1）Talks and Meeting【考
40、点要素】【句型表达】A arrives in +where +when +for talks with B+on/about/over +the issue/problem Country A+person A+met briefly/officially/formally with country B+person B +where +when Country A remains/keeps diplomatic/business relationship with country B +despite(in spite of)disagreement over the matter of
41、The 2 or 3 leaders of the countries try to reconcile some of the different issues/disputes with the third country over the matter/issue of The talks are going/expected to cover The talks will include the issue of This is the first time for sb.to visit +where +for/since +时间长度The 2 leaders are expecte
42、d to focus on the issues/matters of+会谈话题新闻7大题型分解2)Disaster News【考点要素】【句型表达】The disaster happened +the time +when 从句 +during At least/almost/nearly/about +数字 people were killed and more than +数字people were injured/bombed/hurt/missing in a +某种性质的灾难 +where某种性质的灾难+时间+occurred+whereSeveral investigations
43、 have begun into +某种性质的灾难，but there is still no report about the death and the missing/there are still some disputes over the extra number of the persons who died/was hurt/was missing in the disasterThe disaster places the death toll at +数字+people injured and +数字+killedThe rescue team/group entered
44、dangerous areas near +事件或灾难发生地+to search for +数字+people,more than +数字+reported missing after +某种性质的灾难新闻7大题型分解 3)Business and Economy【考点要素】【句型表达】the name of the organization/institution/authorities +began debates/discussion +时间+over/about/on +某政策+to wage/income/salary increases are keeping path with
45、+某个指数 the unemployment rate +in +某国家+of +%+resulted in +某个原因+is possible the Federal Reserve will rise in the interest rate+of事件 the inflation rate mounts about +%+every year/annually;the inflation rate rises to how much%by the end of +年份 exports or economists predict a raising threat of inflation +
46、a because of a strong wage growth/a rising labor market4)Fighting and Conflicts【考点要素】【句型表达】数字 +persons +are going to take part in +某类型的冲突对抗+地点 +to 目的或要求 People went to the street in at least +数字+地点+时间+to do+目的或要求 Speakers and the demonstrators called on sb to impose an economical sanction/trade agai
47、nst +某国家/某政府+until offices reports said that +数字+policemen were injured and more than +数字+persons demonstrators arrested/detained There are no figures on the members of protesters arrested/detained There are no immediate reports on injures in+某冲突 Authority reports that +数字+persons were detained The
48、protesters were demanding a +某个要求 The protest was ended at pressure into doing sth.They were demonstrating against +a plan/policy +to do sth.people have continued to protest demonstrations against +某人或某件事5)Diplomatic Relations or International Affairs【考点要素】【句型表达】the name of the organization/institut
49、ion has promised/agreed to improve +a project/plan/policy +时间 机构或组织 says +相关疾病+keeps on in epidemic proportions +地点 +时间 机构或组织 reported a strict treatment could help slash the number of +相关疾病的死亡比率 +地点 +时间By a vote of +大数目 +to +小数目,with +数字 +abstentions,the name of the organization/institution +urged/
50、called on +地点+to stop producing biology weapons6）Space Report【考点要素】【句型表达】飞船或宇航器名称 made a +adj.landing at +where +on date 飞船或宇航器名称 stop/stay/end +a 10-day mission to where 飞船或宇航器名称 has postponed/delayed/cancelled the shuttles return to+place机构或太空站 made a good preparation for/gave the green light for/
