1、2018年佛山市普通高中高三教学质量检测（一） 英 语 2018.1本试卷共9页,满分120分,考试用时120分钟。注意事项:1、本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A) 填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2、答选择题时,选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对于应题目选项的答题信息点涂黑；如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答
2、案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上，如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案，不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4、老生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑AHere are four homes for sale around the U. S. with links to past, present and future presidents, as well as the
3、ir close families.John F. Kennedys Weekend RetreatA modest farm near Middleburg, Virginia, was built by John F Kennedy and his wife in the early 1960s. The former first lady designed it herself. The four-bedroom property is currently back on the market for $5.95 million, decreased by $2 million comp
4、ared with 2015. It was $10.99 million when it first was put up for sale in 2013.Jackie Kennedys Summer HouseAnother Kennedy-linked property for sale is the Lasata estate in the Hamptons, designed by architect Arthur C. Jackson and built in 1917. Set on more than seven acres of land near the ocean, i
5、t includes a 10-bedroom house that was restored in 2007, including a three-car garage building. Its on the market for $38.9 million, a little bit higher than last year.Chester A. Arthurs Summer White HouseChester A. Arthur, who became the 21st president in 1881, spent some of his down time here. The
6、 three-story, six-bedroom Victorian mansion, which was built in 1796 and has been recently restored, is for sale with a $14. 2 million price tag, down from $20 million in 2015. Features include a library with fireplace, a formal dining and living room and a family room overlooking the garden and the
7、 swimming pool.President Obamas Summer RentalThis Marthas Vineyard home served as the summer White House to President Obama. It is currently for sale for S19. 1 million, down from S22.5 million in July 2015. Set on nine acres of land and with its own private road, this property no doubt acted as a p
8、erfect summer hideaway for those who didnt want their every movement seen. In addition to privacy, other features include a heated pool, half-basketball court, outdoor terraces and a two-bedroom guest cottage21. Which house has the longest history?A. President Obamas Summer RentalB. Jackie Kennedys
9、Summer HouseC. Chester A. Arthurs Summer White HouseD. John F. Kennedys Weekend Retreat22. What is the feature of President Obamas Summer Rental?A. Privacy B. Architecture C. Location D. Price.23. What do the four houses have in common?A. Their prices are going down these years.B. They have connecti
10、ons with US presidents.C. They have a history of more than a century.D. They have more than 5 bedrooms in the house.BIt was just one word in one email, but it caused huge financial losses for a multinational company. The message, written in English, was sent by a native speaker to a colleague for wh
11、om English was a second language. Unsure of the word. the receiver found two contradictory meanings in his dictionary. He acted on the wrong one. Months later, senior management investigated why the project had failed, costing hundreds of thousands of dollars.When such misunderstandings happen, its
12、usually the native speakers who are to blame. Ironically, they are worse at delivering their message than people who speak English as a second or third language.A lot of native speakers are happy that English has become the worlds global language. They dont feel the need to accommodate or adapt to o
13、thers. They often talk too fast for others to follow and use jokes, slang, short forms and references specific to their own culture. The first time I worked in an international institution, somebody said ETA 16: 53 and I thought What the hell is ETA? , says Michael Blatter, an executive in an intern
14、ational company.And then theres cultural style. When a British reacts to a proposal by saying thats interesting, a fellow British might recognize this as thats rubbish But other nationalities would take the word interesting on face value.Also, lots of the information is not fully understood because
15、of the complex language native speakers use. Too many non-native speakers, especially the Asians and the French, are too concerned about not “losing face” and nod approvingly while not getting the message at all, because of which, the native speakers continue delivering information that makes little
16、 sense to them. The information gap is unnoticed and keeps widening.Native speakers should communicate efficiently with simple language. When trying to communicate in English with a group of people with different levels of fluency, its important for native speakers to make the same point in a couple
17、 of different ways and ask for some acknowledgement, reaction and action, to know whether theyve been understood or not.24. The first paragraph of the passage is written to_.A. tell readers an interesting storyB. introduce the topic of the passageC. state the importance of EnglishD. show an example
18、of communication25. What can we learn about Michael?A. He thinks British people talk too fastB. He feels no need to adapt to othersC. Hes not a native English speaker.D. He finds British culture hard to understand26. What might cause the Asians and the French to “lose face” according to the passage?
19、A. Being unable to use complex languageB. Being non-native English speakersC. Failing to understand native speakersD. Nodding approvingly while listening27. Native speakers are advised to ask for listeners acknowledgement in order to_.A. talk to a group of people at the same timeB. learn about liste
20、ners levels of fluencyC. get suggestions from listenersD. check listeners understandingCScientists have identified the order of the gene of the giraffe for the first time to help explain how the tallest animals on earth developed their remarkably long necks.Being a giraffe is not easy. To pump blood
21、 two meters up from the chest to the brain calls for a powerful heart and twice the blood pressure of other mammals. Giraffes also need special safety system to let them bend down for a drink and raise their heads again without feeling dizzy.The animals unique body structure has long been a puzzle f
22、or biologists, including Charles Darwin. Now, by comparing the gene of the giraffe with its closest relative, the short-necked okapi, scientists have solved part of the puzzle by studying changes in a small number of genes responsible both for regulating body shape and circulation. This suggests tha
23、t the development of a long neck and a powerful heart went hand in hand, driven by a relatively small number of genetic changes.The interpretation of the genetic factors behind the giraffes remarkable heart system could also be instructive for human health, since the animals appear to avoid the kind
24、 of organ damage often found in people with high blood pressure.The more fundamental question of why giraffes developed their long necks remains open, however. The apparently self-evident idea that it was to reach ever-higher food supplies has been challenged in the past 20 years by a competing beli
25、ef that it is actually due to competition among fighting males for females.Unlike long-necked birds, which have additional vertebrae (椎骨), giraffes have the same seven vertebrae found in all mammals, although theirs are greatly extended. 28. A strong heart is very important for a giraffe because it_
26、.A. pumps blood to the brain high above its bodyB. keeps the blood pressure at a normal levelC. helps the giraffe find a drink at lower placesD. keeps the giraffe safe in different environments29. Scientists compare the gene of the giraffe and the short-necked okapi because the latter_.A. has a quit
27、e special body structureB. is a puzzle worth further studyC. is in the same family as the giraffeD. has gone through few genetic changes30. Which possibly caused the giraffe to develop a long neck?A. Its favorite food at high placesB. Its attempts to attract femalesC. Its need to avoid organ damage.
28、D. Its greatly-extended vertebrae31. Whats the authors purpose of writing this passage?A. To introduce a new finding of science.B. To explain genetic changes in animals.C. To describe giraffes body structure.D. To challenge a belief of twenty years.DBetty smiths first novel, A Tree Grows in Brooklyn
29、, became immediately popular when it was published in 1943. The story is set in the years of 1900 to 1920. It tells of Francie Nolan and her parents, who were born to immigrants, and their struggle to provide for their family. Smith says she based the story on her own experiences growing up in the n
30、eighborhood of Williamsburg in Brooklyn, a borough of New York City. Its widely believed that the character of Francie is based on Smith.The tree of the books title refers to the big Tree of Heaven which grows near the familys apartment building, despite attempts to get rid of it. Its a symbol for F
31、rancie herself. Francie is determined to survive and improve her life, despite things that get in her way: her father is an alcoholic and dies, her mother doesnt care about Francies dreams and her family is almost constantly poor.The novel tells the story of how Francies parents, Johnny and Katie No
32、lan, met as teenagers. Katie later became pregnant, and they married before either of them had turned 20. Despite his charm and good nature, Johnny is an alcoholic who cant hold a job. Katie supports the family by cleaning apartment buildings. This went against tradition, as the man was usually the
33、one with the job who provided for the family. Francie enjoys learning, and idolizes her father, who shares her dreamy nature and vivid imagination. He lies to get Francie into a better school, realizing its what will make her happiest.Readers experience the scenes in Brooklyn from Francies point of
34、view. She observes the neighborhoods people and events from the fire escape outside the familys apartment.Family plays a key role throughout A Tree Grows in Brooklyn. Katie tries hard to provide for her family when Johnny cant. The children work after-school jobs to support their mother after Johnny
35、 dies. Additionally, Francie sacrifices her savings to send her brother to school.Smiths book is still a popular read for many young women even though its more than 70 years old.32. Which of the following is TRUE about A Tree Grows in Brooklyn?A. It is an autobiography of Betty SmithB. It is Betty s
36、miths most popular bookC. It sets the story in New York in the 1940sD. It tells of immigrants life in New York33. What role does the Tree of Heaven play in Francies life?A. It accompanies her growthB. It represents her struggle in lifeC. It contributes to her successD. It makes her dream come true34
37、. The underlined word This refers to the fact that_.A. Johnny was charming and had good natureB. Johnny married Katie before they were 20C. Katie worked as a cleaner in department buildingsD. Katie supported the family instead of Johnny35. What message does Betty Smith try to convey in A Tree Grows
38、in Brooklyn?A. Family support is of significanceB. Men should support their familiesC. Immigrants in the US got married earlyD. Good imagination makes a great writer第二节(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Food is a very important and necessary part of our lives.We eat food becau
39、se we need it to live. It gives us the nutrients that we need for our bodies to grow. _36_. If we are happy, we eat; if we are sad, we eat; boredom, depression, and loneliness are other reasons that we eat. _37_. When we have friends or family over, we usually have some form of food to offer them, w
40、hether it is a light snack or a full meal_38_. Many of us like certain foods because we have been raised eating those foods. In many cases, whatever our parents eat or like to eat is what we eventually enjoy eating. The region where we live as well as economics determines much of our food selection.
41、 If we lived in China we would eat a lot of rice because it is what is grown there. _39_.Food is also a part of our many celebrations. However, the way that food is used in celebrations varies from home to home, and country to country _40_. To understand why different foods are used in different cel
42、ebrations, we need to understand a little about culture and how it could affect the foods we use.A. Also, we use food for our social needsB. Very often, we eat food for psychological reasonsC. Nowadays many people choose to eat healthy food.D. It is affected by different cultures around the worldE.
43、So our back ground and environment play a great role in what we eat.F. Cheap food in one country may be quite expensive in another country.G. The food that we choose to eat is selected for a number of different reasons.第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题:每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选
44、出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。My grandfather gave me the world when he gave me his love. He would have done anything for me, and he was 41 to busy himself with some project meant for my 42 .Summer months meant that I could have more fun on my grandfathers farm away from the 43 of city life. Only a twent
45、y-minute drive from our home, my mother often made the44 with me into the company of my 45.On one visit that was meant to be short, I enjoyed my childish happiness by 46 snacks and drinks outside my grandparents house, where other children 47 to visit friends and family. I was 48 counting the little
46、 change though it was far from the aim of my 49. My enthusiasm was disappearing, however, when my mother approached to remind me of an appointment I knew I would not be 50 to miss. But who will sit at my lemonade stand? I asked mum, unwilling to 51.I guess you will have to pack it away until another
47、 day, she replied with 52 . Mournfully, I began to obey, 53 packing up my lemonade stand.From the 54, where I could be seen through the window, Grandpa came stepping across the grass. He 55 touched my cheek with a rough finger, put my lemonade stand back, seated himself in the chair and 56 a newspap
48、er. It is a 57 day for lemonade, he said, “Hurry back and well share some.When we 58 later that day, Grandpa was still at my post. In the small box where I had begun to place my 59 was more change than could be accounted for even if the 60 village showed up for a drink41. A. kindB. willingC. relaxed D privileged42. A. birthdayB. love C. world D happiness43. A boredom B. diversity C. amusement D laziness44. A. trip B. drink C.
