1、KET 语法备考宝典Key for SchoolsKET 语法备考宝典 1 Key for Schools (KET) 100 个高频词汇序号单词释义（KET 中常见解析）是否能认读“”1relaxing令人放松的2disappointed失望的3pleased满意的4enjoyable愉快的5comfortable舒服的6amazing令人惊讶的7fabulous极好的8popular受欢迎的9dull枯燥的10fashionable时髦的11sociable社交的；好交际的12useful有用的13important重要的14awesome极好的15special特别的16fantasti
2、c极好的17cheap便宜的18agree同意19disagree不同意20striped有条纹的1KET 语法备考宝典 2 序号单词释义（KET 中常见解析）是否能认读“”21spotted有斑点的22warning警告23credit card信用卡24cash现金25competition竞赛26match比赛27teenager青少年28race比赛29instead代替；反而30exit出口31entry ticket门票32lend借出33borrow借入34available可用的35discount打折36adult成年人37area地区，范围38entrance入口39mes
3、sage信息40offer提供41pupil小学生2KET 语法备考宝典 3 序号单词释义（KET 中常见解析）是否能认读“”42exhibition展览43advertisement广告44equipment设备45website网站46prize奖品47coach大巴车48stairs楼梯49broken坏的50include包括51return返回52staff员工53receive收到54project项目55price价格56special特殊的57free免费的58usual通常的59explain解释60enough足够的61at least至少62for sale出售3KET
4、语法备考宝典 4 序号单词释义（KET 中常见解析）是否能认读“”63suggest建议64ask问；叫65tell告诉66spend花费（主语人）67pay花费（主语人）68cost花费（主语物）69take花费（主语物）70join加入71as soon as一就72although/though尽管73at last最后74finally最后75plan计划76invite邀请77show演出；表明78arrive到达79collect收集；聚集80advice建议81career职业；事业82business生意；事业83improve提高；改善4KET 语法备考宝典 5 序号单词释义
5、（KET 中常见解析）是否能认读“”84article文章85company公司；陪伴86perhaps也许87decide决定88extra额外的89explore探索90especially尤其地91exactly恰好地；正确地92against反对；紧靠93believe相信；认为94pick up挑选；接某人95even甚至96still仍然97quite非常98several几个的99danger危险100service服务使用方法：学生可先挡住中文意思，测试是否能说出中文意思，如正确，可以在最后一栏打“”；最后重点知记生词。5KET 语法备考宝典 6 KET 高频语法时态一般现在时
6、一般过去时现在进行时现在完成时一般将来时过去进行时词法连词介词代词数词冠词句法there be 句型宾语从句比较级最高级条件状语从句定语从句反义疑问句语态被动语态6KET 语法备考宝典 7 一般现在时Alex is a bus driver, but now he is in bed asleep.He is not driving a bus. He is asleep.But he drives a bus. He is a bus driver.n 一般现在时的用法1. 一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常跟频率副词连用，按频率由高到底排列为：always usually often
7、sometimes seldom never总是常常经常有时很少从来不更多的频率副词：every morning/night/evening/day/week/year 每个早上/晚上/傍晚/天/周/年once/twice/three times a week 每周一/二/三次2. 表示现在的状态。例：Sam is a student. Sam 是一个学生。（表示 Sam 现在的身份是一个学生）7KET 语法备考宝典 8 83. 表示客观事实和普遍真理。例：The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。n 一般现在时的基本结构主语be 动词形容词名词Iamgoo
8、d at swimming.You/We/Theyareeight years old.He/She/Itisalways happy.主语实义动词其它Ilikeswimming.You/We/Theygoto school on foot.He/She/Itsingsa beautiful song.情况构成方法例词KET 语法备考宝典 9 一般情况加 -sstop-stops以o 结尾的词加-esgo-goes以 s, x, sh, ch 等结尾的词加 -eswash-washes以辅音字母+y 结尾的词变y 为i 再加 esstudy-studieshave变have 为 hashave
9、-hasn 一般现在时动词第三人称单数变形规则句子改错。1. I am like running very much.2. I am come from Guangzhou.3. What time is the bank close today?答案1. I like running very much.2. I come from Guangzhou.3. What time does the bank close today?9KET 语法备考宝典 10 现在进行时Sarah is in her car. She is on her way to work. She is driving
10、 to work.n 现在进行时的用法现在进行时表示现在（指说话人说话时） 正在发生的事情， 与现在进行时连用的时间状语有 now, at the moment, look, listen 等。过去此时此刻将来n 现在进行时的基本结构现在进行时的构成是: 主语+ be (am, is, are) + doing + 其它.主语动词其它.Iam doinghomework now.You/We/Theyare doinghomework now.He/She/Itis doinghomework now.10KET 语法备考宝典 11 n 现在进行时的时间状语1. 当句子中有now，listen
11、，look 时，常表示动作正在进行； 例：They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球。2. 表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作，且此时有 this week, these days 等时间状语；例：We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。3. 描述图片中的人物的动作，也为了表达更生动，此时也常用现在进行时。例：Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图，那些孩子正在公园放风筝。用括号里的单词的适当形式
12、填空。1. Lets go out. It(not/rain) now.2. Julia is very good at languages. She(speak) four languages very well.3. The River Nile(flow) into the Mediterranean.答案1. isnt raining2. speaks3. flows11KET 语法备考宝典 12 一般将来时n 一般将来时的概念表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。常与 tomorrow，next，in + 一段时间等表示将来的时间状语连用。过去现在将来n 一般将来时的结构1. will 结
13、构（表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态）主语be 动词其他Iwill be/wont behere tomorrow.You/We/Theyin Guangzhou soon.He/She/Ittall next year.特殊：There will be There will be a football match tomorrow afternoon.12KET 语法备考宝典 13 2. be going to 结构（表示计划、打算做某事）主语实义动词其他Iam going todance with her.You/We/Theyare going toswim together.He/She
14、/Itis going toleave soon.特殊：There is/are going to beThere is going to be a football match tomorrow.There are going to two new planes next year.3. shall 结构主语 + shall + 动词原形.shall 的主语必须是第一人称 I/wen 现在分词的变化规则规则例子一般在词尾加ingread-reading以不发音的字母e 结尾，去掉e， 再加ingmake-makingdance-dancing以辅元辅结构、重读闭音节结尾的动词，双写尾字母，再
15、加 ingput-puttingjog-jogging以ie 结尾的动词，把 ie 变成y，再加inglie-lyingtie-tying13KET 语法备考宝典 14 n 一般将来时的时间状语1. tomorrow 系列：the day after tomorrow2. next 系列：next Wednesday3. soon4. in +时间段：in 3 daysn 现在进行时可以表将来This is Bens diary for next week.He is playing tennis on Monday afternoon. He is going to the dentist
16、on Tuesday morning.He is having dinner with Kate on Friday.1. 当我们在表达“计划做某事”时，可以用进行时来表将来。Alex is getting married next month.2. 当我们描述马上要做的事情，也可以用进行时来表将来。Tina, are you ready yet? Yes, Im coming.14KET 语法备考宝典 15 单项选择题。1. She willa magazine about animals after school.A. buysB. buyC. is buyingD. going to b
17、uy2. My brotherfree tomorrow.A. will isB. isC. will beD. is being3. Hevisit Beijing with his classmates next week.A. will beB. are going toC. going toD. is going to答案1. B2. C3. D15KET 语法备考宝典 16 一般过去时Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was an Austrian musician and composer. He lived from 1756 to1791. He started
18、composing at the age of five andwrote more than 600 pieces of music. He was only35 years old when he died.n 一般过去时的概念表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。常与yesterday, ago, last系列等时间状语连用。过去现在将来n 一般过去时的基本结构主语be动词过去式其他Iwaseight years old last year.You/We/Theywerehappy at the party last night.He/She/Itwasill two days ag
19、o.主语实义动词其他Iwentto the park yesterday.You/We/Theydidnt swimlast night.He/She/Itdidnt knowthe answer this morning.16KET 语法备考宝典 17 n 一般过去时的动词形式1. 规则变化情况构成方法例词一般情况加 -eddanced, worked以不发音的e结尾的词加 -dlived, liked以辅音字母加y结尾的词y变i再加 -edcarried, studied以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的词双写这个辅音字母，再加-edstopped, planned2. 不规则变化（
20、需要特殊记忆），常见的如下：动词原形过去式动词原形过去式am/iswaseatatearewerehave/hashadreadread /e/buyboughtdodidcatchcaughtdrawdrewfeedfeddrinkdrankfeelfeltdrivedrovefindfoundn 一般过去时的时间标志词1. yesterday 系列：the day before yesterday2. ago 系列：3 days ago3. last 系列：last Wednesday4. just now 刚才5. in+过去时间：in 199417KET 语法备考宝典 18 单项选择题
21、。1. Was he at work?A. nowB. next weekC. next SundayD. yesterday2. Did Roselast Sunday?A. went swimmingB. read a bookC. taking picturesD. finds it3. Tomvery happy last night.A. looksB. isC. wasD. were答案1. D2. B3. C18KET 语法备考宝典 19 现在完成时n 现在完成时的用法1. 表示过去发生的动作对现在还有影响或结果。He has left this city. 他已经离开了这座城市
22、。（结果：他不在这座城市了） I have finished my homework. 我已经完成了作业。（结果：我可以做其他事情了）2. 表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在并且有可能会一直持续下去。I have learned English for six years. 我已经学习英语六年了。(有可能还会继续学习下去)He has lived here since he was six years old. 从他六岁起就一直在这住了。（有可能会一直在这住下去）n 现在完成时的结构句子结构举例肯定句：主语have/has +done（过去分词）+其他 I have lived here for
23、 tenyears.否定句：主语have/has+ not+ done（过去分词）+ 其他 I havent finished mywork yet.19KET 语法备考宝典 20 一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 +done （过去分词）+其他 ?肯定回答：Yes,主语have/has.否定回答：No,主语have/has not.-Have you ever been to America?-Yes, I have.- No, I havent.n 动词过去分词变化规则1. 规则变化变化规律原形过去分词一般情况下加-edplayworkplayedworked以e 结尾的词加-dli
24、velikelivedliked以辅音字母加y 结尾的词，改 y 变i 再加-edcarrystudycarriedstudied以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，要双写这个辅音字母，再加-edstopplanstoppedplanned2. 不规则变化动词原形过去式过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词am/iswasbeenbringbroughtbroughtarewerebeenbuildbuiltbuiltreadread /e/read /e/buyboughtbought20KET 语法备考宝典 21 dodiddonecatchcaughtcaughtdrawdrewdraw
25、nfeedfedfeddrinkdrankdrunkfeelfeltfeltdrivedrovedrivenfindfoundfoundeatateeatenhavehadhadfallfellfallenhearheardheardflyflewflownkeepkeptkeptgivegavegivenleaveleftleftgowentgonemakemademadegrowgrewgrownmeetmetmetknowknewknownpaypaidpaidrideroderiddensaysaidsaidringrangrungsellsoldsoldseesawseensends
26、entsentsingsangsungsitsatsatspeakspokespokensleepsleptsleptstealstolestolenspendspentspentswimswamswumstandstoodstoodtaketooktakenteachtaughttaughtwearworeworntelltoldtoldwritewrotewrittenthinkthoughtthoughtlendlentlentunderstandunderstoodunderstoodloselostlostforgetforgotforgottenbecomebecamebecome
27、getgotgotcomecamecomeshowshowedshown21KET 语法备考宝典 22 learnlearnt/learnedlearnt/learnedwakewoke/wakedwokenrunranrundreamdreamt/dreameddreamt/dreamedbeginbeganbegunbreakbrokebrokenn 现在完成时的时间状语already已经by now到目前为止yet还没just刚才so far到目前为止lately最近since自从for持续 since 和for 的区别 since+ 时间点/一般过去时句子例：since March/A
28、pril/May for+时间段例：for four monthsfor four monthssince+AprilMayJuneJuly22KET 语法备考宝典 23 already 和yet 的区别释义句式位置already已经肯定句句中yet还没/ 了吗否定句和疑问句句尾 have been to 和 have gone to 区别： have been to: AB表示曾经去过某个地方，并且已经回来了。 have gone to: AB表示去了某个地方，但还没回来。单选题。1. The man whoto you just now is Tom.A. talkedB. talking
29、C. talksD. talk2. Can you tell me the name of the factory that youlast week?A. visitsB. were visitingC. visitD. visited3. Have you everto Shanghai?A. beB. areC. beenD. was答案1. A2. D3. C23KET 语法备考宝典 24 过去进行时n 过去进行时的用法 过去某时刻正在发生的动作He was cooking at six last night. 过去某段时间持续进行的动作I was staying here from
30、March to May last year. 在复合句中，从句常用when，while 等引导，表示“当的时候” He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.其中，while 引导的从句中动词通常使用进行时。When he woke up, it was eight oclock （） While he woke up, it was eight oclock （） When I was waiting for a bus, I met her （） While I was waiting for a bus, I met her （）n 常用的过
31、去进行时时间状语 过去某一时刻：at that time，at that moment，at+时刻+yesterday，at 9 last night 等 过去某段时间：fromto+过去的时间，from March to May last year， from 8 to 9 yesterday，all the morning 等24KET 语法备考宝典 25 n 过去进行时的结构句式结构肯定句主语+was/were + doing+其它否定句主语+was/were + not + doing+其它一般疑问句及答语Was/Were+主语+doing+其它?Yes, 主语+was/were.No
32、, 主语+wasnt/werent.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句+was/were+主语+doing+其它?用所给的动词的正确形式填空。1. I(have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.2. - Was your father at home yesterday evening?- Yes, he was. He(listen) to the radio.3. He(not make) a model ship when I saw him.答案1. was having2. was listening3. wasnt making2
33、5KET 语法备考宝典 26 连词n 连词的定义及功能连词是连接词与词、短语与短语或句子与句子的一种词。连词不能单独担任句子成分，而只起连接作用。n 连词的分类并列关系and, bothand, not onlybut also, neither nor选择关系or, eitheror转折关系although, but, though, however因果关系so, becausen 并列关系1. and 表示并列和对称，“和”例：They began to sing and dance. 他们开始唱唱跳跳。2. bothand,“两者都”例：Both Lily and Lucy can sp
34、eak English. Lily 和 Lucy 都会说英文。3. not onlybut (also),“不仅而且”26KET 语法备考宝典 27 例：Fiona can play not only basketball but also volleyball.Fiona 不仅会打篮球而且会打排球。4. neithernor表示并列否定，“既不也不”或“和都不”例：Neither you nor I am wrong. 你和我都没错。n 选择关系1. or 表示选择，“或者，还是”Do you come to school by bike or by bus? 你是骑自行车还是乘公交车上学？
35、2. eitheror表示选择，“或者或者；要么要么”Either you or I have to do the housework. 或者是你或者是我，必须做家务。n 转折关系1. but 表示转折，“但是”The skirt is nice, but its too expensive. 这条裙子很漂亮，但是太贵了。2. however 表示转折，“但是”，一般放在句首，后面紧跟逗号Keeping pets is interesting. However, the cost is also high.注意：however 虽然表示转折，但并不是连词，而是副词。3. although 表示
36、“虽然”、“尽管”，一般后面紧跟一个事实 。注意：although 和 but 不可以连用。27KET 语法备考宝典 28 Although its dark outside, she walks home alone.n 因果关系1. so 表示原因；“因此，所以”He got up late, so he missed the bus. 他起床晚了，因此错过了公交汽车。2. because 表示原因；“因为”，后面一般紧跟从句They were sad because they lost the match. 因为输了比赛，所以他们很沮丧。3. because of 表示原因；“因为”，后
37、面一般紧跟名词（词组）Mary moved to Shanghai because of her family.n 连词中的就近原则 not only but alsoNot only the students but also the teacher was against the plan. neither norNeither you nor I am wrong. either orEither you or he is right.n 在写作中一定要注意：1. 在中文里我们常常说“因为所以”, 而在英语里because 和so 都表示因果，不能够用在同一个句子中，要单独使用。(X)
38、Because her Mom bought her a beautiful hat, so she was very happy.28KET 语法备考宝典 29 () Because her Mom bought her a beautiful hat, she was very happy. () Her Mom bought her a beautiful hat, so she was very happy.2. 在中文里我们常常说“虽然但是”, 而在英语里 although 和 but 都表示转折，不能够用在同一个句子中，要单独使用。(x) Although it was very hard, but he did it well. () Although it was very hard, he did it well.() It was very hard, but he did it well单项选择。(
