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2013ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel CodeA N I N T E R N A T I O N A L C O D EVIII Rules for Construction of Pressure VesselsDivision 2 Alternative Rules VIIIRULES FOR CONSTRUCTIONOF PRESSURE VESSELSDivision 2Alternative RulesASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committeeon Pressure VesselsAN INTERNATIONAL CODE2013 ASME Boiler &Pressure Vessel Code2013 EditionJuly 1, 2013Two Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USADate of Issuance: July 1, 2013This international code or standard wasdeveloped under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for Amer-ican National Standards and it is an American National Standard. The Standards Committee that approved the codeor standard was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an oppor-tunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment that pro-vides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are ex-pressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of suchrights, is entirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the estab-lished ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.The endnotes in this document (if any) are part of this American National Standard.ASME collective membership markCertification MarkThe above ASME symbol is registered in the U.S. Patent Office.“ASME” is the trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrievalsystem or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 56 3934Printed in the United States of AmericaAdopted by the Council of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1914; latest edition 2013.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersTwo Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016 5990Copyright 2013 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedTABLE OF CONTENTSList of Sections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xviForeword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xviiiStatement of Policy on the Use of the Certification Mark and Code Authorization in Advertising . . . . . . . . . . . .xxStatement of Policy on the Use of ASME Marking to Identify Manufactured Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xxSubmittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xxiPersonnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xxiiiSummary of Changes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xxxviiiList of Changes in Record Number Order. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xlviCross-Referencing and Stylistic Changes in the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .lPart 1General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.1General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.2Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.3Standards Referenced by This Division. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41.4Units of Measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41.5Tolerances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51.6Technical Inquiries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51.7Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5Annex 1-A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7Annex 1-BDefinitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Annex 1-CGuidance For The Use Of U.S. Customary And SI Units In The ASME Boiler And PressureVessel Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10Part 2Responsibilities and Duties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162.1General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162.2User Responsibilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162.3Manufacturers Responsibilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182.4The Inspector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20Annex 2-AGuide For Certifying A Users Design Specification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21Annex 2-BGuide For Certifying A Manufacturers Design Report. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23Annex 2-CReport Forms and Maintenance of Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25Annex 2-DGuide For Preparing Manufacturers Data Reports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27Annex 2-EQuality Control System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37Annex 2-FContents and Method of Stamping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40Annex 2-GObtaining And Using Certification Mark Stamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44Annex 2-HGuide to Information Appearing on the Certificate of Authorization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46Annex 2-IEstablishing Governing Code Editions and Cases for Pressure Vessels and Parts. . . . .49Part 3Materials Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .503.1General Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .503.2Materials Permitted For Construction of Vessel Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .503.3Supplemental Requirements for Ferrous Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .573.4Supplemental Requirements for CrMo Steels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .583.5Supplemental Requirements for Q&T Steels with Enhanced Tensile Properties. . . . . . . . . . .59iii3.6Supplemental Requirements for Nonferrous Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .603.7Supplemental Requirements for Bolting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .613.8Supplemental Requirements for Castings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .633.9Supplemental Requirements for Hubs Machined From Plate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .653.10Material Test Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .663.11Material Toughness Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .683.12Allowable Design Stresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .803.13Strength Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .803.14Physical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .803.15Design Fatigue Curves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .803.16Design Values for Temperatures Colder Than 30C (20F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .803.17Nomenclature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .803.18Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .813.19Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .813.20Figures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90Annex 3-AAllowable Design Stresses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111Annex 3-BRequirements for Material Procurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133Annex 3-CISO Material Group Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134Annex 3-DStrength Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135Annex 3-EPhysical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142Annex 3-FDesign Fatigue Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .143Part 4Design by Rule Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1514.1General Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1514.2Design Rules for Welded Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1574.3Design Rules for Shells Under Internal Pressure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1874.4Design of Shells Under External Pressure and Allowable Compressive Stresses . . . . . . . . . . .2154.5Design Rules for Openings in Shells and Heads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2404.6Design Rules for Flat Heads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2734.7Design Rules for Spherically Dished Bolted Covers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2824.8Design Rules for Quick-Actuating (Quick Opening) Closures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2924.9Design Rules for Braced and Stayed Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2934.10Design Rules for Ligaments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2964.11Design Rules for Jacketed Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3024.12Design Rules for Noncircular Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3164.13Design Rules for Layered Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3634.14Evaluation of Vessels Outside of Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3814.15Design Rules for Supports and Attachments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3824.16Design Rules for Flanged Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3994.17Design Rules for Clamped Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4234.18Design Rules for Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4314.19Design Rules for Bellows Expansion Joints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4874.20Design Rules for Flanged-and-Flued or Flanged-Only Expansion Joints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .518Annex 4-A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .521Annex 4-BGuide for the Design and Operation of Quick-Actuating (Quick-Opening) Closures. . .522Annex 4-CBasis For Establishing Allowable Loads For Tube-To-Tubesheet Joints. . . . . . . . . . . . . .525Annex 4-DGuidance to Accommodate Loadings Produced by Deflagration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .533Part 5Design by Analysis Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5355.1General Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5355.2Protection Against Plastic Collapse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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