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VNONDESTRUCTIVEEXAMINATIONASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committeeon Nondestructive ExaminationAN INTERNATIONAL CODE2013 ASME Boiler &Pressure Vessel Code2013 EditionJuly 1, 2013Two Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USADate of Issuance: July 1, 2013This international code or standard wasdeveloped under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for Amer-ican National Standards and it is an American National Standard. The Standards Committee that approved the codeor standard was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an oppor-tunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment that pro-vides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are ex-pressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of suchrights, is entirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the estab-lished ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.The endnotes in this document (if any) are part of this American National Standard.ASME collective membership markCertification MarkThe above ASME symbol is registered in the U.S. Patent Office.“ASME” is the trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.The Specifications published and copyrighted by the American Society for Testing and Materialsare reproduced with the Societys permission.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrievalsystem or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 56 3934Printed in the United States of AmericaAdopted by the Council of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1914; latest edition 2013.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersTwo Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016 5990Copyright 2013 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reserved No further reproduction or distribution is permitted.TABLE OF CONTENTSList of Sections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xvForeword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xviiStatement of Policy on the Use of the Certification Mark and Code Authorization in Advertising . . . . . . . . . . . .xixStatement of Policy on the Use of ASME Marking to Identify Manufactured Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xixSubmittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xxPersonnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xxiiASTM Personnel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xxxviiSummary of Changes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xxxviiiList of Changes in Record Number Order. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xliiCross-Referencing and Stylistic Changes in the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xlivSubsection ANondestructive Methods of Examination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1Article 1General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1T-110Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1T-120General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1T-130Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2T-150Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2T-160Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3T-170Examinations and Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3T-180Evaluation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3T-190Records/Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3Mandatory Appendix IGlossary of Terms for Nondestructive Examination. . . . . . . . . . . . .4Nonmandatory Appendix AImperfection vs Type of NDE Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5Article 2Radiographic Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7T-210Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7T-220General Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7T-230Equipment and Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7T-260Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9T-270Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9T-280Evaluation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14T-290Documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15Mandatory Appendix IIn-Motion Radiography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16Mandatory Appendix IIReal-Time Radioscopic Examination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18Mandatory Appendix IIIDigital Image Acquisition, Display, and Storage for Radiography andRadioscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20Mandatory Appendix IVInterpretation, Evaluation, and Disposition of Radiographic andRadioscopic Examination Test Results Produced by the DigitalImage Acquisition and Display Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22Mandatory Appendix VGlossary of Terms for Radiographic Examination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24Mandatory Appendix VIDigital Image Acquisition, Display, Interpretation, and Storage ofRadiographs for Nuclear Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26Mandatory Appendix VISupplement A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29Mandatory Appendix VIIRadiographic Examination of Metallic Castings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32iiiMandatory Appendix VIIIRadiography Using Phosphor Imaging Plate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33Mandatory Appendix IXApplication of Digital Radiography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36Nonmandatory Appendix ARecommended Radiographic Technique Sketches for Pipe or TubeWelds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39Nonmandatory Appendix CHole-Type IQI Placement Sketches for Welds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43Nonmandatory Appendix DNumber of IQIs (Special Cases) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48Article 4Ultrasonic Examination Methods for Welds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51T-410Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51T-420General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51T-430Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51T-440Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62T-450Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62T-460Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62T-470Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65T-480Evaluation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66T-490Documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67Mandatory Appendix IScreen Height Linearity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68Mandatory Appendix IIAmplitude Control Linearity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69Mandatory Appendix IIITime of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Technique. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70Mandatory Appendix IVPhased Array Manual Raster Examination Techniques Using LinearArrays. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75Mandatory Appendix VPhased Array E-Scan and S-Scan Linear Scanning ExaminationTechniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76Mandatory Appendix VIIUltrasonic Examination Requirements for Workmanship BasedAcceptance Criteria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78Mandatory Appendix VIIIUltrasonic Examination Requirements for a Fracture MechanicsBased Acceptance Criteria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80Mandatory Appendix IXProcedure Qualification Requirements for Flaw Sizing andCategorization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82Nonmandatory Appendix ALayout of Vessel Reference Points. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84Nonmandatory Appendix BGeneral Techniques for Angle Beam Calibrations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85Nonmandatory Appendix CGeneral Techniques for Straight Beam Calibrations. . . . . . . . . . . . .91Nonmandatory Appendix DExamples of Recording Angle Beam Examination Data . . . . . . . . . . .93Nonmandatory Appendix EComputerized Imaging Techniques. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97Nonmandatory Appendix GAlternate Calibration Block Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103Nonmandatory Appendix IExamination of Welds Using Angle Beam Search Units . . . . . . . . . . .106Nonmandatory Appendix JAlternative Basic Calibration Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107Nonmandatory Appendix KRecording Straight Beam Examination Data for Planar Reflectors110Nonmandatory Appendix LTOFD Sizing Demonstration/Dual Probe Computer ImagingTechnique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111Nonmandatory Appendix MGeneral Techniques for Angle Beam Longitudinal WaveCalibrations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114Nonmandatory Appendix NTime of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Interpretation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118iv No further reproduction or distribution is permitted.Nonmandatory Appendix OTime of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Technique GeneralExamination Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .138Nonmandatory Appendix PPhased Array (PAUT) Interpretation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142Article 5Ultrasonic Examination Methods for Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151T-510Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151T-520General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151T-530Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151T-560Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152T-570Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154T-580Evaluation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155T-590Documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155Mandatory Appendix IUltrasonic Examination of Pumps and Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .157Mandatory Appendix IIInservice Examination of Nozzle Inside Corner Radius and InnerCorner Regions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .158Mandatory Appendix IIIGlossary of Terms for Ultrasonic Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159Mandatory Appendix IVInservice Examination of Bolts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162Article 6Liquid Penetrant Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163T-610Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163T-620General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163T-630Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163T-640Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163T-650Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164T-660Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164T-670Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164T-680Evaluation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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