1、业计划、学习课 件、英语教材、商务资源、企业信息化方案 (SAP,CRM,ERP.)、培训教材、演示演示文稿、 咨询报告、 电子书籍、 企划方案、 投资金融. 提升管理能力的快捷方式 大量管理资 料下载 您好: 资料搜索网-庆祝突破百万名会员, 加入金牌会员空前优惠, 管理光盘赠送! 12 万笔资料下载! 请把握时机加入 谢谢 中国最大的资料库下载 管理资料光盘 珍贵经典的管理资料, 至少节省您 5 年时间 经理人光盘 美容行业大全光盘 模具经理大全光盘 电子电路电子书大全( PCB 行业光盘大全 连锁行业光盘大全 英语学习光盘(三) 制鞋行业光盘大全 英语学习光盘(二) 现场班组长管理大全光
2、盘 设备管理大全光盘 电信行业大全光盘 WM5 软件及电子小说大全光盘 财务课程教材学习光盘 工程管理光盘 室内设计装修光盘 采购经理大全光盘 w w w .2238.c n 中国最大下载资料网 w w w .2238.c n 行业光盘 分类光盘 实用工具光盘 学习光盘 GPS 软件大全 A-手机用 儿童学习光盘大全 GPS 软件大全 A-PPC 用 英语学习光盘(一) 家电行业管理大全 酒店行业管理大全 服装企业管理大全 物流企业管理大全 房地产企业管理大全 汽车维修大全光盘 财务经理大全光盘 生产经理大全光盘 品质经理大全光盘 管理制度大全光盘 管理表格大全光盘 人力資源經理大全光盘 营销
3、經理大全光盘 w w w .2238.c n 中国最大下载资料网 w w w .2238.c n 16 A variety of specific factors drive these overhead requirements in a multiplicative fashion, i.e., they do not simply add up (see Exhibit 1-7). Overhead factors will likely increase slightly as the share of data traffic increases, even though the o
4、verhead on the data traffic itself will likely drop due to more efficient next-generation network topologies and protocols and more conservative carrier build-out strategies. This increase is driven by the higher peak-to-average ratio of data compared to voice. It is interesting to note that the pre
5、sence of overhead multiples in network design can cause a significant capacity miscalculation if there is a slight variance in demand growth, equipment capabilities, or traffic patterns. The natural tendency (particularly in an environment where there is unlimited funding) is to design for the engin
6、eers “worst case” (i.e., sustained traffic loads). If the worst case never materializes, the network is overbuilt and has capacity to spare. This phenomenon may well have contributed to the overcapacity built in the past few years. Exhibit 1-7 Overhead Factors Require Carriers To Install Capacity At
7、 A Significant Multiple Of Demand *Based on current long-haul network architectures; factors for voice and data weighted by current traffic mix * 95% confidence interval for the combined overhead, based on Monte-Carlo simulation, assuming each of the overhead factors follows a uniform distribution w
8、ithin the range shown Note: Based on 2000 network architectures and traffic patterns. In practice, factors will change over time (e.g., change in protocols, competitive environment) and with position in network (e.g., long haul vs. metro) Source: Interviews; McKinsey Factors affecting utilization Fa
9、ctors affecting utilization Network design Discretionary Protocol Equipment granularity Protection/ restoration Network inefficiencies Forecasting/ planning limitations Advance lighting ATM, SONET, IP overhead Under utilization from “lumpy” capacity addition when equipment upgraded Restoration path in event of cable cut or equipment failure Inefficiencies associated with packet loss, congestion, and peering Sub optimal utilization due to the unknown
