1、省级精品课程高级英语第三版第一册高级英语第三版第一册 制作人：徐李洁制作人：徐李洁1/29 Lesson 2 Hiroshima the “liveliest”city in Japan 2/29Teaching Aims1)To acquaint students with the historical facts of the atomic bombardment in Hiroshima and its impact upon peoples lives.2)To acquaint students with Japan and her traditions revealed in th
2、e text.3)To enable students to appreciate the reportorial writing,i.e.facts and opinions.4)See the movie“广岛纪实”by BBC3/29Background knowledge -Hiroshima(general introduction)-Japanese customs(cited from the text)-The atomic bombing(the BBC film)-The Peace Park4/29Choice of Target-HiroshimaSome milita
3、ry camps were located nearby such as the headquarters of the Fifth Division and Field Marshal Hatas 2nd General Army Headquarters,which commanded the defense of all of southern Japan.Hiroshima was a major supply and logistics（后勤）base for the Japanese military.The city was a communications center,a s
4、torage point,and an assembly area for troops.It was chosen as a target because it had not suffered damage from previous bombing raids,allowing an ideal environment to measure the damage caused by the atomic bomb.The city as a whole was highly susceptible to fire damage.5/29Effects of an Atomic Bomb
5、ExplosionThe devastation of Hiroshima and Nagasaki（长崎）resulted from three main types of effects:blast,thermal radiation,and nuclear radiation.Blast effect is significant for chemical high explosives.Thermal radiation,the extremely high temperatures created by an atomic explosion,causing serious burn
6、s on exposed parts of the body and may ignite fires over a wide radius.Nuclear radiation,which results from the neutrons and gamma rays associated with fission,causing death and injury as a result of damage to living tissue.6/29The damage:Destroying almost everything within a radius of 6,000 to 8,00
7、0 feet(1.830-2,450 meters).Altogether an area of 13 sq.Ikm.(5 sq.mi.)was reduced to ashes and of the 76,000 buildings in the city 62.9%were destroyed and only 8%escaped damageOver 71,000 people were killed instantly.Many more later died of injuries and the effects of radiation.Survivors are still dy
8、ing of leukemia(白血病),pernicious anemia(恶性贫血症),etc.The radiation caused long-term problems to those affected.Many people died within the first few months and many more in subsequent years because of radiation exposure.Some people had genetic problems which sometimes resulted in having malformed babie
9、s or being unable to have children.It is believed that more than 140,000 people died by the end of the year.The total number of people who have died due to the bomb is estimated to be 200,000.7/29When we were playing in the school ground,an airplane came,but we kept on playing,only saying Why did th
10、ey give the all-clear?All of a sudden,there was something like lightening and I covered my face with my hands.When I opened my eyes and looked around,it was dark and I couldnt see anything.While I was feeling around in the darkness,it became light.I was thinking of going home,and I found that all th
11、e houses around me had been destroyed and fires were burning here and there.I started running home,crying and calling,Mother!Mother!But I couldnt tell where my house had been.I just went around this way and that,and then I heard my sister calling my name.I was shocked when I saw her,because she was
12、stained with blood all over.I looked at myself;the skin of both my arms and feet had peeled away and was hanging off.I didnt know what all this meant,and I was frightened,so I burst into tears.Meanwhile,Mother had crawled out from the pile of tiles and dragged an overcoat and Fathers cloak out of a
13、trunk and wrapped us in them.We spent the night in Yasu Shrine in Gion.Because of their burns,everyone was crying for water all night.The next morning,we were taken by truck to a Buddhist temple in Kabe.That night,my sister died.How can I describe Mothers grief?How can I describe the horrible scenes
14、 I saw in the temple then?Who can imagine the miseries we went through except those who were there themselves?It is entirely beyond my power to put the terrible sight into words.Countless people suffering from burns and wounds,groaning with pain,their bodies covered with maggots（蛆蛆）,and dying in del
15、irium（精精神神错错乱乱）,one after another.It was hell on earth.An account by Masatada Asaeda-3rd Grade Student in 1945 8/29General Introduction of the TextWhat type of writing is the text?How many sections is the text divided?What is the theme,tone,mood,point of view of the text?Narrative writing (time orde
16、r)Section 1-Arrival at Hiroshima Section 2 Dinner with the mayor Section 3 Interview with the patientTheme-The terrible effect of nuclear weapons upon people and their lives.A protest to nuclear weapons is voiced Tone-(meaning the way the author feels or thinks about the subject of the story):bitter
17、,upset,sad,ironic Mood bitter,depressing Point of view:first person participant9/29Section One Arrival at HiroshimaA.Questions for Discussion1.What do you know about the author?nationality;occupation;aim of the visit 2.How did the writer feel at the arrival?Why?3.What impresses you most in this sect
18、ion?10/291.What do you know about the author?An American A reporter who had taken many reportorial assignments.To prove/find out whether Hiroshima is the liveliest city in the world.2.How did the writer feel at the arrival?bitter,sad;guilty,depressed I had a lump in my throatI was choked with emotio
19、n;I was so overcome with emotion that I could not speak or think clearly.(a feeling of pressure caused by repressed emotion)had a lot of sad thoughts on my mind I was occupied with some sad thoughts.The very act of stepping on this soil,in breathing this air:The fact that I was in Hiroshima was in i
20、tself a much more exciting experience for me than any trip I had taken or any reporting work I had done in the past.Was I not at the scene of the crime?-the dropping of the A-bomb on Hiroshima (rhetorical question)11/293.What have you learned about Hiroshima and people there from this section?Advanc
21、ed in technology(rapid development after WWII,the fastest train magnetic train(517m/hr)Japan and Germany an obvious conflict between western influences and the traditional customs,they exist side by side teenagers and women in western dress,miniskirt(fashionable groups)little girls and elder ladies
22、in kimonos(kids and old ones keep the tradition)narrow streets,traditional houses on boats tall buildings,beige concrete skyscrapers constant bowing to each other tourist atmosphere the cab-drivers behavior towards travelers knowing little of the way,avoid losing face,12/29The use and function of li
23、ttles in this section:little girls /little bows /little red telephones/know little of their city/sketch a little map/little old Japan/little floating house (大日本帝国大日本帝国小日本小日本)chauvinism(沙文主义沙文主义)a strong,unreasonable belief that your own country is more important and morally better than other peoples
24、.chauvinistic the use and function of seven littles in this section:大男人大男人,大丈夫大丈夫,大小伙子大小伙子,小女人小女人,小媳妇小媳妇,小丫头小丫头,13/29Section two Dinner with the mayorA.Questions for Discussion What did the writer expect to hear at the dinner?How did he feel?The writer was ironical and humorous.Find words and expres
25、sions that show them.14/29 a stunning,porcelain-faced woman traditional white make-up,looks like porcelain a stunning person or thing is extremely beautiful or impressive.tatami matting,walking in socks15/29What did the writer expect to hear at the dinner?How did he feel?(The writer expected to hear
26、 some talks about how people in Hiroshima were affected by the atomic bombardment.)the strange emotion which had overwhelmed me returned I was again crushed by the thought that I now stood at the site of the first atomic bombardment,where thousands upon thousands of people had been slain,where thous
27、ands upon thousands of others had lingered on to die in slow agonyas inhibited as I was the faces grew more and more serious each time the name Hiroshima was repeatedThe company more and more agitated jolting me out of my sad reverie reveriedreamy thinking,esp.of agreeable things;the state of being
28、absorbed in dreamlike contemplation;daydreaming16/29Two schools of thought about the remains of the bombardment 1)to preserve the traces of the bombing 2)to get rid of everything,to demolish themDebate on the above two ideas17/29Section Three Interview with the patientQuestions for Discussion1)What
29、happened to the old man?How did he face it?What do you feel about the old mans words?2)Was the writer ironical and humorous in this section?Was his tone different from that of the first section?Why?3)What questions do you think the reporter had wanted to ask beforehand?What answers did he get from p
30、eoples eyes?18/29What happened to the old man?How did he face it?-a fisherman by trade.-was in Hiroshima when the bomb was dropped.-had no burns on his face or body(no injuries on the outside)-his hair began to fall out,his belly turned to water,felt sick-has been in hospital for more than 20 years-
31、he gazed at the writer.with interest.-has been making little lucky birds,congratulating himself.19/29Was the writer ironical and humorous in this section?Was his tone different from that of the first section?Why?The tone changed into an objective one:telling what he heard and seen.Not ironical and h
32、umorous,but sympathetic and sad.He got the truth although people have tried to hide all the time.What questions do you think the reporter had wanted to ask beforehand?What answers did he get from peoples eyes?such as:do you think Hiroshima is the liveliest city in Japan?20/29Words and Expressionspop
33、 e.g.One of balloons popped.Champagne corks were popping throughout the celebrations.(burst(open)with a short,sharp,slightly explosive sound(onomatopoeia)The magician had real rabbits popping out of his hat.You solve one problem and another would immediately pop up (appear unexpectedly)My eyes poppe
34、d at the sight at the variety of food on display.(look surprised)I popped the magazine into the bag when my father came in.(put sth quickly)lurched from side to sidescreeched to a haltI found myself in front of (without purpose,unexpectedly)The usher heaved a long,almost musical sighis the very symb
35、ol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt 21/29Survive/survival/survivor v.t,vi.(sb.)survive in dangerous situations or illnessesan earthquake/a fire/the bombardment/heart attacks.(sb)survive in difficult circumstances.He managed to survive on 100 yuan a month.People are stru
36、ggling to survive without jobs.(sb)survive someone elsecontinue to live after sb.else is dead.Most women will survive their spouses.(sth)survive exist although there is a risk of it being destroyed or abolished.When the market economy is introduced,many factories will not survive.The chances of a sm
37、all stall surviving the heated competition always look terribly slim.22/29To linger be late or slow in going away.e.g.He loved the place so much that he lingered about after everyone else had left.The custom of.lingers on(is still observed but is now very weak)The memory lingered on for years.A ling
38、ering fear of swimming after the accidentto inhibit to prevent something or slow it down,or to prevent someone from doing sth.e.g.The high price inhibits people from buying big houses.Government officials are inhibited from running business.(sb)feels inhibitedif you say someone feels inhibited,you m
39、ean they find it difficult to behave naturally and you think it is a bad thing.23/29agitated feel worried and upset,and show this in the behavior,movements,or voicee.g.Susan seemed agitated about something.The man in the house was in a very excited and agitated state.Agitation,agitate.e.g.The though
40、t agitates her.Dan lit a cigarette,trying to mask her agitationsink in 被完全了解，深深印入脑中被完全了解，深深印入脑中e.g.I think the lesson has sunk in:he wont make the same mistake again.The teacher has explained it twice,but I m afraid it still has not sunk in.I repeated it till the meaning of the words sank in.24/29Tr
41、anslation1)他一想到马上要见到在监狱服刑儿子就感到一阵内疚他一想到马上要见到在监狱服刑儿子就感到一阵内疚.(a twinge of,at the prospect of)2)我永远也忘不了我故乡我永远也忘不了我故乡,我在那里出生我在那里出生,长大长大,从那里踏上了成功之路从那里踏上了成功之路.(where,where)3)今天能请到张教授给我们讲学是我们荣幸今天能请到张教授给我们讲学是我们荣幸.Very great honor)4)除了除了Joe每个人都被这个笑话逗大笑。每个人都被这个笑话逗大笑。Joe花了好一会儿才领会其义也大花了好一会儿才领会其义也大笑起来笑起来.(sink in
42、)5)美国政府决定在世贸大厦坍毁现场建立新大厦美国政府决定在世贸大厦坍毁现场建立新大厦.(at the point of)6)He felt a twinge of regret/guilt at the prospect of meeting his son in prison.7)I will never forget my hometown,where I was born and grew up,where I set out on the road to success.8)Today,it is a very great honor to have Professor Zhang
43、here to give us a lecture.9)Everybody laughed at the joke but Joe;it took quite a while for it to sink in before he laughed too.10)The American government decided to erect a new building at the point of collapse of the World Trade Center.25/29Translation 1.他干事与我毫不相干他干事与我毫不相干.(have little to do with)
44、2.她她 睡不着觉睡不着觉,女儿病使她心事重重女儿病使她心事重重.(on ones mind)3.他陷入沉思中他陷入沉思中,没有理会同伴们在谈些什么没有理会同伴们在谈些什么.(be oblivious of)4.我喜欢教师这个职业我喜欢教师这个职业,这么这么,我有机会和年轻人在一起我有机会和年轻人在一起.(rub shoulders with)5.他拥有如此众多迷本身就说明了他是一个成功歌手他拥有如此众多迷本身就说明了他是一个成功歌手.(the very symbol)6.一看见纪念碑就想起了在战斗中死去战友一看见纪念碑就想起了在战斗中死去战友.(the very sight of)7.时间飞
45、逝时间飞逝.(flash)1.What he did has nothing to do with me.2.She couldnt fall asleep as her daughters illness was very much on her mind.3.He was so deep in thought that he was oblivious of what his friends were talking about.4.I like being a teacher,which gives me a chance of rubbing shoulders with young
46、people.5.That he has so many fans is the very symbol of his success as a singer.(The very fact of his having so many fans shows that he is a successful singer)6.The very sight of the monument reminds me of my good friend who was killed in the battle.7.Time is flashing by.26/29镀镍医疗器械镀镍医疗器械以打鱼为生以打鱼为生失
47、踪朋友和亲人失踪朋友和亲人感觉恶心呕吐感觉恶心呕吐原子弹受害者原子弹受害者尘世烦恼尘世烦恼 怡养性情怡养性情提前准备提前准备 使人脊背发凉使人脊背发凉 遗传基因病变遗传基因病变(nickel-plated medical instruments)(a fisherman by trade)(missing friends and relatives)(feel sick)(atomic bomb victim)(earthly cares)(improve ones character)(prepare in advance)(send shivers down the spine)(gene
48、tic damage)27/29C.HomeworkUse following expressions to make sentences:1.rub shoulders with;2.find myself;3.linger;pany;5.send shivers down the spine;6.read the answer in the eyes7.the very sight of8.It is humiliating to 9.to be crushed at the thought of10.without concern forRecite paragraphs 1,10-19
49、28/29Dictation 1.reportorial assignment 2.atomic bombardment 3.ritual formula 4.the martyred city 5.lurch from side to side 6.screech to a halt7.arresting spectacle 8.concrete skyscrapers 9.incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt10.porcelain-faced 11.die in agony 12.feel inhibited 13.jolt me out of my sad reverie 14.the spinal column 15.send shivers down the spine mit suicide 17.encounter prejudice 18.twinge of embarrassment 19.earthly cares 20.Hiroshima 29/29
