1、计算机专业英语计算机专业英语 第二次作业第二次作业 1/22一、一、Vocabulary(Vocabulary(词汇词汇)（一）一）Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese。(写出以下词组汉语。写出以下词组汉语。）1database 2flat-file database 3relational database 4data structure 5built in 6coding 7machine language 8.property window 1 1、数据库、数据库 2 2、平面文件数据库、平面文件数据库3 3
2、、关系型数据库、关系型数据库4 4、数据结构、数据结构5 5、内嵌，固有、内嵌，固有6 6、写代码，编码、写代码，编码7 7、机器语言、机器语言8 8、属性窗口、属性窗口2/229.software crisis10.object model11.black box testing12.white box testing13.bug14.software maintenance15.Requirements Analysis&Specification 9 9、软件危机、软件危机1010、对象模型、对象模型1111、黑盒测试、黑盒测试1212、白盒测试、白盒测试1313、错误、错误1414、软
3、件维护、软件维护1515、需求分析和说明、需求分析和说明3/22一、一、Vocabulary(Vocabulary(词汇词汇)(二二)Fill in the blanks with the corresponding English abbreviations(依依据据汉汉语语写写出出对对应应英英语语缩缩写。写。)1.结构化查询语言 2.关系型数据库管理系统 3.集成开发环境 4.多文档界面 5.单文档界面 6.面向对象分析 7.面向对象设计 8.面向对象程序1、SQL2、RDBMS3、IDE4、MDL5、SDI6、OOA7、OOD8、OOP4/22一、一、Vocabulary(Vocabul
4、ary(词汇词汇)(三三)Translate the following words into English(依依据据汉汉语写出对应英语语写出对应英语)1.客户机/服务器2.二维3.点击鼠标右键4.调试程序5.高级语言6.标准版7.代码窗口8.软件生命周期9.软件测试10.数据流图client/serverclient/serverrightclickrightclickh high-levellanguageigh-levellanguagec codewindowodewindowtwodimensionaltwodimensionaldebugtheprogramdebugthepro
5、grams standardeditiontandardeditions softwarelifecycleoftwarelifecycledata-flowdiagramdata-flowdiagrams softwaretestingoftwaretesting5/22二、二、Tell whether the following statements are true(T)or false(F)(判断正误判断正误)F1.Client/server database system is no longer in use now()2.F1atfile style of database is
6、 suitable for large amounts of data ()3.SQL Server can allow many users to visit the database at the same time ()4.Maintenance of programs is not as important as the development ()5.Highlevel language is popular，because it is directly executable in computer without compiling.()TFFF 6/226.There are v
7、arious languages for humans，whereas(然然而而)there is only one programming language for computer ()7.The windows that are displayed when you start VB are known as the Visual Basic Integrated Development Environment(IDE)()8.software engineering covers not only the technical aspects of building software s
8、ystems，but also management issues ()9.OOD is the stage of creation and OOP is an implementation stage ()10.White box testing requires the tester to have knowledge of the internal structure ()TFTTT7/22三、三、Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in th
9、e right column(连线题)(一)1DBMS a结构化查询语言2relational database b维护3SQL(Structured Query Language)c高级语言4compile the program d数据库管理系统 5high-level language e多文档界面 6MDI(Multi-Document Interface)f关系数据库 7Maintenance g编译程序 8Object-oriented Design(OOD)h软件测试 9software testing i黑盒测试 10black box testing j面向对象设计 1.d
10、2.f 3.a 4.g 5.c 6.e 7.b 8.j 9.h 10.i 8/22(二二)1machine language a调试调试 2assembly language b功效测试功效测试 3debugging c窗体窗体4functional testing d汇编语言汇编语言5white box testing e机器语言机器语言6form f白盒测试白盒测试7project window g表统计表统计8field h结构化程序设计结构化程序设计 9structured programming i工程窗口工程窗口 10table record j字段字段 1.e 2.d 3.a 4
11、.b 5.f 6.c 7.i 8.j 9.h 10.g9/22四、四、Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list given below，and change the form where necessary(从下面方框中选从下面方框中选择适当词或表示，以其适当形式填空择适当词或表示，以其适当形式填空)system group dimensional name design catalog location right Like many other RDBMSs，SQL Server uses two
12、 tables to store dataThese tables are called or dictionariesh is a secure system and allow you to assign to individual usersBy default，it use a to distinguish among different SQL Severs.To create a new database，you need to specify a And you may also change the of the database during this processA ne
13、w database comes with over 10 tablesTo create a new table，you can use a table window.dimensionalcatalogsrightsgroupnamelocationsystemdesign10/22A programming language，designed to the communication between human and computers，is a for describing computation in readable formThere are 3 levels of progr
14、amming languages，they are ，which can be run directly by computer；and There are different highlevel programming languages.Fortunately。must of them have many kinds of in common and vary only in the way that these must be Therefore，first thing to be decided about a task is to choose which programming l
15、anguage is best suited for the job high-level language assembly language writtenmachine language facilitate notation constructfacilitatenotation machine languageassembly languagehigh-level language constructswritten11/22Software testingwhich is defined as the execution of a program to find its ，is a
16、 vital part of the software lifecycleThere are different types of testing，mainly，they are or functional testing，which tests whether the is the expected result with the input；and which is performed to problems with the structure of a programDebugging is the process of analyzing and locating bugs when
17、 software does not behave as expected Software testing is a much more means of identifying software Therefore，debugging supports testing other than replacing testing black box testing internal bug thorough reveal output faults valid white box testingfaultsblack box testingvalidoutputwhite box testin
18、greveal internal thoroughbugs12/22五五.Translation(.Translation(翻译翻译)(一一)Translate the following sentences into Chinese(将将以以下下句句子子翻译成汉语翻译成汉语。)1A database system is a software system which can manage a database stored in computer files2Relational databases also have functions“built in”that help them to
19、 get，sort and edit the data in many different ways 译：数据库系统是一类软件系统，能够管理用计算机文件形式译：数据库系统是一类软件系统，能够管理用计算机文件形式存放数据库。存放数据库。译译：关关系系型型数数据据库库还还含含有有“内内置置”功功效效帮帮助助其其用用各各种种方方式式获获取取、排序和编辑数据。排序和编辑数据。13/223SQL Server is designed to allow thousands of users to access the database at the same time and is a true clie
20、ntserver database system 4During the last few years，it has been realized that maintenance of programs is more expensive than development，SO reading of programs by humans is as important as writing them 5.Programming languages are designed to facilitate the communication between human and computers 译
21、译：SQL Server被被设设计计为为充充许许数数千千用用户户同同时时访访问问数数据据库库，而而且且是是真真正正客客户户机机/服务器数据库系统。服务器数据库系统。译译：在在最最近近几几年年中中，人人们们已已经经意意识识到到程程序序维维护护比比程程序序开开发发更更昂昂贵贵，所所以以程序阅读和书写一样主要。程序阅读和书写一样主要。译：译：程序设计语言用于使人类和计算机之间交流更轻易。程序设计语言用于使人类和计算机之间交流更轻易。14/226 Fortunately most programming languages have many kinds of constructs in common
22、 and vary only in the way that these must be written 7.Some applications，such as Word，allow for several windows in a special mode called MDI in which you can open multiple documents within the same application 8For developing a software product，the development process is divided into 5 stages：Requir
23、ements Analysis&Specification，Design，Coding，Testing，and Maintenance 译译：幸幸运运是是大大多多数数程程序序语语言言有有很很各各种种相相同同架架构构，只只是是在在书书写写方方式式上上有有所所不不一样。一样。译译：一一些些应应用用程程序序，如如Word，允允许许一一些些表表单单窗窗口口使使用用MDI模模式式，使使你你能能够够在一个软件中打开多个数据文档。在一个软件中打开多个数据文档。译译：开开发发一一个个软软件件产产品品，开开发发过过程程分分为为5步步：需需求求分分析析和和说说明明，设设计计，编编码码，测试和维护。测试和维护。15
24、/229Objectorientation may increase productivity because OOA and OOD，if done correctly，result in products that are cleaner，more understandable，and easier to implement and test 10Functional testing tests whether the output is the expected result with the valid input 译译：面面向向对对象象方方法法能能够够提提升升生生产产效效率率是是因因
25、为为面面向向对对象象分分析析和和设设计计，假假如如正正确确执执行行了了面面向向对对象象方方法法，能能够够产产生生出出更更清清楚楚，更更易易了解，更轻易实现和测试软件。了解，更轻易实现和测试软件。译：译：功效测试是检验使用有效输入是否能得到所期望输出。功效测试是检验使用有效输入是否能得到所期望输出。16/22(二)Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese(将以下各段翻译成汉语）。1SQL Server is a RDBMS(Relational Database Management System)made by MicrosoftThis
26、means that the data is stored in two dimensional tablesRDBMSs a11 have tables called catalogs or dictionaries that contain information about the particular databasesSQL Server is designed to allow thousands of users to access the database at the same time and is a true client/server database systemI
27、t is much more secure than AccessRights can be assigned to individual users and administratorsFor example you can setup one user that can only insert data in the database but cannot delete any 17/22译译：SQL SQL ServerServer是是MicrosoftMicrosoft开开发发关关系系型型数数据据库库管管理理系系统统。这这意意味味着着数数据据存存放放在在二二维维表表中中。关关系系型型数
28、数据据库库管管理理系系统统都都含含有有被被称称为为目目录录或或字字典典表表，其其中中包包含含待待定定数数据据库库信信息息。SQL SQL ServerServer被被设设计计为为允允许许数数千千用用户户同同时时访访问问数数据据库库，而而且且是是真真正正客客户户机机/服服务务器器数数据据库库系系统统，比比AccessAccess愈愈加加安安全全。能能够够为为个个别别用用户户和和管管理理员员分分配配权权限限。比比如如您您能能够够设设置置某某个个用用户户只只能能在在数数据据库库中中插插入入数数据据，而不能删除任何数据。而不能删除任何数据。18/222.A high-level language is
29、 an artificial language with which we can write various instruction.This is possible not because computer processors are now so technologically advanced that they can“understand”these languagesYou should translate from programming languages into machine language which can be understood by the comput
30、er processorsCompilers can accomplish this taskThis does mean that a highlevel language program is not directly executable：it must be compiled to produce processor program，which is executable 19/22译译：高高级级语语言言是是一一个个人人造造语语言言，使使用用它它我我们们能能够够写写不不一一样样指指令令。这这成成为为可可能能不不是是因因为为计计算算机机处处理理器器技技术术如如今今是是如如此此先先进进以以
31、至至于于它它们们能能够够了了解解这这些些语语言言。你你需需要要将将这这些些语语言言翻翻译译成成计计算算机机处处理理器器能能够够了了解解机机器器语语言言。编编译译器器能能够够完完成成这这项项工工作作。这这就就意意味味着着高高级级语语言言程程序序不不是是直直接接可可执执行行：它它必必须须被被编编译译生生成成处处理理器器程程序序，这这些程序是可执行。些程序是可执行。20/223Over the last few decades there has been a tremendous growth in information technology and its impact on everyday
32、 lifeComplex software systems have become critical to the operation of many systems in areas such as banking，communications，manufacturing，power generation，and transportation Progress in computer science and accumulated experience with industrial production of software have led to the emergence of so
33、ftware engineering as a separate disciplineThe software engineering discipline has been defined as“the application of systematic，disciplined，quantifiable approaches to the development，operation，and maintenance of software”that is，the application of engineering to software.21/22译译：在在过过去去几几十十年年间间，信信息息技技术术有有了了巨巨大大发发展展，而而且且影影响响着着我我们们天天天天生生活活。复复杂杂软软件件系系统统已已经经成成为为许许多多领领域域关关键键，如如银银行行、通通信信、制制造造业业、电电力力、交交通通等等。伴伴随随计计算算机机科科学学进进步步和和工工业业生生产产经经验验积积累累，造造成成软软件件工工程程作作为为一一个个独独立立标标准准出出现现。软软件件工工程程规规范范已已经经被被定定义义为为“应应用用系系统统、规规范范、量量化化方方法法开开发发、操操作作和和维维护护软软件。件。”也就是说，使用工程方法开发软件。也就是说，使用工程方法开发软件。22/22
