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6、 糮 鏵 瞀泥缊 舀怘濹惺 軥 強榖歆湩镢颏琌 i 耴筥 愢鸥 蝟 巒 煷耲瘆 栶徖Recipes for Volcano EruptionsI. Ketchup & Baking Soda Volcano Materials small container (I used an empty travel-size bottle.) volcano (You can mold it from clay or use a cardboard form.) ketchup baking soda liquid dishwashing soap (optional) water (optional)
7、 Make the Volcano EruptThis is really easy! Swirl together a squirt of dishwashing detergent (if you want foamy orange lava), ketchup, and enough water to achieve the desired thickness. When you are ready to start the eruption, add baking soda. Alternatively, you could mix together the baking soda,
8、detergent, and water. Add the ketchup when youre ready for the eruption.The lava erupts slowly and steadily, rather than forcefully, so this is a nice volcano to make if you want a longer-lasting eruption. How the Volcano WorksThe ketchup contains vinegar, which is dilute acetic acid. The acetic aci
9、d reacts with the baking soda to produce carbon dioxide gas. The gas bubbles expand and rise through the liquid, bubbling out the ketchup.-II. Okay, the baking soda volcano is the kitchen equivalent of a volcano, not a real one. Its cool all the same! The baking soda volcano is also more or less non
10、-toxic, which adds to its appeal.Difficulty: AverageTime Required: 30 minutesHeres How:1. First make the cone of the baking soda volcano. Mix 6 cups flour, 2 cups salt, 4 tablespoons cooking oil, and 2 cups of water. The resulting mixture should be smooth and firm (more water may be added if needed)
11、.2. Stand the soda bottle in the baking pan and mold the dough around it into a volcano shape. Dont cover the hole or drop dough into it.3. Fill the bottle most of the way full with warm water and a bit of red food color (can be done before sculpting if you dont take so long that the water gets cold
12、).4. Add 6 drops of detergent to the bottle contents.5. Add 2 tablespoons baking soda to the liquid.6. Slowly pour vinegar into the bottle. Watch out - eruption time!7. Chemistry is Cool :-)Tips:1. The cool red lava is the result of a chemical reaction between the baking soda and vinegar.2. In this
13、reaction, carbon dioxide gas is produced, which is also present in real volcanoes.3. As the carbon dioxide gas is produced, pressure builds up inside the plastic bottle, until the gas bubbles (thanks to the detergent) out of the volcano.4. Adding a bit of food coloring will result in red-orange lava
14、! Orange seems to work the best. Add some red, yellow, and even purple, for a bright display.5. What You Need: 6 cups flour 2 cups salt 4 tablespoons cooking oil warm water plastic soda bottle dishwashing detergent food coloring vinegar baking dish or other pan 2 T baking soda-III. Heres how to make
15、 a safe and easy chemical volcano using two common, inexpensive household ingredients.Difficulty: EasyTime Required: minutesHeres How:1. Its incredibly easy to make this volcano. Basically, you pour the hydrogen peroxide solution (found in pharmacies and grocery stores) into a small bottle. When you
16、 are ready for the eruption, add a packet of quick rise yeast to the bottle. Stir in the yeast or swirl it around the container. Watch your volcano foam and fizz!2. If youre seeking more exact measurements, try a half cup of hydrogen peroxide with 1/2 tablespoon of yeast. If you like, you can build
17、a model volcano shape around the bottle using clay or a paper cone.What You Need: quick rising yeast hydrogen peroxide small bottle measuring cups (optional) paper or clay cone (optional)-IV. Chemical volcanos are classic projects for science fairs and c structure, biasing using common source, Diffe
18、rential amplifier stage: configuration, biasing, SS models, extension to active.Lab Outline:The emphasis is first on understanding the characteristics of basic circuits including resistors, capacitors, diodes, and bipolar and field effect transistors. The students then use this understanding to cons
19、truct more complex circuits such as rectifier circuits and power supplies.Recommended Books:1. Principal of electronic devices by Floyd and Malvino MTS-306 Linear Algebra & Differential EquationsCredit Hours: 3Course Outline:The course is divided into two somewhat related parts. A. Linear algebra: m
20、atrices and matrix operations, Linear System equations, Gaussian elimination, matrix inverses, determinants, vector spaces and subspaces, dependence, dimension, eigenvalues, eigenvectors, diagonalization. B. Ordinary Differential Equations: Separable and first-order linear equations with application
21、s, 2nd order linear equations with constant coefficients, method of undetermined coefficients, simple harmonic motion, 2x2 and 3x3 systems of linear ODEs with constant coefficients, solution by eigenvalue/eigenvectors, non-homogenous linear systems, Laplace Transforms for solving differential equati
22、onsRecommended Books:1) Differential Equations and Linear Algebra, Latest/E by Stephen W. Goode and Scott A. Annin.2) Differential Equations and Linear Algebra, Latest/E by Farlow, Hall, McDill and West.Differential Equations and Linear Algebra, Latest/E by Edwards & Penney.MTS-351 Data Structures & AlgorithmsCredit Hours: 3Course Outline: Data Str
