1、科技英文写作中的常见问题1.“a,an,the”Examplesofincorrectusages:uIncorrect Figure2showsthedistributionofrelativevelocityonsurfaceofmainandsplitterblades.uCorrectFigure2showsthedistributionofrelativevelocityonthe surfaceofthe mainandsplitterblades.uIncorrectThesoftwarePowerSHAPEischosentobea 3Dmodelingtool;itisgoo
2、datdealingwithfreesurfacesandcurves.uCorrect ThesoftwarePowerSHAPEischosentobethe 3Dmodelingtool;itisgoodatdealingwithfreesurfacesandcurves.a,an,the的用法不定冠词a(an)与数词one同源1)表示“一个”Thereisabookonthetable.2)代表一类人或物Aknifeisatoolforcuttingwith.Mr.Smithisanengineer.定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。定冠词的用
3、法:1）特指双方都明白的人或物：Takethemedicine.2）上文提到过的人或事：Heboughtahouse.Ivebeentothehouse.3）指世上独一物二的事物：thesun，thesky，theearth4）单数名词连用表示一类事物，如：thedollar;thefox；或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：therich;theliving。5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only，very，same等前面：Wheredoyoulive?Iliveonthesecondfloor.ThatstheverythingIvebeenlookingfor.6）与复数名词连用，
4、指整个群体：Theyaretheteachersofthisschool.指全体教师Theyareteachersofthisschool.指部分教师7）表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前Shecaughtmebythearm.8）用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前：thePeoplesRepublicofChina,theUnitedStates9）用在表示乐器的名词之前：Sheplaysthepiano.10)用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人theGreens格林一家人(或格林夫妇)11)用在惯用语中：intheday,inthemorning
5、(afternoon，evening),thedayaftertomorrow,thedaybeforeyesterday,thenextmorning,inthesky(water,field,country),inthedark,intherain,inthedistance,inthemiddle(of),intheend,onthewhole,bytheway,gotothetheatre冠词口诀冠词分为定冠、不定冠，不定冠词a和an，“”的含义表泛指表示特指要用the，次序、方位、最高级世上物体独一个，人或事物再次提以下情况冠词免，学科球类三顿饭名词复数表泛指，季节星期月份前单数可数
6、名词前必须要加冠词复数可加可不加，意思不同不可数名词可以加定冠词，用于特指2.Prefacing the main idea of a sentence by stating the purpose,location or reason first uIncorrectFortheapplicationinautomobileinteriors,thispaperstudiesthenestingoptimizationprobleminleathermanufacturing.uCorrectThispaperstudiesthenestingoptimizationprobleminlea
7、thermanufacturingforapplicationinautomobileinteriors.uIncorrectToensuresheetmetalqualityaswellasassemblyquality,CMMsarewidelyusedinautomotiveindustryproduction.uCorrect CMMsarewidelyusedinautomotiveindustryproductiontoensuresheetmetalqualityaswellasassemblyquality.3.Tendency of placing phrases which
8、 indicate time at the beginning of a sentenceuIncorrectWhenU istakenasthecontrolparameter,theBDsfor=0.0,0.001,0.005areshowninFig.8.uCorrect Figure8showstheBDsfor=0.0,0.001,and0.005whenU istakenasthecontrolparameter.4.Place the most important subject at the beginning of the sentence for emphasisuInco
9、rrectBasedonthetriangulation structure builtfromunorganizedpointsoraCADmodel,theextendedSTLformatisdescribedinthissection.4uCorrect TheextendedSTLformatisdescribedinthissectionbasedonthetriangulation structure builtfromunorganizedpointsoraCADmodel.5.In this paper,in this studyTwoerrorsoccurwhenthese
10、phrasesareused.The first is overuse.InsomepaperswrittenbyChinese,thesephrasescanoccurasmuchastwiceperpage.InpaperswrittenbynativeEnglishwritersthesephrasesarereservedforprimarilytwouses1.Intheintroductionandconclusiontoemphasizethecontentofthepaper.2.Inthebodyofthepaper,afterreferringtoworknotdoneby
11、theauthorsuchasinotherjournalarticlesorinstandard.Therefore,ifeitherphraseoccursmorethanthreetimesinapaper,itsuseisquestionable.The second error is more subtle.The two phrases are interchanged.uAwkward Inthispaper,IDEASwasusedto.uCorrect Inthisstudy,IDEASwasusedto.uThestudyistheworktheauthor/sdid.Th
12、epaperisthemodetopresentthisworkandiswhatthereaderisholding/reading.Keepinmindthewritercanalsouseotherphrasessuchasinthisresearch,andthispaperpresent.6.Numbers and EquationsTwoverycommonerrorsarethoseconcerningthepresentationofArabicnumerals,andequations.ChinesewritersusuallywriteArabicnumeralsinste
13、adofspellingouttheword.TheuseofArabicnumerals,itself,isnotanerrorhowever;theyshouldneverbeusedatthebeginningofsentences.uIncorrect12 parameterswereselectedfortheexperiment.uCorrectTwelve parameterswereselectedfortheexperiment.Inaddition,Arabicnumeralsareoverused.Arabicnumeralsshouldbeusedtogivedatai
14、ntechnicalpapers,howevertheyshouldnotbeusedtogivegeneralinformation.Incorrect All3 studiesconcludedthatthemeantemperatureshouldbe30C.CorrectAllthree studiesconcludedthatthemeantemperatureshouldbe30C.7.such as and etc.Suchasmeansforexampleandimpliesthatanincomplete list willfollow;etc.meansandsoonand
15、isusedattheendofalisttoshowitisnot complete.Therefore,using such as and etc.together is redundant.uIncorrectStudiesofmethodologyandprocessofimplementingremanufacturingmainlyfocusondurableproductssuch as automobilemotors,printers,and etc.uCorrectStudiesofmethodologyandprocessofimplementingremanufactu
16、ringmainlyfocusondurableproductssuch as automobilemotors,and printers.uSuchasmeansthatanincompletelistwillbegivenandshouldnotbeusedwhenacompletelistisgiven.uIncorrect Comparedtotraditionalindustry,Micro-electronicfabricationhasthreecharacteristicssuch as highcomplexity,highprecisionandhighautomation.uCorrectComparedtotraditionalindustry,Micro-electronicfabricationhasthreecharacteristics:highcomplexity,highprecisionandhighautomation.8.Very long sentences
