1、英语词根词源精讲英语词根词源精讲2Tong Limin 4.be-,使成为，进入某种状态使成为，进入某种状态 来自来自bebehave:v.表现，行为；举止behave yourself:behaviour:n.behaviourism:n.behaviourist:n.hind-:后，后面behind:conj.hind:adj.后面的hinder:adj.更后面的 v.阻碍，阻止hinderland:n.内陆hindrance:n.befriend:v.beget:v.生育belabor:v.痛击，痛斥；冗长的责骂legh-:放置beleaguer:v.围攻，使苦恼lay:v.lie:v.
2、lager:n.贮藏啤酒，拉格啤酒lov-:爱，准许believe:v.belief:n:love:leave:n.许可；假期，假日furlough:n.士兵休假；休假，公休She has my leave to visit him.Id like to read the letter by your leave.relieve-relief:elevateriv-,reav-:撕，扯撕，扯bereave:v.剥夺；丧失亲人bereavement:n.思亲之痛bereft:adj.river:n.rift:n.裂口，裂缝*rivet:n.铆钉 v.用铆钉钉上*riveting:adj.吸引人的
3、，着迷的rob:v.robe:n.rape:v.rip:v.ripple:n.ripple effect:river:n.riven:v.使分裂rivening:-,con-,一起，表强调一起，表强调pan-,pant-:面包面包company:n.伙伴，同伴；公司companion:n.同伴，陪伴companionate:panionship:n.*pantry:n.面包室；茶水间accompany:v.陪伴accompaniment:n.陪伴，伴奏accompanist:n.陪伴者，伴奏者pl-,ply-:满满complete:pletion:n.deplete:v.耗尽accomplis
4、h:v.取得成就accomplishment:n.成就full:adj.fill:v.supply:v.supplier:n.merc-:commerce:n.商业，贸易commercial:adj.(ICBC)commercialize:mercialization:n.merchant:n.商人merchandise:n.商品mercenary:n.雇佣兵market:n.marketing:n.促销；营销bat-,beat-,but-:击，打击，打combat:v.搏斗，打斗combatant:n.beat:v.butt:n.屁股batter:v.battery:n.battle:n.a
5、but:v.前缀的词根同化现象co-:vowel and h and gcol-:lcor-:r com-:b,f,m,pcon-:f,g,and otherco-:一起一起co-author:n.co-respondent:n.coalesce:v.联合，合并coalescent:adj.coalescence:ncoalition:n.联合，合并cohere:v.粘合；使连贯coherent:adj.cohesion:n.凝聚力ag-:做，驱动coagulate:v.凝固，凝结coagulant:n.coagulation:n.anticoagulate:v.anticoagulant:n
6、.anticoagulation:n.cogent:(*coagent)adj.有说服力的cogitate:(*coagitate)v.认真思考cogitation:n.gn(1)-,gen-:认识，知道cognitive:adj.认知的，认识的cognition:n.cognizant:adj.cognizance:n.know:v.ken:n.知识范围；视野 beyond ones kencan:v.canny:adj.精明的，狡猾的cunning:adj.狡猾的*uncanny:adj.怪异的gn(2)-,gen-:生育，产生cognate:adj.同源的*cognateness:n.g
7、ene:n.generate:v.generator:n.generation:n.genesis:n.起源；创世纪genetic:adj.kin:n.kind:adj.leg-,leag-,lect-,lig-:挑选，选择colleague:n.collect:v.collective:adj.eligible:adj.elect:v.elite:n.elitism:n.elitist:n.refer:latte,lettuce,lactic,lactate,galaxy,leg-,leag-,lect-,lig-:挑选，选择colleague:n.同事collect:v.收集collect
8、ive:adj.收集的；集合的eligible:adj.有资格的elect:v.选举elite:n.精英elitism:n.精英主义loc-,loq-:说话，谈话colloquial:adj.口语的colloquy:n.说话，对话loquacious:adj.话多的eloquent:adj.雄辩的elocution:n.演说；演说术grandiloquent:adj.浮夸的interlocuate:v.插话interlocutor:n.参与对话者circumlocution:n.含混表达；迂回的话 circumlocutory:adj.bust-:燃烧combust:v.燃烧combustio
9、n:bustible:bustion chamber:n.ed-,eat-,est-,es-,吃eat:v.edible:estible:adj.可吃的 n.食物eatery:n.小餐馆obese:adj.肥胖的obesity:n.肥胖症refer:is,essence,interestinterest groupfort-:坚固，力量comfort:fortable:fortably:forter:forting:adj.fort-:坚固，力量comfort:v.安慰comfortable:adj.舒服的comfortably:forter:n.安慰剂；安慰物comforting:adj.安
10、慰的fort:n.城堡force:n.力量enforce:v.强制施行t-cefort:n.force:n.enforce:n.space-spatial:divorce-vertdivorce-divorceefiance-fianceemit-,mis-,miss-,送，送出commit:v.承诺；委托，交付；犯错误commitment:n.承诺commission:n.委托，委任；佣金 admit:v.准许进入；承认，同意admission:n.承认；入场费admittance:n.承认emit:v.送出；发射emission:n.emissary:n.使者mission:n.使命mis
11、sionary:n.传教士promise:n.v.pat-,pet-:展开，追寻；翅膀compete:petent:petence:petitive:petor:n.repeat:v.repetition:n.petition:n.请愿petitioner:n.pet-,pter-:展开；翅膀patent:adj.展开的 n.专利（patent letter）feather:n.helicopter:n.dinosaur:n.*pterosaur:n.digit:n.手指*pterodactyl:n.ced-,cess-:走，离开concede:v.承认，同意；让步concession:n.让
12、步，优惠concessionary:adj.优惠的，减价的accede:v.承认，同意；就职access:n.进入；通道accession:n.就职accessible:adj.可进入的cap-,capt-,ceive-:拿，抓，握conceive:v.想出，构思，设想；怀孕conceivable:adj.想出的，构想的concept:n.概念，观念conception:n.概念，设想conceptionalize:v.形成概念capable:adj.capacious:adj.容量大的；宽敞的capacity:n.capture:n.v.captive:adj.n.jac-,ject-:扔，
13、投掷conjecture:n.猜测 v.猜测abject:adj.悲惨的adjacent:adj.邻近的adjective:adj.n.project:n.v.projectile:n.missile:n.reject:v.rupt-:破裂，断裂corrupt:adj.腐败的 v.corruptible:adj.uncorruptible:adj.bankrupt:adj.bankruptcy:n.rupture:n.bereave:v.rob:v.rip:v.rob-:强，硬corroborate:v.加强，巩固corroboration:n.robust:adj.强健的robot:n.ro
14、botics:n.robotization:n.sider-,star-,astro-:星consider:v.considerate:adj.considerable:adj.unconsiderable:adj.sidereal:adj.star:n.astrology:n.astronaut:n.nautical:adj.6.in-,en-,进入，使来自inin-,在内，进入，使inborn:adj.in-house:adj.inside:n.adj.clin-,clim-:倾斜倾斜incline:v.倾向inclination:n.decline:v.下倾；拒绝declination:
15、n.倾斜*cline:n.渐变群climate:n.acclimate:v.m-nhome-hauntlamp-lanternlimit-lintelsublime:adj.崇高的，极好的m-nhaunt:v.闹鬼；萦绕心头lantern:n.灯笼*lintel:n.门栏；门楣clud-,clos-:关闭关闭include:v.包含inclusive:adj.inclusion:n.conclude:v.下结论conclusive:adj.conclusion:n.close:v.clause:n.volv-:卷卷involve:v.involvement:n.evolve:v.evoluti
16、on:n.evolutionism:n.evolutionist:n.Volvo:n.lum-,lust-:光，光彩光，光彩illuminate:v.照明，阐明；解释illumination:n.luster:n.光泽illustrate:v.说明；给例证，加插图illustrative:adj.说明的，例证的illustration:n.说明，例证；图解illustrator:n.插图作家illustrious:adj.著名的，显著的light:adj.bib-,bev-:喝，饮喝，饮imbue:v.灌输imbibe:v.喝，饮；吸收imbibition:n.*bib:n.小孩用的围裙，围嘴
17、beverage:bevy:一群小鸟a bevy of：migr-,移动，迁移移动，迁移immigrate:v.移居入境immigration:n.immigrator:n.immigrant:n.emigrate:v.移民，移出emigration:n.emigrator:n.emigree:逃亡者，流亡者rad-,根根irradiate:v.辐射，放射；发出光线irradiation:n.irradiance:n.放射；辐射；容光焕发irradiant:adj.irradiator:n.放射装置；暖热片radius:n.半径radish:n.萝卜root:n.en-,进入，使来自in-变体
18、形式enable:v.enact:v.ensure:v.enlighten:v.启发，开悟enlightening:adj.enlightenment:n.embody:v.embitter:v.empower:v.bar:n.barrier:n.障碍物barrister:n.大律师barricade:n.障碍物，路障embargo:v.禁运；禁止 n.禁运令embarass:v.embarassment:n.bl-,bol-:扔，投掷扔，投掷emblem:n.徽章；符号;象征problem:n.symbol:n.v.ball:n.舞会ballet:n.ballistic:adj.弹道的bal
19、listics:n.*ballad:n.民谣；歌谣ploy-,plic-:卷卷employ:v.雇佣；雇用employer:n.employee:n.employment:n.unemployed:adj.unemployment:n.ploy-,plic-,ply-:卷卷deploy:v.部署deployment:v.disemploy:v.disemployment:n.imply:v.implicit:adj.explicit:adj.implication:n.7.ex-,向外来自拉丁语ex,从.离开ex,前妻，前夫，前男友，前女友-clud,clos-:关闭关闭exclude:v.排
20、除exclusion:n.exclusive:adj.exclusive club/exclusive newsinclude:v.conclude:v.close:v.clause:n.it-,走走exit:n.*adit:n.transit:n.v.initiate:v.启动initiative:n.倡议，主动权itinerary:n.日程表*itinerate:v.巡回 adj.巡回的itinerant:adj.巡回的，流动的cap-,capt-,cept-,cip-:抓，握抓，握except:prep:capable:adj.capture:n.accept:v.participate
21、:v.参与st-,sist-:exist:v.existance:n.existant:adj.extant:adj.assist:v.insist:v.stand:v.sec-,seq-:跟随，顺序跟随，顺序execute:v.执行，施行execution:n.executive:adj.sequence:n.persecute:v.迫害，烦扰prosecute:v.控告，起诉sec-,seq-:跟随，顺序跟随，顺序consequent:adj.作为结果的，随之发生的consequence:n.结果；重要性consequently:adv.结果地suit:n.v.suitable:adj.*
22、suitor:n.pursuit:n.追逐 in pursuit of ex变体形式变体形式e-,b,d,g,l,m,n,vec-,ef-:el-,ec-:向外向外eccentric:adj.怪异的eccentricity:n.center:n.educate:v.educator:n.education:n.educationist:n.edit:v.editor:n.editorial:adj.edition:n.anecdote:n.轶闻；趣事anecdotic:adj.greg-:集中集中egregious:adj.极坏的，极糟糕的egregiously:adv.aggregate:v
23、.聚集，集合aggregation:n.聚集体，集合体congregate:v.聚集，集合congregation:n.教堂会众，人群group:n.ject-,扔，投掷扔，投掷eject:v.喷射，射出；射精ejection:n.inject:v.n.project:n.reject:v.lev-:举，举起举，举起elevate:v.举起elevated:adj.elevator:n.lever:n.alleviate:v.light:adj.lev-:举，举起举，举起elevate:v.举起elevated:adj.elevator:n.lever:n.alleviate:v.light:
24、adj.merg-,mers-:浸，浸，浸入浸入emerge:v.出现emergent:adj.emergence:n.emergency:n.immerse:v.浸入immersion:n.immersive:adj.vad-,wad-:走走evade:v.逃避，逃走evasive:adj.逃避的；推诿的invade:v.入侵invasion:n.wade:v.wader:n.vid-,vis-:看看evident:adj.evidently:adv.evidence:n.video:n.visit:v.visual:adj.n.visualize:v.fect-:做做effect:n.影响
25、，效果effective:adj.有效的effectiveness:n.effectual:adj.有效的efficient:adj.有效率的efficiency:n.效率efficacy:n.功效，效果lip-:留下留下ellipsis:n.省略ellipse:n.椭圆elliptic:adj.椭圆的，省略的 8.de-,向下，离开；表相反；表强调来自拉丁语de,向下，离开 8.1 de-,向下，离开cid(1)-,砍，切砍，切decide:v.decision:n.decisive:adj.insecticide:n.herbicide:n.cid(2)-,cas-:掉落掉落deciduo
26、us:adj.落叶的accident:n.accidental:adj.accidentally:adv.incident:n.incidental:adj.case:*cascade:n.小瀑布duc-,duct-:拉，引导拉，引导deduce:v.演绎出；推论deduct:v.减除deductible:adj.可减除的deduction:n.演绎，推论；减除produce:v.product:n.production:n.productivity:n.prim-,print-,press-:压压press:v.n.depress:v.压低；使沮丧，压抑depression:n.萧条；沮丧d
27、epressive:adj.impress:v.impression:n.impressive:adj.prim-,print-,press-:oppress:v.镇压，压迫oppression:n.oppressive:adj.oppressor:n:*reprimand:v.责备，苛责print:v.imprint:v.8.2 de-,不，非，表相反de-,不，非，表相反不，非，表相反de-ice:v.defrost:v.defroest:v.sper-:希望希望despair:v.绝望desperate:adj.绝望的，不顾一切的desperation:n.desperado:n.暴徒d
28、esperately:adv.prosper:v.繁荣，繁盛prosperous:adj.prosperity:n.ser-,sert-:连接，插入连接，插入desert:n.沙漠 v.离弃，遗弃deserter:n.逃兵insert:v.assert:v.series:n.serial:adj.exert:(*exsert)v.尽力，努力；运用，使用 exertion:n.tect-:遮盖遮盖detect:v.侦察detective:n.protect:v.protection:n.deck:n.8.3 de-:表强调或加强bat-,beat-,击，打击，打debate:v.辩论 n.bat
29、ter:v.battle:n.beat:v.liber-:称量，秤称量，秤deliberate:v.n.仔细衡量，思考 deliberation:n.Libra:n.天秤座level:n.水平ter-:恐惧恐惧deter:v.威慑deterent:n.威慑因素terror:n.恐惧，恐怖terrorism:n.terrorist:n.fin-:界限，终结界限，终结define:v.下定义definition:n.finish:v.finite:adj.finiteness:n.definite:adj.明确的，确定的definitely:adv.infinity:n.finiteness:n.
30、fin-:infinite:adj.无限的infinity:n.finiteness:n.indefinite:adj.不确定的term-:界限，终结界限，终结determine:v.决定determination:n.determinism:n.determinist:n.term:n.terms and conditions:terminal:n.terminate:v.9.dis-:不，非，表相反；表离开；表分开 9.1 dis-:不，非，表相反dis-:不，非不，非disagree:v.disallow:v.dishonest:adj.dissident:n.discount:n.di
31、s-:表相反表相反discharge:v.discover:v.dishonor:v.displace:v.displease:v.dissuade:v.persuade:v.9.2 dis-:表离开(away)miss-:送送dismiss:v.解散，遣散dismissal:n.mission:n.emission:n.pel-,puls-:推，挤推，挤dispel:v.驱散compel:v.强迫，迫使compelling:pulsory:adj.impel:v.推动，鼓舞impulse:n.冲动impulsive:adj.冲动的pulse:n.脉搏，脉冲 9.3 dis-:分开，散开cus
32、s-:摇，震动摇，震动discuss:v.discussion:n.concussion:n.脑震荡percussion:n.打击，敲击，震动percussion instrument:n.percussionist:n.tract-:拉拉distract:v.分心，分神distracted:adj.detract:v.贬低，贬损attract:v.attractive:adj.traction:n.train:n.v.seg-,sect-:切，分切，分dissect:v.解剖section:n.sector:n.segment:n.insect:n.bisect:v.se-,semin-:种
33、子，精液种子，精液disseminate:v.传播dissemination:n.*inseminate:v.*insemination:n.semen:n.种子；精液seminar:n.*seminary:n:神学院seed:n.9.4 di-:分开，散开lig-:选择，挑选选择，挑选diligent:adj.diligence:n.eligible:adj.eligibility:n.colleague:n.collect:v.lav-,lut-:流，冲洗流，冲洗dilute:v.dilution:n.diluvial:adj.antidiluvian:adj.lava:lavatory:
34、n.pollute:v.pollution:n.vid-:分开分开divide:v.divisive:adj.division:n.widow:n.widower:n.wide:adj.vast:adj.devastate:v.摧毁，大量破坏vert-,vers-:转转divert:v.转移，转道；娱乐diverting:adj.娱乐的diverse:adj.多样化的diversify:v.多样化经营diversion:n.转移，转向；娱乐diversity:n.多样性convert:v.转化，使皈依 converse:v.conversation:n.st-:站站distant:adj.distance:n.stand:n.constant:adj.constantly:adv.
