1、英语词根词源精讲英语词根词源精讲3Tong Limin 10.ob-:朝前，向后朝前，向后来自拉丁语来自拉丁语ob,在附近，在周围在附近，在周围ject-:object:n.物体，对象；目标objective:adj.客观的 n.目标objectify:v.subject:n.subjective:adj.主观的objectivism:n.客观主义objectivity:n.客观性project:n.v.ject-:object:v.反对objection:n.objectionable:adj.reject:v.abject:adj.dejected:adj.vi-,via-,way-:路路
2、obviate:v.消除，避免obviate the need/problemobvious:adj.明显的obviously:adv.明显地trivia:n.琐事(three,tricycle)trivial:adj.trivialize:v.贬低via:conj.通过 vi-,via-,way-:路路convey:v.运输，传送conveyor:n.运输者，运送人conveyer:n.传送带conveyance:n.voyage:n.旅程，航程 v.旅行，航行voyager:n.旅行者 lig-:绑绑oblige:v.强迫，迫使obliged:adj.感激的obligate:v.迫使；使有
3、责任或义务obligatory:adj.强制的obligation:n.责任，义务ligament:n.韧带liable:adj./liabilityally:n.v.cid-,cas-:occasion:n.场合；时机，机会occasional:adj.case:n.accident:n.incident:n.deciduous:adj.car-,cur-,curs-:occur:v.发生occurrence:n.发生，事件incur:v.招致，导致courier:n.current:adj.course:n.*intercourse:n.car:n.cap-,cup-,cov-:抓，拿抓，
4、拿capable:adj.occupy:v.占据，占领occupied:adj.忙于的，忙的occupant:n.占据者，占领者occupation:n.占据，占领；职业occupational:adj.recuperate:v.恢复健康recover:v.fer-,fert-:拿，带拿，带offer:v.提供，报价 n.*offerings:n.祭品*offertory:n.祭品transfer:v.infer:v.refer:n.reference:n.fend-,fens-,fest-:击，打击，打offend:v.触怒，冒犯；犯规offense:n.no offence:offende
5、r:n.offensive:n.进攻；攻势defend:v.防御，挡开defender:n.守方；被告 press-:oppress:v.oppressor:n.oppressive:adj.impress:v.express:v.pon-,pos-:opponent:n.oppose:v.opposite:adj.opposition:n.11:per-:表整个，表完全表整个，表完全fact-,fect-:做做perfect:adj.perfectly:adv.perfection:n.affect:v.affection:n.affectation:n.fact:n./factory.n
6、suad-,suas-:糖，甜糖，甜persuade:v.persuadable:adj.persuasive:adj.persuasion:n.sweet:adj.n.dissuade:v.sist-:persistent:adj.坚持的，不懈的persistence:n.assist:v.insist:v.exist:v.spic-,spect-:看，观察看，观察perspective:n.观点，看法perspicacious:adj.洞察力强的perspicacity:n.despicable:adj.inspect:v.conspicuous:adj.vad-,vas-:看看perva
7、de:v.弥漫，充满pervasive:adj.invade:v.invasive:adj.evade:v.evasive:adj.wade:v.wader:n.me-,mot-,mut-:移动，转变移动，转变permeate:v.motion:n.mutual:adj.mutate:v.变异mutation:n.permutation:bination:n.12.pre-:在前在前 dict-:说说predict:v.predictable:adj.addict:n.上瘾者dictionary:n.diction:n.dictate:v.发布命令dictator:n.独裁者 dictator
8、ship:n.独裁统治 ced-,cess-:precede:v.preceding:adj.accede:v.access:n.accessible:adj.excess:n.excessive:adj.succeed:v.success:n.cid-,cis-:砍，切砍，切precise:adj.精确的precisely:adv.precision:n.excise:v.切除，删去；消费税incise:v.雕刻，切入incisive:adj.尖锐的，见解深刻的incisor:n.磨牙decide/insecticide/herbicide 13.pro-:向前向前be-:是，存在是，存在p
9、robe:v.探索，探测；试探，检测probation:n.试用期；缓刑期probable:adj.probably:adv.probability:n.probity:n.正直，诚实proof:n.prove:v.grad-,gress-:progress:n.progressive:adj.逐渐的grade:n.gradual:adj.gradualism:n.aggressive:adj.degree:n.mot-:移动移动promote:v.promotion:n.motive:n.motion:n.motivate:v.刺激，鼓舞 ject-:project:n.v.projecti
10、le:n.projection:n.projector:n.abject:adj.dejected:adj.reject:v.found-,bot-:底部，基础底部，基础profound:adj.深奥的profundity:n.深奥bottom:n./bottomless:adj.fund:n.资金found:v.建立，创建founder:n.创建者fundament:n.基础，基本原理fundamental:found-,fus-:流，倾泻流，倾泻profuse:adj.大量的，充满的confuse:v.困惑confused:adj./confusing:adj.effuse:v.涌出，流出
11、effusive:adj.流露感情的；热情的found-,fus-:流，倾泻流，倾泻refund:n.返还，退还refundable:adj.non-refundable:adj.refuse:v.拒绝 n.废弃物，垃圾foundry:n.玻璃厂，铸造厂fountain:n.喷泉drinking fountain/fountain penfondue:n.瑞士干酪火锅 por-,pur-:向前来自pro的变体形式tend-:伸，伸出伸，伸出portend:v.预示，预兆；凶兆portent:n.预示，预兆；凶兆portentous:adj.预兆的，凶兆的attend:v.attention:n
12、.intend:v.extend:v.seq-,su-:顺序顺序pursue:v.追逐，追寻；追求pursuer:n.pursuit:n.in pursuit of sth/sue:v.起诉prosequte:v.控告，检举suit:n.sequence:n.purchase:v.purchaser:n.purchasement:n.chase:v.14.re-:向后；新，再次；表强调向后；新，再次；表强调 14.1 re-:向后；mot-:remote:adj.远离的，遥远的remoteness:n.promote:v.motive:n.ject-:reject:v.project:v.su
13、bject:n.臣民；主题 adj.臣服于conjecture:n.clud-,clus-:recluse:n.隐士，隐居者reclusive:adj.隐居的preclude:v.conclude:v.include:v.sist-:resist:v.抵抗，抵制resistant:adj.resistance:n.resistivity:n.consist:v.persistent:adj.ced-,cess-:recede:v.隐退，后退recessive:adj.隐性的recessive inheritanceaccede:v.concede:v.concession:n.concessi
14、onary:adj.14.2 re-:再次，新re-enter:v.re-entry:n.readjust:v.rearrange:v.reassure:v.nov-,new-:renew:v.renewable:adj.renovate:v.翻新，改造 renovation:n.novel:n.innovate:v.创新，革新innovative:adj.innovation:n.form-:形式形式form:n.formal:adj.formality:n.reform:v.reformative:adj.transform:v.transformation:n.cur-:recur:v.
15、再次发生，复发recurrent:adj.concur:v.concurrent:adj.concurrently:adv.concourse:n.recourse:v.救援，依赖occur:v.14.3 red-:re在元音词根前的变体形式 und-:水，水波水，水波redundant:adj.冗余的，过多的redundance:n.redundancy:n.abound:v.充满，大量abundant:adj.abundance:n.undulate:v.起伏，起波浪inundate:v.淹没 em-,empt-:买，拿走，取走买，拿走，取走redeem:v.买回，赎回；拯救，救赎rede
16、mptive:adj.拯救的，救赎的redemption:n.redemptor:n.拯救者；基督emptor:n.买主pre-empt:v.先买；先发制人pre-emptive:adj.peremptory:adj.傲慢的，专横的 od-,ol-:气味气味redolent:adj.再次闻到气味的；联想起来的olfactory:adj.嗅觉的odor:n.气味odorless:adj.无味的ozone:n.自氧 d-t-llanguage:n.语言bilingual:adj.双语的linguist:n.语言学家tongue:n.舌头；语言tear:n.眼泪lacrymose:adj.流泪的 g
17、n-,gen-,nat-,naiss-:出生，生育出生，生育renaissance:n.renaissant:adj.natal:adj.nature:n.gene:n.genetic:adj.generation:n.cognate:adj.gn-,gen-,not-,naiss-:知道，知晓知道，知晓reconnaissance:n.侦察，观察recce:v.侦察，观察recon:n.侦察，观察note:n.notice:n.recognize:adj.cognizant:adj.14.4 ren-:re-的特殊用法 don-,dit-,der-:给予给予donate/data/edit/
18、anecdote/doserendition:n.重新演绎；表演，唱歌render:v.使成为，导致；翻译；表达surrender:v.投降 n.投降rendezvous:n.约会，会面地 14.5 re-:表强调 lig-,li-,ly-:绑绑rely:v.reliant:adj.reliance:n.ally:n.ligament:n.oblige:v.liable:adj.liability:n.lev-,liev-:举起举起relevate:v.使相关relevant:adj.relevance:n.alleviate:v.elevate:v.elevator:n.relieve:v.
19、light:adj.serv-:保持保持reserve:v.保留，保持；预约reserved:adj.预定的；矜持的reservoir:n.水库conserve:v.observe:v.observation:n.observatory:n.天文观测台preserve:v.str-:拉，拉紧拉，拉紧restrict:v.限制，约束strict:adj.strain:v.拉紧，拉伤 n.压力；重压；constrict:v.压缩constrain:v.限制 15.sub-:在下，亚，次；向上在下，亚，次；向上subway:n.subset:n.subculture:n.subgroup:n.mar
20、-,mer-:海海submarine:n.潜水艇submariner:n.潜水艇人员marine:adj.海的 n.海军陆战队士兵mariner:n.水手mermaid:n.海少女；美人鱼 seq-:subsequent:adj.subsequently:adv.sequence:n.consequent:adj.consequently:adv.consequence:n.execute:v.sid-:坐坐subside:v.沉降；平息subsidence:n.subsidy:n.津贴，补贴subsidize:v.提供津贴president:n.assiduous:adj.勤奋的，勤勉的si
21、t/seat mit-,miss-:submit:v.使服从，屈服；呈送，提交submission:n.submissive:adj.顺从的，屈从的emit:v.emission:n.mission:n.missile:n.cub-,cumb-:躺躺succumb:v.屈服，投降succubus:n.梦淫妖（女）incubus:n.梦淫妖（男）incumbent:adj.incumbency:n.incubate:v.incubator:v.ced-,cess-:succeed:v.接替，继任；成功success:n.successful:adj.successor:n.接替者，继任者succ
22、essive:adj.一连串的succession:n.一连串，一系列 fer-:携带；支撑携带；支撑suffer:v.忍受，忍耐；受苦sufferer:n.sufferable:adj.sufferance:n.confer:v.conference:n.infer:v.fix-:suffix:n.prefix:n.affix:n.fix:v.ger-,gest-:带，带走带，带走suggest:v.suggestion:n.suggestive:adj.建议的；暗示的suggestible:adj.易受影响的belligerent:adj.好战的digest:v.消化，吸收 n.文摘dig
23、estion:n.mon-:警告，提醒警告，提醒summon:v.召唤，传讯summoner:n.admonish:v.monitor:n.mind:n.v.pos-:suppose:v.supposition:ncompose:v.deposit:v.n.expose:v.press-:suppress:v.镇压；抑制suppressor:n.suppression:n.oppress:v.oppressor:n.express:v.impress:n.pl-,ple-,ply-:满满supply:v.n.supplement:n.增补，补充；增刊supplementary:plement:
24、v.增补，补充complementary:plete:v.accomplish:v.full:adj.fill:v.cap-,cept-:susceptible:adj.易受感染的susceptive:adj.敏感的，感受力强的accept:v.capable:adj.capture:n.pend-:悬；挂悬；挂suspend:v.悬挂；推迟，暂停suspender:n.吊袜带；吊带裤suspense:n.suspension:n.悬挂物；悬浮液suspensive:adj.悬念的，悬而未决的depend:v./dependent/independent tain-,ten-:抓，握抓，握su
25、stain:v.维持sustainable:adj.sustainability:n.contain:v.包含；遏制container:n.containment:n.tenure:n.tenable:adj.spic-,spect-:suspect:n.怀疑；嫌疑犯suspicious:adj.怀疑的；suspicion:n.conspicuous:adj.perspicacious:adj.respect:n.15.2 super-,sur-:在上；超级super:adj.superb:adj.superman:n.superhero:n.supermarket:n.superficial
26、:adj./superficiality:n.face:n.superior:adj.interior:adj.exterior:adj.ulterior:adj.deteriorate:v.sovereign:adj.至高无上的，有主权的sovereignty:n.主权；主权国家foreign:adn.stit-:站站superstition:n.迷信superstitious:adj.迷信的institute:v.institution:n.constitute:v.constitution:n.sed-,sid-,sit-:supersede:v.取代，替代subside:v.dissi
27、dent:n.assiduous:adj.sit:v.seat:n.vid-,vis-:supervise:v.supervisor:n.television:n.visit:v.evident:adj.mit-,mis-,miss-:surmise:v.猜测promise:v.promissory:adj.admit:v.emit:v.mission:n.und-:水，水波水，水波surround:v.围绕，环绕surroundings:n.环境undulate:v.undulation:n.redundant:adj.abundant:adj.pris-:抓住抓住surprise:v.su
28、rprised:adj.surprising:adj.prison:nprisoner:prise:prised:adj.enterprise:n.16.trans-,tran-,tra-:转过，穿过，跨过转过，穿过，跨过词源同词源同turnfer-:带，携带带，携带transfer:v.transferable:adj.transference:n.infer:v.confer:v.商谈，洽谈infer:v.refer:v.form-:形状，形式形状，形式transform:v.transformation:n.transformer:n.reform:v.inform:v.通知；告发inf
29、ormant:n.告密者 par-:显现显现transparent:adj.appear:v.appearance:n.apparent:adj.disappear:v.disappearance:n.scend-:爬，上升爬，上升transcend:v.超过，超越transcendence:n.transcendency:n.ascend:v.上升，爬升ascendancy:n.占优势地位descend:v.下降descendant:adj.下降的 n.后代 scrib-,script-:transcribe:v.转录，转写；transcription:n.describe:v.description:n.ascribe:v.归功于；归因*ascription:n.归因 dit-:给予给予tradition:n.traditional:adj.extradite:v.引渡罪犯extradition:n.edit:v.edition:n.
