1、动词词组Verb phrases类别类别意义意义例句例句行为动词行为动词ActionVerbs系系动动词词LinkVerbs助助动动词词AuxiliaryVerbs情态动词情态动词ModalVerbs含有实在的意义，表示动作或状态，在句中能独立作谓语。如：putrunlaugh本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语。如：be look get本身没有词义，不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词，表示否定、疑问、时态或其他语法形式。如：be does did本身有一动的意义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词，表示说话人的语气和情态。情态动词没有人称和数
2、的变化。如:can must mayShe has some bananas.They eat a lot of potatoes.Im reading an English book now.His father is a teacher.Twins usually look the same.The teacher became angry.He doesnt speak English.(否定）否定）We are playing basketball.（进行时态）进行时态）Do you have a brother?（疑问）疑问）You can keep them for two wee
3、ks.May I smoke here?We must go new.动词种类动词种类返回返回返回返回v动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配。有关动词短语的测试点主要涉及结构上搭配。有关动词短语的测试点主要涉及结构上选用恰当的搭配词，不同搭配含意上的辨异及选用恰当的搭配词，不同搭配含意上的辨异及不同短语的辨异。需掌握以下要点：不同短语的辨异。需掌握以下要点：1、根据动词短语的不同特点，掌握其运用规、根据动词短语的不同特点，掌握其运用规律。律。(I)动词动词+副词副词(不及物不及物)Harryturnedupafterthepartywheneve
4、ryonehadleft.(2)动词动词+副词副词(及物及物)Pleaseturneverylightinthehouseoff.动词短语2、熟悉同一动词和不同介词或副词、不同、熟悉同一动词和不同介词或副词、不同的动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的差异。的差异。(1)同一动词和不同介词搭配时，意义上的差同一动词和不同介词搭配时，意义上的差异。如：异。如：hearfrom收到收到的来信，的来信，hearof听说。听说。lookafter照料，照料，lookat看，看，lookfor寻找。寻找。(2)同一动词和不同副词搭配时，意义上的差同一动词和不同副词搭
5、配时，意义上的差异。如：异。如：ringback回电话回电话,ringoff挂断挂断电话电话,ringup打电话打电话putaway放好放好,puton穿，上演穿，上演,putup挂起，举起。挂起，举起。(3)不同动词和同一介词搭配时，在意义上的差不同动词和同一介词搭配时，在意义上的差异。如：异。如：lookfor寻找寻找,callfor去取去取(某物某物)，去，去接接(某人某人),askfor请求请求,waitfor等候等候,sendfor派人去叫。派人去叫。(4)不同动词和同一副词搭配时，在意义上的差不同动词和同一副词搭配时，在意义上的差异。如：异。如：breakout发生，爆炸发生，爆炸
6、,carryout进行，开展进行，开展,goout熄灭熄灭,handout分发分发,letout放出放出,lookout当心当心,sellout卖完卖完,setout出发出发,takeout取出取出,workout算出。算出。breakdown出毛病出毛病,comedown落下来落下来,getdown下车下车,takedown取下取下,writedown写下。写下。动词短语动词短语是考查的一个热点，从题设上看，主要有以下是考查的一个热点，从题设上看，主要有以下几个方式：几个方式：1）同一个动词，后面加上不同的小品词）同一个动词，后面加上不同的小品词（即介词或副词）；（即介词或副词）；2）不同的
7、动词，后面加上相同的小品词；）不同的动词，后面加上相同的小品词；3）动词不同，小品词也不同。最后一种应）动词不同，小品词也不同。最后一种应该是最难的，因为它考查面广，且灵活多变。该是最难的，因为它考查面广，且灵活多变。动词短语在语言中具有极强的生命力和表现力。动词短语在语言中具有极强的生命力和表现力。纵观近几年考试，集中考查的动词短语主要由纵观近几年考试，集中考查的动词短语主要由make，take，set，give，put，carry，come，get，keep，look，cut等动词构成。等动词构成。常见高频动词短语常见高频动词短语1.breakbreakaway摆脱；逃跑breakdown
8、（机器）出故障；中断；分解breakinto闯入；打断；突然中断breakoff中断；折断；突然停止breakout突然发生；爆发breakthrough突破；克服；挣脱而出breakup打碎；中断；分解breakin破门而入；打断（谈话）；2.bringbringabout引起；造成bringdown使倒下；使下降；使受挫折bringforward提出；提前（=putforward）bringintooperation实施；使生效bringout显示出来；出版；生产bringup提出；教育；培养；吐出bringback把-送回；使想起；恢复bringin引进；挣得3.callcallfor需
9、要；要求；邀请calloff取消；停止callon看望；号召callup打电话；使人想起；召集callat访问callin请来；召集callback回电话；召回1.Wecalled_Mikeshouseyesterday.2.Allshipssailingontheoceanscall_helpbyradioinEnglish.3.Illcall_myuncleatBeijingRailwayStation.4.Letscall_adoctorforthelittlegirl.5.Manyofthesesongscalled_theworkerstotakeupthestruggle.6.Is
10、hallcall_himtomorrow.atforforinonon4.ComeComeat攻击;向.冲去comeabout发生comeacross偶遇；碰到；讲清楚comealong进展；成功；一道走comedown下降；病倒；传下来comeoff发生；举行；成功comeon快点；走吧；有进展comeout出来；结果是出版comeround/around再现；恢复知觉；改变看法comethrough经历；获得成功cometo苏醒；达到；总数为comeup发生；走上前去;(时间)快到comeupto达到（高度、程度）；符合comeupagainst碰到（困难）comeupwith赶上；提出1
11、.I came _ him first in Beijing.2.Come _,try it again.3.Ill help you too if any beast comes _ you.4.It is impossible for a dead animal to come _ .5.The airplane came _ in that field.downacrossonatto5.cutcutacross绕劲道穿过；超越；遮住cutback削减；终止；急忙返回cutdown削减；减少cutin插嘴；打断；突然出来cutoff切断；中断；隔绝cutout删掉；戒掉cutshort中
12、断；打断；缩短1.Letscut_theunimportantdetails2.Theropeistwofeetlongerthanweneeded，sowecut_theextralength3.Thetelephoneoperatorcutus_beforewehadfinishedourconversation4.Thetelephoneoperatorcut_andsaidthatIhadalreadyspoken3minutesoutoffInoff6.carrycarryon继续；坚持carryout执行；实施carrythrough帮助度过难关；完成；实现7.diedieaway
13、渐弱diedown熄灭；平静下来dieof因-（病）死亡diefrom因-（外部原因）死亡dieout灭绝；绝种bedyingtodosth.迫切想做某事1.Hecarried_theplanwithoutdifficulty2.Perseverancewillcarryaman_3.Iexpectmysontocarry_thefamilytraditionoutthroughon8.givegiveaway赠送；颁发；泄露；告发；失去giveout分发；公布；公开；用完（vi）;耗尽（vi）giveoff发出；放出giveup放弃；自首；将-交给某人（tosb.）;对某人不报希望（onsb
14、.）givein屈服；投降；让步；上交；呈交1.Inthosedays,heusedtogive_apartofhisincometohelphisfriend.2.Bothsidesarguedwithreason,andneitherwouldgive_.3.Iftheyareburned,theygive_poisonousgases.4.Whentheymadereadytoclimbthenextridge（山脊），theyfoundthattheiroxygenhadgiven_.outoffinaway9.gogoalong进展；陪同前往goby时间过去；经过；遵守godown下
15、降；下沉；下跌gofor去；选择；想要；攻击（用语言）goinfor从事；爱好；参加（选拔赛、考试等）gointo研究；调查，从事gooff离开；爆炸；食品变坏；断电；熄灭；（与副词连用或用于疑问句）进行；发生goon继续进行；发生；上场goout离开；熄灭；过时goover浏览；仔细查看；检查；审查gothrough通过；经历（苦难）；仔细检查goup上升；增长；涨价1.Thecrocodilewent_underthewater.2.Ifyouneverreadthenewspapers,youllneverknowwhatsgoing_intheworld.3.Theywent_thei
16、rlessonstogetheratnight.4.Thepolicewent_veryroomofthebuilding.throughoverondown10.getgetthrough浏览；翻阅；经历困难（痛苦）；做完某事getin收割；收获；收集；购买；买进；插话getover克服；战胜；熬过；做完；结束；走完geton继续；进行；上车getround传播；散播；说服某人；回避；避开getabout四处走动；传开getacross传达；使-让人理解getalong/on(with)进展；相处1.Thebankrobbersusedastolencartoget_.2.Haveyougo
17、t_thebookyoulenthim?3.Thismistakemaygethim_difficulties.4.Ittookusonlyfourminutestoget_theCustoms(海关).5.BeforeIcouldget_aword,hehadmeasuredme,andwasgivingordersforeveningsuits,.inthroughintobackaway有着共同介词的有着共同介词的动词短语动词短语v1.动词+about(8)vbringabout引起,使发生vcareabout关心,对.有兴趣vcomeabout发生vhearabout听说vsetabo
18、ut着手,开始vspeak/talkabout谈论vthinkabout思考vworryabout为.担心2.动词+away(14)blow away吹走 break away摆脱 carry away拿走,使入迷 clear away清除掉,消散 die away逐渐消失 give away背弃,泄露 pass away 去世 put away收拾起来,存起来 send away让走开 take away拿走 throw away 扔掉 turn away把.打发走 wash away冲走 wear away磨掉,消耗3.动词+at(18)aim at向.瞄准 call at拜访地点 com
19、e at 向.袭击 glance at匆匆一瞥 glare at怒视 knock at敲门,窗等 laugh at嘲笑 look at看,注视 point at指向 v4.动词动词+back(6)vcallback回电话vgiveback归还vholdback控制住vkeepback隐瞒,忍住vlookback回顾vtakeback拿回,收回v5.动词动词+down(13)vbreakdown坏了,垮了,分解vbringdown使.降低,使倒下vburndown烧毁vcalmdown平静下来vcomedown下落,传下vcutdown削减,砍倒vpassdown传下来vputdown记下,写下
20、,镇压vsettledown安家vslowdown慢下来v6.动词动词+for(18)vapplyfor申请vaskfor要求得到vbegfor乞求vcallfor要求,需要vcarefor关心,喜欢vchangefor用.换vchargefor收费,要价vcomefor来拿,来取vhope/wishfor希望得到v7.动词动词+from(9)vdatefrom始于.时候vdiefrom因.而死vdifferfrom与.不同vhearfrom收到.来信vkeep/stop/preventfrom不让.做vlearnfrom向.学习vresultfrom由于vseparatefrom把.分离开v
21、sufferfrom受.苦v8.动词动词+of(10)vapproveof赞成vbecomeof发生.情况,怎么啦vcomplainof抱怨vconsistof由.组成vdieof死于vdreamof梦到vhearof听说vspeakof读到vtalkof谈到vthinkof想到v9.动词动词+off(21)vbreakoff打断vcarryoff携走,带走vcomeoff脱掉,褪色vcutoff切断,断绝vfalloff跌落,掉下vgetoff脱下衣服等vgetoff下车vgiveoff散发出vgooff走开,消失,坏了v10.动词动词+on(18)vbringon使.发展vcallon拜访
22、vcarryon继续,进行vdependon依靠vfeedon以.为生vhaveon穿着vinsiston坚持vkeep/goon继续vliveon以.为生vlookon旁观三词以上的短语动词三词以上的短语动词(vaddupto总计vbreakawayfrom摆脱vcatchsightof看见vcatchupwith赶上vcomeintobeing出现vdoawaywith废除vdowellin在.干得好vgetcloseto接近vgetdownto认真开始vgetintothehabitof染上.的习惯vget on/along with和.相处 vget out of逃避,避免 vget
23、rid of摆脱 vget used to习惯于 vgo on with继续 vhelp oneself to随便吃,用 vkeep an eye on堤防 vkeep away fro避开,别靠近 vkeep in touch with保持联系 vkeep up with 赶上 vlook down on 轻视 vlook forward to盼望 vlook up to仰望,尊敬 vtake pride in为.而自豪 vtake the place of取代1.Canyoumakeasentencetothemeaningofthephrase?A.showoffB.turnoutC.b
24、ringoutD.takein本题答案为：C.句意为“你能造一个句子来阐明这个短语的意思吗”？showoff意为“炫耀、卖弄”，turnout意为“结果是（出乎意料）”，takein意为“理解、领悟、受欺骗”，而bringout意为“拿出、解释、说明”，所以选C.2Hismotherhadthoughtitwouldbegoodforhischaractertofromhomeandearnsomemoneyonhisown.A.runawayB.takeawayC.keepawayD.getaway本题答案为：D.runaway意为“逃跑”，takeaway意为“拿走、带走”，keepawa
25、y意为“使远离或不靠近”，而getaway意为“离开”，所以选D.3Hewasinhospitalforsixmonths.Hefeltasifhewasfromtheoutsideworld.A.cutoutB.cutoffC.cutupD.cutthrough本题答案为：B.cutout意为“裁剪、删除”，cutup意为“切碎、打伤”，cutthrough意为“从中开辟出一条路”，而cutoff意为“切断、中断”，所以选B.4Itwasnotaseriousillness,andshesoonit.A.gotoverB.gotonwithC.gotroundD.gotoutof本题答案为：
26、A.getonwith意为“进展、与相处”，getround意为“说服、笼络某人”，getoutof意为“逃走、从中摆脱出来”，而getover意为“康复、复原”，所以选A5Beforethewarbrokeout,manypeopleinsafeplacespossessionstheycouldnottakewiththem.A.threwawayB.putawayC.gaveawayD.carriedaway本题答案为：B.throwaway意为“扔掉”，giveaway意为“泄露、赠送”，carryaway意为“带走、带离”，而putaway意为“把放起来/收起来、储存、备用”，所以选
27、B.6Itiscertainthathewillhisbusinesstohissonwhenhegetsold.A.takeoverB.thinkoverC.handoverD.goover本题答案为：C.takeover意为“接管、接收”，thinkover意为“努力思考”，goover意为“复习”，而handover意为“交接、转移”，所以选C.7Itstenyearssincethescientistonhislifesworkofdiscoveringthevaluablechemical.A.madeforB.setoutC.tookoffD.turnedup本题答案为：B.mak
28、efor意为“走向、驶向、有助于、有利于”，takeoff意为“脱下、起飞、成功、取消”，turnup意为“出现、露面”，而setout意为“开始、着手”，所以选B8fortheglass!ItsOK.Imwearingshoes.A.LookoutB.WalkoutC.GooutD.Setout本题答案为：A.Walkout意为“走出去”，Goout意为“出去”，Setout意为“出发、开始、着手”，而Lookoutfor意为“小心、提防”，所以选A.9Heaccidentlythathehadquarreledwithhiswifeandthathehadntbeenhomeforacou
29、pleofweeks.A.letoutB.tookcareC.madesureD.madeout本题答案为：A.takecare意为“小心、照顾”，makesure意为“确保、确信”，makeout意为“使出来”，而letout意为“透露、泄露”，所以选A.10Thefinalexaminationiscomingupsoon.Itsforustoourstudies.A.getdowntoB.getoutC.getbackforD.getover本题答案为：A.getout意为“使出去/离开、逃脱”，getbackfor意为“回来、取”，getover意为“爬过、克服、恢复”，而getdow
30、nto意为“开始、着手”，所以选A.1.How lovely these children are!YeahThey_ memories of my childhoodA.called outB.called forC.called up D.called on 2.Many kids _ the net bar,and _had a bad effect on their studies.A.are addicted to;it B.get engaged in;which C.are related to;whatD.are addicted to;which3After studying
31、 in a medical college for five years,Jane_her job as a doctor in the countryside.Aset out Btook overCtook up Dset up4.Though we _serious natural disasters,we are sure to overcome all difficulties.give awayB.affect with C.suffer from D.deal with5.The shop assistant was fired as she was _ of cheating
32、customers Aaccused Bcharged Cblamed Dcaught 6.Asked suddenly about the matter,he couldnt_an answer at once.A.come up with B.look for C.put up with D.answer for7.My daughter is not sure what to_ at the university;she cant make up her mind about her future.A.take up B.make up C.pick upD.build up8.His
33、colleagues _ him though he himself didnt think he had done anything special.A.thought highly of B.looked up to C.sing high praise of D.show great respect for9.Hard work and lack of sleep have _ her beauty and youth in recent years A.worn out B.tried out C made out Dsent out10.Its obvious that the Beijing Olympic Games a great seccess Akept Bshowed C proved Dremained
