1、第四章 阅读理解【例1】(2014年广东省初中毕业生学业考试英语试题)AWhat better way to welcome spring than by helping to clean up the town we all live in! Here in Rockland we have a Spring Cleanup Day every year in April.The Cleanup Day 2014 will be April 20th.It will start with a town cleanup at 8 oclock in the morning, and a tre
2、e planting activity at the Rockland Park is to follow in the afternoon.One thousand young trees are sure to make the park greener and prettier.We will divide the people coming to help into eight teams for eight different areas.As usual, we will provide gloves, rubbish bags and other cleaning tools.Y
3、ou will also get free lunches and Tshirts when the cleanup ends at noon.We are going to have a friendly competition to see which team can pick up the most rubbish.Bring your kids with you.It is a great chance to teach them to care for the environment around us.We have free drinks and chocolate candi
4、es for the children at the park.Meeting: At the gate of Rockland Park, the town hall at 330 Jones Street, or the corner of Palace Street and North Street.Signup (报名): Call 5862397 on weekdays, or visit our website below any time you like.()56.The Spring Cleanup Day in Rockland is held _.Aonce a mont
5、h Btwice a month Conce a year Dtwice a year()57.People in Rockland can help to _ on the afternoon of April 20th.Aclean up the town Btake care of the kidsCplant trees in the park Dpaint the park greener()58.People joining in the Cleanup Day will NOT _.Aget lunches and Tshirts for free Bbe provided wi
6、th cleaning toolsCwork in teams to do the cleaning Dtake young trees home to plant()59.According to the poster, the activities are a great chance to teach the kids to _.Aprotect the environment Bget free drinks and candiesCpick up the most rubbish Ddo cleaning and plant trees()60.Which of the follow
7、ing is TRUE?AYou can call 5862397 to sign up any time you like.BPeople can visit to sign up.CThe town hall is at the corner of Palace Street and North Street.DPeople can meet for the activities only at the gate of Rockland Park.答案与解析本文是一张海报，宣传2014年春季清洁日活动的相关情况。 56C细节理解题。从第一段第二句中的“every year in April
8、”可知活动是每年举办一次。57C细节理解题。从第二段第一句中的“and a tree planting activity at the Rockland Park is to follow in the afternoon”可知下午要做的事情是在公园种树。58D细节理解题。从第三段可知D项内容文章没有提到。59A细节理解题。从第四段第二句可知这些活动是教孩子们保护环境的好机会。60B细节理解题。从最后一段可知A项是错误的，B项是正确的；从第五段可知C、D两项是错误的。BTo us, it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the wa
9、ter off when it rains.But in fact the umbrella was not invented as protection against the rain.Its first use was as a shade (遮蔽) against the sun.Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times.Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, back in the eleventh cen
10、tury BC.We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade.And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a symbol of honor and power (权力)In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by those in high office or by royal people
11、such as the kings or queens.In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade.The umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece, but it is believed that the first people in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans.During the middle ages in
12、 Europe, the use of the umbrella almost disappeared.Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century.And again it became a symbol of power.Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight.It wasnt until the twentieth century t
13、hat the umbrellas for women began to be made in all kinds of colors.()61.Ancient people first used umbrellas as _.Aa symbol of honor Bprotection against the sunCa symbol of power Dprotection against the rain()62.According to the passage, the umbrella was probably first used in ancient _.AEgypt BBaby
14、lon CRome DChina()63.The underlined word “royal” might mean _ in Chinese.A皇室的 B富裕的 C中产的 D平民的()64.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?AThe ancient Greeks used the umbrella in their daily life.BEuropeans hardly used the umbrella during the middle ages.CThe umbrellas for women
15、were made colorful in ancient times.DThe style of the umbrella hasnt changed a lot since it was invented.()65.This passage is mainly about _.Athe sales of the umbrella Bthe differences among umbrellasCthe invention of the umbrella Dthe history and the use of the umbrella答案与解析本文是一篇说明文，介绍雨伞的历史和用途。61B细
16、节理解题。从第一段最后一句可知在古代，雨伞开始是作为遮阳的工具。62D细节理解题。从第二段第二句可知选D。63A词句理解题。从第三段最后一句“by royal people such as the kings or queens”可推断选A。64C细节理解题。从文章最后一句可知直到二十世纪，雨伞才变得五颜六色，故C项是错误的。从第四段第二句可知A项是正确的，从第四段第三句可知B项是正确的，从最后一段第一句可知D项是正确的。65D归纳概括题。从整篇文章可知本文是介绍雨伞的历史和用途。C配对阅读左栏是五则寻找宠物的启事，右栏是七则宠物招领的启事。请根据左右两栏的信息帮助宠物的主人找到丢失的宠物。(
17、)66.Animal LOST 5/23/2014A black cat, old and thin.Hes about 14 years old.Our children have grown up with him and he is part of our family.If you see him, please call us right away.Posted by: Debbie 6424111()67.Animal LOST 6/5/2014Medium short haired, all black, about two years old, ears standing up
18、, a very sweet dog.Posted by: Kori 3480542()68.Animal LOST 5/4/2014A dog, 3 months old.She is brown with white hairs on her chest.Her eyes are greenish colored.Her nose is pink.Posted by: Senia 3405442()69.Animal LOST 4/30/20141/2 years old.She has big ears and white chest with white front legs.She
19、is a small dog and weighs about 6 pounds.One of her front legs got hurt, so she walks with difficulties.Posted by: Jennifer Tomlinson 3607734()70.Animal LOST 5/11/2014Our pet is a small, medium white haired, 4yearold cat.She has two big eyes and they are bright green.Posted by: Lauren 2407131A.I fou
20、nd a cat in my backyard around NW Street on May 11th, 2014.Its a small cat with white hairs and big green eyes.Please call Paul Smith at 9503341.BA wounded dog was found at the corner of my house at Millplain on April 30th, 2014.She has white front legs and big ears.Please call me at 9108846.CA whit
21、e dog was found in our yard playing with our dog on March 23rd, 2014.She is a lovely big dog.There seems something wrong with one of her legs.Call Mr.Adamson at 8024156.DOur kids found a cat close to our house at SW Alexander Street.Its a black cat.It is old and thin.Please call Gordon at 7768585.EA
22、 cat was found in my garden on April 30th, 2014.Its old and thin.Please call Jeff at 8034477.FA baby dog was found around Kauffman Street.Its about 35 months old.She has green eyes and a pink nose.Please call Morrie at 9019968.GI found a dog at Molalla Area on June 5th, 2014.Its a small black dog, a
23、bout 2 years old.Please call Larry at 7058864.答案与解析66D题中“A black cat, old and thin.”与右栏D项的“a black cat, old and thin”相匹配。从猫丢失的时间来看，可排除E项。67G题中“black, about two years old”与右栏G项的“black, about 2 years old”相匹配。68F题中“Her eyes are greenish colored.Her nose is pink.”与右栏F项的“She has green eyes and a pink nos
24、e.”相匹配。69B题中“big ears and white chest with white front legs, got hurt”与右栏B项的“A wounded dog, white front legs and big ears”相匹配。70A题中“a small, medium white haired, big eyes, bright green”与右栏A项的“a small cat with white hairs and big green eyes”相匹配。【例2】(2013年广东省初中毕业生学业考试试题)A Wildwood School Library Guide
25、This will offer you some information about our school library.You can use this guide to help your kids use our library.Service hours：3：00 pm.5：30 pm.on school days; 8：30 am.11：00 am.on weekendsOn school days, your kids may borrow or return books during opening hours only when his classroom teacher a
26、llows him to.At the weekend, our library is open to both you and your kids.Borrowing：Each student can borrow one or two books at a time.More books can be borrowed only for class reading activities and school research.Returning：Books borrowed from the library can be kept for 15 school days.The books
27、must be returned before the due (到期的) date or the kid can not borrow other books.Damaged (受损的) or Lost Books：When a book is returned in a damaged condition, the kid will have to pay three dollars for the damage.Full price must be paid if a book is lost.We encourage students to carry their library bo
28、oks in plastic bags to protect them from rainy weather.Please call us at 33621323 for more information.()56.Students can borrow more than two books at a time_.Afor reading exams Bto do school researchCfor afterschool activities Dto read together with their parents()57._ must be paid when a student l
29、oses the book he borrows.AThree dollars BHalf the price of the bookCFull price of the book DTwice the price of the book()58.The students are advised to _ to prevent rain.Acarry their library books in plastic bags Bcover their library books with raincoatsCput their library books into their pockets Dk
30、eep their library books in their classrooms()59.This library guide is for_.Ateachers from Wildwood School Bworkers in Wildwood School Library.Cvisitors to Wildwood School Dparents of the Wildwood School students()60.Which of the following is NOT true?AThe library is open for two and a half hours eve
31、ry day.BStudents parents can go to the school library on weekends.CStudents can go to the library during opening hours as they like.DStudents can keep the books that they borrow for fifteen school days.答案与解析本文描述的是怀尔德伍德学校图书馆的相关借书指南。56B细节理解题。根据Borrowing中的“More books can be borrowed only for class read
32、ing activities and school research.”可知选B。57C细节理解题。根据Damaged or Lost Books中的“Full price must be paid if a book is lost.”可知选C。58A细节理解题。根据Damaged or Lost Books中的“We encourage students to carry their library books in plastic bags to protect them from rainy weather.”可知选A。59D推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“You can use thi
33、s guide to help your kids use our library.”可知选D。60C推理判断题。根据Service hours中的“On school days, your kids may borrow or return books during opening hours only when his classroom teacher allows him to.”可知C项表述有误。BIn nature, you may see many insects (昆虫) and animals of different colors.Have you ever wondere
34、d why?Locusts are super delicious food for birds, but it is not always an easy job for birds to catch them.It is neither because locusts are good jumpers or runners nor because they are smarter than their enemies.The reason is that the colors of locusts change with the colors of crops (庄稼)When crops
35、 are young, locusts look green.But when autumn comes, locusts change to the yellow and brown color as crops do.Brown bears, tigers and other animals move quietly through forests.They cant be seen easily by their enemies.This is because they have colors similar to the trees.For the same reason, polar
36、 bears that live on a land of snow and ice are white.Butterflies and bees living among the flowers are colorful like flowers.Soil insects are mostly darkcolored and they live under the soil (土壤) in a dark and wet environment.However, insects with colors different from plants can easily be found and
37、eaten by others.So in order to survive, they have to hide themselves in the daytime and appear only at night.Have you ever noticed some even stranger acts? The ink fish in the sea can send out some very black ink when it faces danger.As the ink spreads over, its enemies will find themselves suddenly
38、 in a dark world.At the same time the ink fish immediately swims away.That is how it keeps itself safe though it is not strong at all.()61.It is not easy for birds to catch locusts because_.Alocusts are good runners Blocusts can jump very highClocusts are smarter than birds Dlocusts can change their
39、 colors()62.According to the passage, most soil insects_.Ado not have bright colors Bchange their colors with the soilCdo not live in a dark and wet environment Deat colorful insects like butterflies and bees()63.Whats the meaning of the underlined word “survive” in the passage?A繁殖 B产卵 C觅食 D生存()64.T
40、he ink fish_ so that its enemies will not see it.Achanges its color Bmakes the water around it blackCappears only at night Dhides itself in the sea rocks()65.What is the main idea of this passage?ASome insects and animals have different skills.BSome insects and animals are cleverer than we think.CSo
41、me insects and animals use colors to protect themselves.DSome insects and animals can get used to the environment easily.答案与解析本文主要讲述的是昆虫和其他动物能够生存的原因它们和周围的颜色、环境等有关。61D细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“The reason is that the colors of locusts change with the colors of crops.”可知选D。62A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Soil insects are mostly
42、 darkcolored and they live under the soil in a dark and wet environment.”可知选A。63D词句理解题。根据上下文可知，为了生存，颜色鲜艳的昆虫不得不白天隐藏自己，到了晚上才出现。故选D。64B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The ink fish in the sea can send out some very black ink when it faces danger.As the ink spreads over, its enemies will find themselves suddenly in a dark
43、 world.”可知选B。65C归纳概括题。文章的第一、第二和第三段都在讲昆虫的颜色，故选C。C配对阅读左栏是五个人对家电用品需求的描述，右栏是七种家电用品(electric product)功能的介绍。请根据每个人的需求，为他们选择合适的家电用品。()66.Bob is often late for school because he always gets up late.This makes his teacher mad.He needs to buy something to wake him up in the morning.()67.Tim likes listening to
44、 music when he is free.And he has to send emails to his customers (顾客) every day.He wants to buy something that can help him.()68.Summer has come.Tony is fat and he cant sleep well on such hot days.This troubles him a lot.Hed like to buy something to make him feel cool.()69.Alice often washes her ha
45、ir late at night.It is often wet when she goes to bed.She is going to buy something that can dry her hair in a short time.()70.Susan is a housewife.She has to do the washing for her family every day.She gets tired of it.She is in need of a product to do it for her.A.This electric product can make yo
46、u cool during the hot days.It can help you change the temperature and control the humidity (湿度) of your room.BYou can do many things with this product, such as sending emails, playing games, getting on line and so on.You can also listen to the music with it when you want to relax.CThis electric prod
47、uct is useful to all of us.People often have one at home.It is often put up on the wall.If you want to know the time, just take a look at it.DThis can help you wash your dirty clothes and dry them.What you need to do is to turn it on and later hang the clothes on the line.With this electric product, life will be a lot easier for you.EEach family nee
