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UDC p GB/T 50095-2014 Standard for essential terminology and symbol in hydrology 2014-12-02*1 2015-08-01 Mt!lfl A o 1t m o fJjX!it i!t gB lflA,oftflJaj Standard for essential terminology and symbol in hydrology GB/T 50095-2014 W fl:J=ft$A *00 1.K f1J$mmwn=9=t$A*oottmfrliflX ltiiW MP:1-T B AA:2 o 1 s!8 Jl 1 B 2014:tt Afll 00 OO*t!Ffl 11 x*i!ll Z4 It GB/T 50095-2014*qi H1tu ili Jt&U tH Jt&hl::f:tf!.hl:j t JiCm g3 f/JX lR*!ti?.j t Ji!ff1 11 q-00*:k JJl C 3 fil ffi if&:f-q:1ooo3 8 rt i!:Co 1 o)6 3 9 o 6 4 3 3 C:&:fi:ffiD$Jr5 t*Ji.fr?Jr it.rr j t g m f4 li1.EfJ ijjrj:fl&!1t ff 0 ti ffJ Af)rj 850mmX l 168mm 1/32 16 ffJ 5-lE 409-f-2O15 6 J 1 Jt&2o15 6 J 1?X E:p Af)rj*45%:1580242 652;1ft:88.00 7G Jt&fJl.PJf fJl.1it:H1l Ft!i!:co10)63906404 o fi 11*J.9J:It!OJ Ji.!,-wt 1f*u ill Jt&$iJiJ 587 Ji5-1 J%?;j!$*.-Tit.*tl il(7j(x *ift fQ i1%f/J il)8110-ff ttt ft(7j()C *ffi fl r4%t;F il)7J 00 t!F il%7J GB/T 50095-2014,20151:F 8 Jj 1 B JlMP:o)Jj(7j()C*iftfl1r4%tfl)GB/T 50095-98 St Jll:o*mwmMmmoo*ilittm 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2)6.1-JiJi.:f:i!.(142)6.2 7J x ff 1ll.(14 8)6.3 mtblrCmt.(149)6.4,J x m .c 1 s 4)2 6.5 m 1.K t!l!*.c 15 6)6.6;f;!t7j(jjl!1fl.(158)6.7 Jfcf!l!11i.(159)6.8 7j(t!l!tm!J.(159)6.9 7j(!fi:jjj!1fl.(159)6.10 ff J:!Ii*.(15 9)7 7j()C 7j(ff J it.(161)1.1*m.c161)1.2 1.K x!1f.it m 1.K x c 16 5)7.3 i&t it 7j(.(1 71)7.4 i&tit:1-12mt.(176)1.s i&tit.:t:m c111)7.6 PJfmfi:*PJfmfi:*7j(179)7.7 f.1J:f!lj f.1J:(181)7.8 7j(ff J it-.(18 3)8 7j(1J!.(18 6)8.1*m.c186)8.2 7j(lfti if tft.(18 8)8.3 7j(*?t:tff.(192)8.4 7j(:JGIJ (19 3)8.s 1Jc m 3f:&.ff J m c 1 9 s)9 1.J.ff m.c 1 9 9)9.1*.(199)9.2 7j(l!n:.(202)9.3 7j(ml if tft.(2 0 6)9.4 7j(1*.(210)10 7.J.(213)io.1#m.c213)10.2 7j(*.(214)3 10.3 7.J.i.5.fi!i.(215)10.4 f.(217)11 7j(x)(ff lk it:I:.(219)11.1 M*i!c219)1 1.2 7.J.)C ij!tl *.(2 2 0)11.3 1.Jlff*C22D 11.4 1.1.m,1.J.fffil.ritXW.tJJ!HSlff*c225)1i.5 1Jlff*c23D 11.7 iJet);ij!tl,iJet);*1L?tfJT1Slff*.(237)1 i.s it!r 1.Jl ff*.(2 4 2)11.1 0 If JKr tJJ!tl 1Sl ff*.(2 4 3)11.11 7.J.ff Jlr tJJ!tl 1Sl ff*.(2 4 4)11.12 JJ.)C i;JJij!tl1fl*.(244)11.13 7.J.)C it:It.(2 4 7)12 7j(x .(2 5 3)12.1 f.Bt*i!.(253)12.2 1:2mt.(254)12.3 .(255)12.4 7J.Jf7J.)C (256)12.5 rPJlltC1*)UiiXW.tJJ!tl c256)12.6:lt!r1J.fll1J.c256)13%.(258)A&#m JI C262)B&#i-!JI C364)*f F tt.m i .(4 6 7):x i .(4 6 9)4 Contents 1 General provisions (1)2 Common terms (2)2.1 Basic terms (2)2.2 Hydrology (3)2.3 H ydrologic cycle (5)2.4 H ydrometeorology(11)2.5 Watershed and drainage system (18)2.6 River regime (27)2.7 2.8 Sediment Ice regime(30)(34)2.9 I.ake and reservior (3 9)2.10 Mi re (4 5)2.11 Glacier (4 7)2.12 Estuarine tide (49)2.13 Soil moisture (53)2.14 Groundwater (55)2.15 Urban hydrology (6 7)3 Hydrometric station network (69)3.1 Basic terms (69)3.2 Hydrometric station (70)3.3 Classification of hydrometric station according to monitoring features (71)3.4 Classification of hydrometric station according to service purposes(73)5 3.5 Classification of hydrometric station according to layout locatior1 (71)3.6 Classification of hydrometric station according to operating mode (7 5)3.7 Hydrometric station network (76)3.8 Hydrometric monitoring settings (77)3.9 Management of hydrometric station network (78)4 Hydrologic monitoring C 80)4.1 Basic terms (80)4.2 Hydrometric infrastructure and measurement (82)4.3 Precipitation and evaporation observation (87)4.4 Stage,water temporature,and wave observation (88)4.5 Depth and cross-section measurement (90)4.6 Flow velocity,flow direction,and discharge 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 measurement (92)Sediment measurement and particle size analysis(100)Groundwater observation (106)Water environment monitoring Aquatic ecology monitoring(107)(110)Ice regime o bserva ti on (111)Soil moisture monitoring Hydrometry of tidal river Hydrometry of reservior Hydrologic investigation(113)(113)(115)(117)Hydrometric error (120)5 Hydrologic data processing.(125)5.1 Basic terms (125)5.2 Hydrologic data processing and compiling (126)5.3 Hydrologic database 035)6 6 Hydro logic information anl hydrologic forecasting(142)6.l lasic tern1s (142)6.2 Hydrologic information (148)6.3 Runoff yield and flow concentration 0 49)6.4 Hydrologic model (154)6.5 Flood forecasting (156)6.6 Low-flow forecasting (158)6.7 Ice forecasting (159)6.8 Water resources predictiont (159)6.9 Water quality prediction (159)6.10 Drought regime prediction (159)7 Hydrologic computation and water conservancy 8 computation (161)7.1 Ba ic terms (161)7.2 Hydrologic statistics and stochastic hydrology (165)7.3 Design flood (171)7.4 Design annual runoff (176)7.5 Design storm (177)7.6 Probable maximum precipitation and probable maximt1m flood (179)7.7 Drainage of surface water and drainage of subsurface water 7.8 Water conservancy computation Water resources (181)(183)(186)8.1 Basic terms (186)8.2 Water resources survey and assessment (188)8.3 8.4 Water resources system analysis Water resources planning(192)(193)8.5 Water resources development and utilization Cl 95)9 Water environment (199)7 9.1 Basic terms (199)9.2 Water environment quality (202)9.3 Assessment of water environment quality (206)9.4 Water environment protection (210)10 Hydroecology (213)10.1 Basic terms (213)10.2 10.3 Aqua tic ecos ys tern H ydroecological assessment(214)(215)10.4 Ecological restoration (217)11 Hydrometric instrument and measuring (219)11.1 Basic terms (21 9)11.2 Hydrometric device (220)11.3 Devices for precipitation and evaporation observation 11.4 Devices for stage,water temporature,and wave(221)observation (225)11.5 Devices for depth and cross-section measurement (230)11.6 Devices for flow velocity,flow direction,and discharge measurement (231)11.7 Devices for sediment measurement and particle size analysis (237)11.8 Devices for groundwater observation (240)11.9 Devices for ice regime observation (242)11.10 Devices for soil moisture monitoring(243)11.11 Devices for water environment monitoring (244)11.12 Hydrologic data acquisition system (244)11.13 H ydrometric measuring (2 4 7)12 Hydrologic experiment (253)12.1 Basic terms (253)12.2 Runoff experiment.,.(254)8 12.3 Evaporation experiment (255)12.4 Hydrologic experiment of reservoir (256)12.5 Observation experiment on fluvial process (256)12.6 Groundwater and soil water experiment (256)13 Symbol (258)Appendix A Index entry for Chinese-English (262)Appendix B Index entry for English-Chinese (364)Explanation of wording in this standard (467)Addi ti on:Explanation of provisions C 469)9 1 1.o.1 1.J!Jt 007JX E8*7f:irtlilimffl%,flJ-T1Jilt!00 r*J)Jj(Xf4 tt#ifit,1t 1917j(Xf4 tt*mk,1fftj E*f Ito 1.o.2*t!Fllmffl T7lX9r Ift bzJJX-1tkf4E8f4 tt?f:iiJF 0 1.o.3 7lX*?f:iff%Mit*t1F11E),r6JMito fr:ff t1F1tE8E o 1 2 Wffl*i!2.1-tt*ifi 2.1.1 7j()C hydrology*#o 2.1.2 7j(water 1-Uffi-T-iDi-T-it!Jm,A H20,xxSA1*,nt,llfil#*1-T fII 7j(l1fil fYJ Jj(fYJ 7j(ft 0 2.1.3 7j(Im hydrosphere Jtl!f3j(7j(1*,fYJ 0 2.1.4 7j(1*water body 1C!tX:AI%1.K fJl1*,1QJr$,iiiJr!tt C iiiJ),ia C1.K$),iN if OJtf!),Jj(JJ I,fR,Jtf!T 1.K*Im 1.K o 2.1.5 Jtl!7j(surface water tiE-r1nJ 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1iJf J-1:UJc J 1 r rr 7-t f5,*fU lli:ZjJ,fJJ J 1 r PMt;j(12 mt f1J%nX:ii w,Jj(Jr r r Jk f1J*m 1M fl1 rm i9!f1J f-4 o 2.2.12 mzJtj;j(;t applied hydrology illffl*-X&*#f1Jm,*x fjJ Jai 12;fOJI1t,11ffi*-1i It m:1;j(X Ii,11 X$f fO;J X!ff!fll n*BJf4o 2.2.12.1#JJrff 7j(Y:_ urban hydrology 1jJf 1E !t -rJJ fJl J$ff)$,:U rTi it nr:n ff Jj(X Ji WJJf-4 o 2.2.12.2 jJf*;j(Y:_ forest hydrology*:ii*KffJ f 4,t8#l*xt;j(:il,;J.x Fff fO;j(&t J or:n JJ.;j(7 111.i:ct fl 9=t xt *1:-L it 11 ffJ ft ffl o 2.2.12.3 7j(_X agricultural hydrology Wf3l;Jc*-t1i*9=1 SJfF*1-K:f4 ffJJj(X fn LJk M*1*ffJ#o 2.2.12.4 I;j()C engineering hydrology jg IfjJlU f:l:it I if ll 1ilkJ 1;j(x 1t ffS ffJ f-4,m 7j()C tvHlt 7j(Xit-7j(5f1Ht-*-1;j(1i5t if 1fr 0 2.2.13 ruHtfL;JY:1l!J:stochastic hydrology*tt*X*mtt%*)C#o 2.2.14 ffm;j(:)(environmental hydrology 1Vf A rr!i:rg151 ff;J x ff 1-tRJt PF z rm ffl IL!R*B:f4 0 4 2.2.15 1:_;J.x ecohydrology W*k*llffili*ffl,filffl m*1 m,J,!fm xt;t:7J.PF:rt 8J m 11:,ta*1t xt rnr J 1112 1t-I:J iiJ i1t JJ fj lJ o(u lZ ii;fj1 ;j()C 1Jfil Pf fsJ(jJ&tlfl m jfl!l ft:f4 0 2.2.16 fnj 1ftt Jj()C isotope hydrology ffl&*M#o 2.2.17 IKf9-:X7j()C$regional hydrology 1iJf JHJ 4 El W:Jtf!CR(o ritJ Cl AA-4 Jtf!LR lZ T lf1 f3:)BJc t#-01 ffJ 1t 14t a1:fJto 2.2.18 Jj()Citf!$hydrogeology 1iJf itf!r,J.Bl%7t 1fl Wt tJffi t fil 1f bt flJ m -jg ff:tlffi Ji*8J#f4 0 2.2.19 jtfj$7J)C marine hydrology 1iJf*Bl4mttfn*#lJbtm$lJ$f4o 2.3 7J x.$2.3.1 Jj()C 11 ff(JJ 11 Pf)hydro 1 o gi c cycle Jtf!l:E-:X:IK J*J,1 Jc E mi H fO 11 iJ ft JifF,1J.?t Jfil ii 21:7j(jJ!()f 7j(A 1mtiitiWTit 1f$lJJ!M o 2.3.1.1;J 1%f ff R J3t dimension of hydro logic cycle(scale of hydrologic cycle)1iJf7Jmf f.f fff lkitf!lJ 7c1J,7ciU f3J,1J iU 1J 71 IK o 2.3.1.2 7Jf!ifF global hydrologic cycle$71 MJJtf!7J 7cJJZ!BJ ff 7Jlt3tJ!M o 2.3.1.3 jc (f)tfi Jj(ff)hydro logic cycle between ocean and continent 5 BJ Jf-Mt:L1f!z rBJ ra 1k r-:I!fl1 12 mt f1F tt1t JI E8 1k v.1k 7t 3to 2.3.1.4 Jj!Jf hydrologic cycle between ocean/land and atmosphere!Xr*z,Mi:L1f!*zE8*0 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r&l*l*ffj7j(it 0 2.3.21 CA)infiltration*
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