1、英语教师课堂话语英语教师课堂话语 一些常见问题一些常见问题南海学校南海学校 陈志军陈志军 /07/21第1页 什么是英语教师课堂话语？什么是英语教师课堂话语？简单地讲，英语教师课堂话语就是英语教简单地讲，英语教师课堂话语就是英语教师在组织和实施英语课堂教课时产生话语，师在组织和实施英语课堂教课时产生话语，其中主要是英语，也包含母语。其中主要是英语，也包含母语。第2页 一、课堂话语情景欠真实一、课堂话语情景欠真实T:Good.Sit down please.All right.Look at your teacher.I have a nice kite here.Is it nice?SS:Y
2、es.T:Is it your kite?SS:No.T:No.Do you want to fly a kite?SS:Yes.T:Yes.But you dont have one.Yes.Come here please.S:Yes,I can.It is easy.T:It is easy.This is not your kite.Borrow it.S:Can I borrow it please?T:Let me see.OK.Here you are.S:Thanks.第3页 请看下面例子：请看下面例子：T:OK now.Who will try to be my patien
3、t first?OK Lily,you please come here.S:Good morning doctor.T:Good morning.Sit down please.S:Thank you.T:Whats your name?S:My name is Lily.T:How old are you?S:Im sixteen.T:Are you a student?S:Yes.T:Which school do you study in?S:In Huaqiao Middle School.T:Show me your hand please.Whats your trouble?第
4、4页 二、课堂话语语言欠真实二、课堂话语语言欠真实T:How are you?S1:Im fine,thank you.T:What day is it today?S2:Today is Friday.T:Whats the weather like today?S3:Its fine.T:Do you like English?S4:Yes,I do.I like it very much.T:Do you have any hobbies?S5:Yes,I do.第5页 另外，在展现和讲解知识等步骤中，有些另外，在展现和讲解知识等步骤中，有些教师也存在话语不连贯、不真实问题。比如：教师也
5、存在话语不连贯、不真实问题。比如：T:I like red.Look,a red paper.Guess,whats this?(教师把红纸剪成一个苹果教师把红纸剪成一个苹果)S:Its an apple.T:Yes,its an apple.Apples are healthy fruit.(教师出示教师出示fruit 单词卡片单词卡片)第6页 三、课堂话语内容欠真实三、课堂话语内容欠真实。T:I think you are so clever.I like you very much.I want to makefriends with you.Would you like to be m
6、y friends?SS:Yes.T:When I go back,Ill call you.(这位教师在另外一这位教师在另外一个地方借班上公开课个地方借班上公开课).Look,this is my telephone number.(卡片正面写着卡片正面写着a telephone number).My telephone number is 7369852.(卡片反面写着卡片反面写着7369852)T:Do you have a telephone number?If you have a telephone number,please write it down.(稍后教稍后教师继续说话师
7、继续说话)Excuse me.Whats your telephone number?S1:My telephone number is .第7页 有时候教师考虑不周，随口说出一些内容不真有时候教师考虑不周，随口说出一些内容不真实话语。比如：实话语。比如：T:I want to go to the shop this afternoon.I want an apple.What about you?S1:I want to go to the shop.I want a banana.T:Oh,you want a banana.Sit down please.Anybody else?Yes
8、?S2:I want to go to the shop.I want a pear.第8页比如，一位教师在教授了比如，一位教师在教授了wash 这个动词这个动词,引导引导学生进行以下操演：学生进行以下操演：T:If I give you some water,what will you wash?S1:Ill wash my hands.S2:Ill wash my hair.S3:Ill wash my clothes.S4:Ill wash my bike.第9页（突然电话铃声响起，教师对学生抱歉地说（突然电话铃声响起，教师对学生抱歉地说Im sorry.然后接电话）然后接电话）A:He
9、llo.(角色角色A说话事先用手机预录好，角色说话事先用手机预录好，角色B是教是教师师)B:Hi,its Miss Wang.A:Hello,Miss Wang.What are you doing?B:Im having an English class.What about you?A:Im playing basketball.B:What about your mother?Whats she doing?A:Shes cooking dinner.B:And you father?A:Hes playing chess.B:Thank you.Bye!A:See you.第10页四、
10、教师课堂话语规范性不够四、教师课堂话语规范性不够1.课堂话语缺乏正确性课堂话语缺乏正确性 请看下面例子：请看下面例子：T:(教师头戴草帽，背着一个小萝筐教师头戴草帽，背着一个小萝筐)Hello,Im a farmer.I have a big farm.There are many vegetables on my farm.Today,Ive taken them here.Look,whats this?.类似情况还有很多，比如：类似情况还有很多，比如：T:Now he should stop doing hard work means he+had+SS:+had+better stop
11、 doing hard work.T:Again.SS:He had better stop doing hard work.第11页在在教教学学现现在在进进行行时时态态时时，教教师师会会用用开开门门和和关关门门这这两两个个动动作作在在教教室里进行现成情景教学，如：室里进行现成情景教学，如：T:Now please look at me.What am I doing?I am closing the door.I am closing the door.What am I doing?SS:You are closing the door.T:Yes.I am closing the doo
12、r.（练习（练习closing 发音若干遍）发音若干遍）T:What am I doing?I am openingthe door.I am opening the door.What am I doing?SS:You are opening the door.T:Yes.I am opening the door.(pause)I am opening my book.Im closing my book.Now the whole class,please open your books.What are you doing?SS:We are opening the books.T:
13、Now please close your books.What are you doing?SS:We are closing the books.第12页英语中除了瞬间性动词普通不用于进行时态以外，一些英语中除了瞬间性动词普通不用于进行时态以外，一些表示状态和心理活动动词也极少用于进行时态。表示状态和心理活动动词也极少用于进行时态。比如比如stand 这个词能够用于进行时态中：这个词能够用于进行时态中：如：如：My mother is standing beside me.Anna is standing there in her Sunday best.不过这些句子都有一个表示位置、方式
14、状语，不过这些句子都有一个表示位置、方式状语，beside me 和和there in her Sunday best。加上这些状语后，句子意思是加上这些状语后，句子意思是“某人站在何处某人站在何处”或或“以以某种方式站着某种方式站着”，而不表示，而不表示“正在站着正在站着”意思。意思。假如去掉这些句子中状语，这些句子就不完整。假如去掉这些句子中状语，这些句子就不完整。所以，像所以，像I am standing和和He is standing这么句子符这么句子符合语法规则，但在现实中是不存在，也是没有意义。合语法规则，但在现实中是不存在，也是没有意义。第13页2.课堂话语缺乏准确性课堂话语缺乏
15、准确性请看一个片段：请看一个片段：T:Look at the panda in the picture.What is it like?(学生无反应，教师重复学生无反应，教师重复What is it like?，学，学 生还是无反应生还是无反应)（稍等）（稍等）What color is it?S1:Its white and black.S2:It has a big head.S3:It has a short tail.第14页五、导入步骤教师话语拖沓现象五、导入步骤教师话语拖沓现象T:I think you are so clever.I like you very much.I wa
16、nt to makefriends with you.Would you like to be my friends?SS:Yes.T:When I go back,Ill call you.(这位教师在另外这位教师在另外 一个地方借班上公开课一个地方借班上公开课).Look,this is my telephone number.(卡片正面写着卡片正面写着a telephone number).My telephone number is 7369852.(卡片反面写着卡片反面写着7369852)T:Do you have a telephone number?If you have a t
17、elephone number,please write it down.(稍后教师继续说话稍后教师继续说话)Excuse me.Whats your telephone number?S1:My telephone number is .第15页 请看下面一个教学片段：请看下面一个教学片段：T:(听完一首英文歌曲之后听完一首英文歌曲之后)How do you like this song?XX,what do you think?Do you like this song?Do you know the name of the singer?S1:Sorry,I dont know.T:It
18、s OK.Does anybody know the name of the singer?S2:(过了一会，终于有些人回答过了一会，终于有些人回答)The name of the band is Westlife.T:Exactly.Do you know the name of the song?S2:You raise me up.T:You raise me up.Great.Westlife is a great band.The four boys sing very well.They are good singers.XX,would you like to be a sing
19、er in the future?S3:No.T:What would you like to be?S3:I want to be a scientist.第16页六、课堂话语冗余现象六、课堂话语冗余现象看下面一个例子：看下面一个例子：T:OK.今天我们主要学了今天我们主要学了8中颜色。那我们现在看看图往中颜色。那我们现在看看图往返答我问题。返答我问题。OK,now,what color is number one?SS:Its yellowT:What color is number two?SS:Its white.T:What color is number two?SS:Its wh
20、ite.T:What color is number three?SS:Its orange.T:What color is number four?SS:Its brown.T:What color is number five?SS:Its red.T:What color is number six?SS:Its blue.T:What color is number seven?SS:Its green.T:What color is number eight?SS:Its black.第17页七、英语教师课堂指令问题七、英语教师课堂指令问题第18页八、教师搭理学生缺乏技巧八、教师搭理学生缺乏技巧华东师大崔教授认为，理答就是教师对学生回答下华东师大崔教授认为，理答就是教师对学生回答下列问题后反应和处理，是课堂问答主要组成部分。列问题后反应和处理，是课堂问答主要组成部分。理答既是一个教学行为，也是一个教学评价。理答既是一个教学行为，也是一个教学评价。搭理几个不妥做法：搭理几个不妥做法：简单理答。简单理答。重复理答重复理答 错误理答错误理答 回避理答回避理答 武断理答。武断理答。代答理答代答理答第19页 难求最好难求最好能求更加好能求更加好第20页 Thank You第21页
