1、ed in place of standard terms for added raciness, humor, irreverence, or other effect. 俚语主要出现在非正式的、游戏性的话语中的一种语言，基本由存在时间很短的派生词和修辞构成，它们被故意地用来取代标准的词语以达到生动、幽默、无礼或其它效果14. Catch Phrase: A phrase in wide or popular use, especially one serving as a slogan for a group or movement. 警句，妙句，吸引人的词句广泛使用的或流行的用语，尤指用
2、作集团或运动的口号的用语。15. Jargon: The specialized or technical language of a trade, profession, or similar group. 行话, 一个行业、职业或类似的团体中使用的专业的或技术的语言. terminology 16. Platitude: A trite or banal remark or statement, especially one expressed as if it were original or significant. 陈腔滥调, 陈腐的或平庸的评论或陈述，尤指某人表述它时好象它是新颖的
3、或有意义的17. Hyperbole: A figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or effect, as in I could sleep for a year or This book weighs a ton. 夸张法,一种比喻，使用夸张来强调或产生某种效果，比如在我能睡一年或这书有一吨重18. onomatopoeia: The formation or use of words such as buzz or murmur that imitate the sounds associated with
4、 the objects or actions they refer to. 象声词, 词的构成或用法，例如buzz或nurmur模仿事物或行动的声音. 19. hypotaxis: 从属关系20. parataxis: 并列结构，指短语或分句间不用连词，如：I came, I saw, I conquered. 21. Transcendentalism: A literary and philosophical movement, associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller, asserting the existence
5、 of an ideal spiritual reality that transcends the empirical and scientific and is knowable through intuition. 超验主义, 一种文学和哲学运动，与拉尔夫沃尔多爱默生和玛格丽特富勒有关，宣称存在一种理想的精神实体，超越于经验和科学之处，通过直觉得以把握22. Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote the Scarlet Letter. 美国23. Morphology: The study of the structure and form of words in lang
6、uage or a language, including inflection, derivation, and the formation of compounds.词法，词态学，形态音位学, 语言或某一语言中对于单词的结构和形式的研究，包括词尾变化、派生和合成词的构成24. affricate: A complex speech sound consisting of a stop consonant辅音followed by a fricative摩擦; for example, the initial sounds of child and joy. 塞擦音由闭塞音伴随着摩擦音而形成
7、的复杂的语音；例如child和joy的第一个音Also called: affricative. 25. Vanity Fair 名利场was written William Makepeace Thackray 26. Neil Armstrong was the first person to walk on the moon. Edwin Aldrin, Michael Collins 尼尔阿姆斯特朗、埃德温奥尔德林、迈克尔柯林斯27. The title of the national anthem 国歌of Canada is O Canada. 此种类型题同学们可自己多找几个国家。
8、28. Henry David Thoreaus work, Walden, has always been regarded as a masterpiece of New England Transcendentalism. 29. etymology: the history of a word. 词源学30. The dominant accent in the United States is General American. 除纽约市、南方、新英格兰31. John Lennon is a member of the band of Beatles 披头士或甲壳虫乐队in the
9、 1960s. 32. In Gullivers Travels格列佛游记, Jonathan Swift describes the island of the Houyhnhnms as the worlds most perfect society. 有理智和人性的马Houyhnhnms are horses in fact. 33. Ceoffrey Chaucer wrote Canterbury Tales in fourteenth century. 34. morpheme: A meaningful linguistic unit consisting of a word,
10、such as man, or a word element, such as -ed in walked, that cannot be divided into smaller meaningful parts. 词素, 一种含有一个单词的有意义的语言单位，如-ed在单词walked中，不能被划分为更小的意义单位35. The name of the famous stadium露天体育场in the north of London is Wembley. 36. Wimbledon温布尔登英国英格兰东南部城市(位于伦敦附近,是著名的国际网球比赛地) 37. Toad in the hol
11、e is a Traditional English recipe食谱, originating from Yorkshire, a county in the north of England. 烤面拖牛肉，面拖烤香肠38. Boycott: To act together in abstaining from using, buying, or dealing with as an expression of protest or disfavor or as a means of coercion（强制）. 联合抵制, 联合起来拒绝使用、购买或经销以示抗议、不满或作为强制的手段39. S
12、egregation: The policy and practice of imposing the social separation of races, as in schools, housing, and industry, especially so as to practice discrimination against people of color in a predominantly white society. 种族隔离,强制实行种族的社会分离政策及实践，如在学校、居住和工业中，尤指在白人居多的社会中实行有色人种歧视的政策40. Apartheid: An offici
13、al policy of racial segregation practiced in the Republic of South Africa, involving political, legal, and economic discrimination against nonwhites. 种族隔离制,南非共和国实行的一种官方的种族隔离政策，包括在政治、法律和经济诸方面对非白色人种的歧视. 41. Integration: The bringing of people of different racial or ethnic groups into unrestricted and equal asso
