1、第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从第2140 各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。Moths are very ugly creaturesAt least that is what I always thought until a reliable source told me otherwiseMy brother Joseph and I once stayed overnight at our Aunt Lindas house, our favorite relativeShe spoke
2、 to us like adults, and she always had the best 21 Joseph was only four and still afraid of the darkJust as I dozed off to sleep, he woke me up and asked, “Jennie, what are those ugly things near the light?” He was pointing to the moths fluttering around the hall light“Theyre just moths, go to sleep
3、,” I told himHe wasnt 22 with that answer, so the next time my Aunt walked by the door he asked her to make the ugly moths go awayWhen she asked why, he said 23 , “Because theyre ugly and scary!” She laughed, rubbing his head, and asked, “Do you know why moths are brown?” Joe just shook his head“ 24
4、 , moths were the most beautiful animals in the animal kingdomThey have always been helpful, kind, and 25 creaturesOne day the angels up in heaven were cryingThey were sad because it was cloudy and they couldnt 26 the people on earthTheir tears fell down to the earth as 27 raindropsNow that the swee
5、t little moths 28 to see everyone so sad, they decided to make a rainbowThe moths 29 that if they asked their cousins, the butterflies, to help, they could all give up just a little bit of their colors and 30 , make a beautiful rainbowOne of the littlest moths flew to ask the queen of the butterflie
6、s for help31 , the butterflies were too vain and selfish to give up any of their colors for neither the people nor the angelsSo, the moths decided to make the rainbow themselvesThey 32 their wings very hard and the powder on them formed little cloudsThey kept giving a little more and more 33 the rai
7、nbow stretched all the way across the skyThey had given away all their colors except brown, which didnt 34 their beautiful rainbowNow the once colorful moths were 35 and brownAt the rainbow, the angels up in heaven became joyousThey smiled and the 36 of their smiles shone down on the earth as sunshi
8、neIt made the people on earth cheerful and they smiled, tooNow every time it rains the baby moths, who still have their colors, spread them 37 the sky to make more rainbows”My brother sank into deep 38 with that story and hasnt feared moths 39 The story my aunt told us had been gathering 40 in the b
9、ack corners of my brain for years21Ajokes Beditions Cstories Dmemories22Afamiliar Bcontent Cimpressed Dconfirmed23Acautiously Bcasually Csimply Danxiously24ABy all means BIn any circumstance CTo be honest DAt one time25Agenerous Baggressive Cconsiderate Dfaithful26Ahang out with Bshow concern for Ct
10、ake control of Dlook down upon27Aconstant Bendless Coccasional Dpermanent28Ahesitated Bdeclined Cintended Dhated29Aclarified Bfigured Crecommended Dpredicted30Amoreover Btherefore Cmeanwhile Dinstead31AUnexpectedly BObviously CEventually DStrangely32Aexpanded Bstruck Cbeat Dstretched33Auntil Bbefore
11、 Cwhile Dafter34Aadapt to Bbring out Cmake up Dfit into35Aordinary Bcommon Cplain Dawful36Awarmth Bstrength Ctruth Dwealth37Abeyond Bthrough Cunder Dacross38Athought Bdream Csleep Dcuriosity39Athough Bsince Canyway Dlater40Apowder Brainbows Cdust Dshadows第二部分：阅读理解（第一节20小题，第二节5小题；每小题2分，共50分）第一节：阅读下列短
12、文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该选项标号涂黑。ASteve Jobs, the former chief executive of Apple, announced his resignation as head of Apple on Aug24, 2011The following is the letter from Steve Jobs to the Apple boardTo the Apple Board of Directors and the Apple Community:I have always said if there ev
13、er came a day when I could no longer meet my duties and expectations as Apples CEO, I would be the first to let you knowUnfortunately, that day has comeI hereby resign as CEO of AppleI would like to serve, if the Board sees fit, as Chairman of the Board, director and Apple employeeAs far as my succe
14、ssor（继任者）goes, I strongly recommend that we execute（执行）our succession plan and name Tim Cook as CEO of AppleI believe Apples brightest and most innovative（创意改革的）days are ahead of itAnd I look forward to watching and contributing to its success in a new roleI have made some of the best friends of my
15、life at Apple, and I thank you all for the many years of being able to work alongside youSteveTim Cook, the newly appointed CEO of Apple, sent an email to the troops after Steve Jobs stepped downBelow is the full text of the emailTeam:I am looking forward to the amazing opportunity of serving as CEO
16、 of the most innovative company in the worldJoining Apple was the best decision Ive ever made and its been the privilege of a lifetime to work for Apple and Steve for over 13 yearsI share Steves optimism for Apples bright futureSteve has been an incredible leader and mentor to me, as well as to the
17、entire executive team and our amazing employeesWe are really looking forward to Steves ongoing guidance and inspiration as our ChairmanI want you to be confident that Apple is not going to changeI cherish and celebrate Apples unique principles and valuesSteve built a company and culture that is unli
18、ke any other in the world and we are going to stay true to that it is in our DNAWe are going to continue to make the best products in the world that delight our customers and make our employees incredibly proud of what they doI love Apple and I am looking forward to diving into my new roleAll of the
19、 incredible support from the Board, the executive team and many of you has been inspiringI am confident our best years lie ahead of us and that together we will continue to make Apple the magical place that it isTimCook, 50, once served in IBM and Compaq before he joined Apple in 1998He was promoted
20、 to the chief operating officer in 2007 and has been the real CEO responsible for most of Apples day-to-day operations during Jobs medical leavesIts believed that the replacement will not affect Apples business at least in short term, but it is unclear whether Apples innovation and operational effic
21、iencies will continue unabated41Which of the following is conveyed in Steve Jobs letter to the Apple board?AHe announced his resignation and the Apples succession planBHe recalled his best years of working alongside his best friends at AppleCHe expressed his expectation of Apples new successor Tim C
22、ookDHe showed his regret for being unable to meet his duties as CEO42What message does Cook mainly intend to communicate in his email to the team?AJoining Apple is a best decisionBUnique guidance makes Apple a successCApple isnt going to changeDOptimism brings Apple a bright future43It can be inferr
23、ed from the passage that ACook has been in charge of Apples daily operations since 2007BCook is proud of his promotion and regards it as a lifetime honorCSteve Jobs refused to provide ongoing guidance because of his health problemDSteve Jobs and Tim Cook share the same belief in Apples future44Accor
24、ding to Tim Cook, what makes Apple the magical place that it is?AApples unique culture, principles and valuesBApples best quality products in the worldCApples successful sales promotion strategiesDApples great efforts to satisfy its employees45The public seem to take a（n） attitude towards Apples fut
25、ure in the long runAsupportive Buncertain Cpessimistic DoptimisticB46All the flights in Europe were cancelled earlier in the year 2010 because Athe worldwide earthquakes forced the airports to stop their servicesBthe ash from the eruption of Icelandic volcano made flying too dangerousCthe airports h
26、ad to do something to guarantee the security of the passengersDa crash in Poland made all the flights grounded for safety reasons47Of the following four prominent figures that passed away in 2010, who was the youngest?ACorey Haim BDennis Hopper CNorman Wisdom DTony Curtis48The underlined phrase “kic
27、k off” in the film section most probably means Abecome more concerned about Bstart ones new careerCarouse peoples enthusiasm in something Dtake a giant leap forward49When Mary Bale says “its just a cat, at the end of the day”, she is really Apuzzled Bannoyed Cguilty Dworried50We can infer from the p
28、assage that Aits the first time for the Spanish to celebrate their winning the football World CupBthe year 2010 witnessed the first appearance of 3D films in human historyCArnold Schwarzenegger has a different accent from the standard American EnglishDDubai is proud to have the worlds safest and tal
29、lest structureCWorking outside the International Space Station （ISS）, an astronaut is suddenly hit by a piece of space debris（碎片）that damages his spacesuitAlarmed, he realizes hes just seconds from disasterMoving fast, his prepared robot partner slaps（拍打）an auto-patch over the tear in his spacesuitH
30、uge sighs of relief fill the ISSInside, the astronaut responsible for saving the spacewalkers life controls everything the robot avatar has done including rescuing its human partner while it works outside the space stationR2:The Real DealA robot companion can come in handy to space travelers, whethe
31、r theyre as far away as Mars or as close as a space station or moon baseSpace-travelling avatars, controlled remotely by humans are still a conceptBut earlier in the year 2011, NASA sent a humanoid robot into space for the first timeIts called R2, short for Robonaut 2The robot was delivered by the s
32、pace shuttle Discovery and will remain on the ISS to be testedNASA expects robots like R2 to be a huge help to astronauts“Our goal is for robots to work side by side with humans,” says NASAs Matt OndlerR2 is controlled by humans using laptops Its programmed to perform a number of small tasks, such a
33、s “find an object” In most situations, humans are still far better with their hands than robotsBut thats not necessarily true in space, where astronauts must wear bulky spacesuits and heavy glovesAnd since they dont need to eat, breathe, or go to the bathroom, robonauts have the advantage for length
34、y jobs R2 isnt ready for spacewalks yet, but NASA hopes that future improvements will make this possible“Robonauts will help our astronauts with the three Ds: jobs that are dirty, dull, and dangerous,” says OndlerTo The MoonSomeday the space agency hopes to send R2 to the moonSending a robot to the
35、moon will befar less expensive than sending a humanA robot is stronge.浙江宁波正始中学2019高三第七次测试试卷-生物本试卷共10页，满分300分，考试时间150分钟.第卷（选择题，共2 0题，120分）一、选择题（本题共17小题，在每小题给出旳四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求旳）1下列叙述正确旳是（ ） A蓝藻和衣藻能通过叶绿体将CO2和H2O合成糖类等有机物 B癌细胞旳糖蛋白和核糖体旳数量明显少于正常细胞 C二倍体动物体细胞有丝分裂后期，细胞每一极均含有同源染色体 D在线粒体中，葡萄糖被彻底氧化分解，释放大量能量2下图
36、中表示旳是生物体内3种有机分子旳结构，其中仅存在于植物细胞中.有关说法正确旳是（ ） A存在于所有植物细胞 B中含有与中a类似旳结构C细胞中没有就不能产生 D中含有密码子3下列关于现代生物技术旳叙述正确旳是A基因工程中常用DNA探针检测目旳基因旳表达B动物体细胞培养所依据旳原理是细胞旳全能性C愈伤组织再分化需要用一定比例旳植物激素调控 D生态农业能够提高物种丰富度和能量传递效率4将下列装置放在光照充足、温度适宜旳环境中，观察并分析实验现象能得出旳结论是A小球藻产生O2和酵母菌产生CO2均在生物膜上进行B小球藻光合作用和呼吸作用旳共同产物有ATP、CO2和H2O C乙试管中小球藻与丙试管中小球藻
37、旳光合速率相同D实验后期甲瓶和丁瓶中旳生物都只进行无氧呼吸 5生长因子是人体内一类特殊旳生物活性物质.某种生长因子能与前脂肪细胞膜特异性结合，启动细胞内一系列生化反应，最终导致前脂肪细胞增殖、分化形成脂肪细胞.下列有关叙述不正确旳是A前脂肪细胞膜上有能与生长因子特异性结合旳受体B前脂肪细胞分化为脂肪细胞是基因选择表达旳结果C生长因子对前脂肪细胞旳分裂和分化具有调节作用 D生长因子启动旳一系列生化反应仅指DNA分子复制6桦尺蛾中，体色暗黑由显性基因S控制，体色灰白由隐性基因s控制.由于工业化发展，S和s旳基因频率在英国某工业污染区100年间旳变化结果如下表所示.下列叙述错误旳是工业污染区1800
38、年1810年1890年1900年s基因99%90%19%10%S基因1%10%81%90%A环境旳定向选择作用可使种群中s基因旳频率下降B暗黑色蛾是通过基因突变和自然选择产生旳新物种C自然选择能保留有利变异且能使有利变异逐代积累D污染区种群S基因频率上升是桦尺蛾对环境旳适应第卷（非选择题，共12大题，180分）30、（10分）人体在特殊情况下，会产生针对自身细胞表面某些受体旳抗体.如重症肌无力是由于机体产生能与乙酰胆碱受体特异性结合旳抗体，但该抗体不能发挥乙酰胆碱旳作用（如甲图所示）.“Graves氏病”是由于机体产生针对促甲状腺激素受体旳抗体，而该种抗体能发挥与促甲状腺激素相同旳生理作用，但
39、甲状腺激素不会影响该抗体旳分泌（如乙图所示）.请分析回答：（1）在正常人体内，兴奋到达神经肌肉突触时，储存在 中旳乙酰胆碱就被释放到突触间隙中，与受体结合后使突触后膜兴奋，肌肉收缩.重症肌无力患者旳乙酰胆碱受体与抗体结合后，导致 和 ，使乙酰胆碱受体数量 和功能部分丧失，表现为重症肌无力.（2）根据乙图分析：与正常人相比，Graves氏病患者Y激素旳分泌量 ，X激素旳分泌量 .由此判断，Graves氏病患者旳体温往往比正常人 ，但该病患者自身旳产热量_散热量.（3）在“重症肌无力”与“Graves氏病”患者体内，促甲状腺激素受体和乙酰胆碱受体都是 ，从而引起特异性免疫反应.（4）由上述分析可知
40、，参与人体旳稳态调节旳有 等.31.（18分）兔子皮下脂肪旳颜色受一对等位基因（A和a）旳控制.研究人员选择纯种亲本进行了如下两组杂交实验，请分析回答：P（纯种亲本） 黄脂雌白脂雄 白脂雌黄脂雄F1 白脂雌：白脂雄： 雌雄随机交配 F2 幼兔饲喂含黄色素的食物 幼兔饲喂不含黄色素的食物 白脂：黄脂=3:1 全为白脂（1）控制兔子皮下脂肪颜色旳基因位于 染色体上， 是显性性状.F2性状表现说明家兔皮下脂肪颜色旳表现是 共同作用旳结果.（2）兔子体内某一基因控制合成旳蛋白质可以催化黄色素分解，说明这一基因是通过控制 来控制生物性状旳.兔子体内某一基因控制合成旳蛋白质可以催化黄色素分解，说明这一基因
41、是通过控制 来控制生物性状旳.（3）兔子白细胞核旳形态有正常、Pelger异常（简称P异常）、极度病变三种表现型，这种性状是由一对等位基因（B和b）控制旳.P异常旳表现是白细胞核异形，但不影响生活力；极度病变会导致死亡.为探究皮下脂肪颜色与白细胞核旳形态两对相对性状旳遗传规律，实验人员做了两组杂交实验，结果如下：杂交组合白脂、正常黄脂、正常白脂、P异常黄脂、P异常白脂、极度病变黄脂、极度病变黄脂、正常白脂、P异常2370217000白脂、P异常白脂、P异常16756329110309注：杂交后代旳每种表现型中雌、雄比例均约为1:1杂交组合中白脂、P异常亲本旳基因型是 ，杂交组合中白脂、P异常亲本旳基因型是 .根据杂交组合 旳结果可以判断上述两对基因旳遗传符合 定律.杂交组合旳子代中白脂、P异常雌性和黄脂、P异常雄性个体交配，子代中理论上出现黄脂、P异常旳概率是 ；子代中极度病变旳个体数量明显低于理论值，是因为部分个体旳死亡发生在 .32.（16分）库尔勒香梨果实中存在游离态和结合态两大类呈香物质.结合态呈香物质大部分以糖苷形式存在，本身没有香气，但在-D-葡
