1、子商 第10版 第8章 网站服器的件和硬件 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whol
2、e or in part. 2 2 学目 Web服器的基本功能 Web服器上使用的操作系和服器件 子件的 、管理和垃圾件的控制 常用互网和网站用程序的工作原理 子商网站背后的硬件 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, cop
3、ied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 8.1 Web服器基 本章主 建立在商网站的基技 服器件和硬件 布网站的件 客机/服器构架 在局域网、广域网和万网中用 客端向服器求服 服器 具有更多的内存、更大更快的硬 器 3 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only,
4、 with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 8.1 Web服器基 网 器件 使用网 器件 (网客端件) 算机作网客端 网 器也称网客端件 平台无关性（platform neutrality） 将运行不同操作系的 接起来的能力 网被快速广泛接受的关 4 4 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013
5、 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 5 8-1 互网的平台无关性 Cengage Learning 2013 E
6、-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 6 8.1 Web
7、服器基 Web服器 主要任：响Web客机的求 主要成部分： 硬件、操作系 件和Web服器件 网站所要 的目后，就期以下指来开 者人数 每次 面的平均数量 面的大小 可能的最大并 量 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, co
8、pied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 7 8.1.1 内容 面（dynamic page） 由特点程序确定网内容 静 面（static page） 从Web服器上的文件中取的内容不的面 网站由HTML面集合构成 HTML来修改 不能按 者的特殊需求来定制面 内容（dynamic content） 响Web客机的求而构造的信息 用来与网站互的体 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Res
9、erved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 8 8.1.1 内容 内容生成的两种方法 客端脚本（client-side scripting) 件在网客端（ 器）运行 件通改 面的示内容来
10、响用的作 件例子：JavaScript或Adobe Flash 服器端脚本（server-side scripting） 运行与服器上的程序 程序生成面响客端特定信息的求 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied,
11、 duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 9 8.1.1 内容 服器端 面生成技 服器端脚本混合了HTML文本 例子: 微活服器面 (ASP): ASP.NET Sun公司JavaServer Pages (JSP): Java servlets 开源 Apache件基金超文本 理器(PHP) Adobe公司ColdFusion 服器端言通常使用: 公共网关接口(CGI) E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Ri
12、ghts Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 8.1.1 内容 面生成工具 AJAX (asynchronous JavaScript and XML) 建交互式网站（看上
13、去像在网 器中运行的用 程序） 例子:谷歌地 Ruby on Rails 建的 面能以看起来像在 器中运行的 用程序一的接口 Python 脚本言 10 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicat
14、ed, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 11 8.1.2 服器的多种含 服器 （局域网或广域网）网中其他算机提供文件或 程序的算机 服器件(server software） 提供文件或程序 有的是操作系的一部分 将服器算机上的操作系看作服器件 有些服器通路由器入互网 运行的件称Web服器件 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use ou
15、tside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12 8.1.2 服器的多种含 Web服器 算机接入了互网 运行Web服器件 包括网上其他算机所要的文件 子件服器:理子件送与接收任 数据服器 运行数据管理件 交易服器 运行公司会和存管理件 E-Business, Tenth
16、 Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 8.1.2 服器的多种含 服器个可用来描述支持子商
17、 的各种 算机硬件和件 服器需要根据上下文来确定 13 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, i
18、n whole or in part. 8.1.3 客机/服器构 网 器向程服器求文件 媒体: 互网 被器成HTTP格式后送到服器 到达客算机 服器收到求 索客机所求的面或其他信息 成HTTP格式 通互网送回出求的客机 客网 器件 在客 算机上示出面 14 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from th
19、e U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 8.1.3 客机/服器构 情形不断反复 客机出求，服器根据求做出响，客机 示果 可能的果: 上百个独立的响来找和 信息 形和其他象 示的速度就会很慢 两客机/服器构（two-tier client/server architecture） 一个客机和一个服器 信息的生成与 1515 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengag
20、e Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 16 8-2 两客机/服器构中的信息流 Cengage Learning 2013 E-B
21、usiness, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 17 8.1.3 客机
22、/服器构 求文(request message) Web客机向Web服器出的文件求的信息 三个主要部分 求文行(request line):包括命令、目 源的名称 ，以及 的名称和版本号 可 的求文(request header):客端将要接 受的文件型 可 的体段(entity body):向服器 大量信息 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content th
23、at may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 8.1.3 客机/服器构 服器收到求，就行命令 从硬上上搜索某个面 制作响文（response message）:回提出求 的客机 三个在构上与求信息相同的部分 响 文行(response header line）:服器所用的 HTTP版本 响 文域(response header field）:描述服
24、器属 性的信息 体段(entity body）:返回客机所求的HTML面 18 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessibl
25、e website, in whole or in part. 19 8.1.3 客机/服器构 三构(three-tier architecture) 两构的展 允Web服器在响Web客机的求之前行一 些外的理 通常是数据的用件 向Web服器提供消息 Web服器在响客机求可用些件的出 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be dif
26、ferent from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 20 8-3 三客机/服器构中的信息流 Cengage Learning 2013 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S.
27、only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 21 8.1.3 客机/服器构 多 构(n-tier architectures) 三以上 例子:具有搜索、更新和示功能的商品目 踪客物里的商品、看售税率、跟踪客偏好 、 存数据、更新企的品目等 21 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013
28、 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 22 8.2 Web服器的件 Web服器件只能: 在一种或多种操作系上运行
29、本主 支持大多数Web服器的操作系 Web服器件 算机上运行的其他程序 在Web服器或作 子商运成部分 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a public
30、ly accessible website, in whole or in part. 8.2.1 Web服器的操作系 操作系的任 运行程序、分配内存和磁空等算机源 大型系的操作系 跟踪登到系上的用并保用之不会互相 干 服器操作系件 Microsoft Windows服器品 Linux 基于UNIX的操作系 例子: FreeBSD 23 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, w
31、ith content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 8.2.1 Web服器的操作系 Microsoft服器品 更易于学和使用 来的安全 Linux 开放源 速度快，效率高，而且易于安装 可以从网上免下 很多公司是从行商那里采 附一些很有用的件，并提供支持服 2424 E-Business, Tenth Edition 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, co
