1、 2021 年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题（第一套） Part I Writing (30 minutes) （请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分,之后将进行听力考试） Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay related to the short passage given below. In your essay, you are to comment on the phenomenon described in the passage and suggest measures to
2、address the issue. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Nowadays star chasing is prevalent among many teenagers. They take pop stars as their idols, imitating their way of talking, following their style of dressing, and seeking every chance to meet them in person at great
3、expenses. Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you musts ch
4、oose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1. A)It has given rise to much controversy. B) It has been very favorab
5、ly received. C)It was primarily written for vegetarians. D) It offends many environmentalists. 2. A) She neglects peoples efforts in animalprotection. B) She tries to force people to accept her radical ideas. C) She ignores the various benefits of public transport. D) She insists vegetarians are har
6、ming the environment. 3. A)They are significant. B) They are revolutionary. C) They are rational. D) They are modest. 1 4. A)It would help to protect the environment. B)It would generate money for public health. C)It would need support from the general public. D)It would force poor people to change
7、their diet. Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 5. A) Where successful peoples strengths come from. B) Why many people fight so hard for success. C) How she achieved her lifes goal. D) What makes people successful. 6. A)Having someone who has confidence in them. B) Ha
8、ving someone who is ready to help them. C)Having a firm belief in their own ability. D) Having a realistic attitude towards life. 7. A)They adjust their goals accordingly. B) They try hard to appear optimistic. C) They stay positive. D) They remain calm. 8.A)An understanding leadership. B)A nurturin
9、g environment. C) Mutual respect among colleagues. D) Highly cooperative teammates. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you
10、 musts choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard. 9. A)They use their sense of hearing to capture their prey. B) The
11、ir food mainly consists of small animals and fish. C) They have big eyes and distinctive visual centers. D) Their ancestor is different from that of micro bats. 10. A) With the help of moonlight. B) By means of echo location. 2 C) With the aid of daylight vision. D) By means of vision and smell. 11.
12、 A) To make up for their natural absence of vision. B) To adapt themselves to a particular lifestyle. C) To facilitate their travel over long distances. D) To survive in the ever-changing weather. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard. 12. A) They acquire knowledge not foun
13、d in books. B) They learn how to interact with their peers. C) They become more emotionally aggressive. D) They get much better prepared for school. 13. A) They are far from emotionally prepared. B) They tend to be more attracted by images. C) They cant follow the conflicts in the show. D) They lack
14、 the cognitive and memory skills. 14. A) Choose appropriate programs for their children. B) Help their children understand the programs plot. C) Outline the programs plot for their children first. D) Monitor their childrens watching of TV programs. 15. A) Explain its message to their children. B) Ch
15、eck if their children have enjoyed it. C) Encourage their children to retell the story. D) Ask their children to describe its characters. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only
16、 once. After you hear a question, you musts choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard. 16. A) They are afraid of
17、injuring their feet. B) They have never developed the habit. C) They believe a little dirt harms no one. D) They find it rather troublesome to do so. 3 17. A) Different types of bacteria existed on public-toilet floors. B) There were more bacteria on sidewalks than in the home. C) Office carpets col
18、lected more bacteria than elsewhere. D)A large number of bacteria collected on a single shoe. 18. A) The chemicals on shoes can deteriorate air quality. B) Shoes can upset family members with their noise. C) The marks left by shoes are hard to erase. D) Shoes can leave scratches on the floor. Questi
19、ons 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard. 19. A) It is sinfu l and immoral. B) It is deemed uncivilized. C) It is an uncontrollable behavior. D) It is a violation of faith and trust. 20.A)Assess their consequences. B) Guard against their harm. C) Accept them as normal. D) Find out
20、 their causes. 21. A) Try to understand what messages they convey. B) Pay attention to their possible consequences. C) Consider them from different perspectives. D) Make sure they are brought under control. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard. 22. A) Cultivation of new
21、varieties of crops. B) Measures to cope with climate change. C) Development of more effective pesticides. D) Application of more nitrogen-rich fertilizers. 23: A) The expansion of farmland in developing countries. B) The research on crop rotation in developing countries. C) The cooperation of the wo
22、rlds agricultural scientists. D) The improvement of agricultural infrastructure. 24. A) For encouraging farmers to embrace new farming techniques. B)For aligning their research with advances in farming technology. C) For turning their focus to the needs of farmers in poorer countries. D) For coopera
23、ting closely with policymakers in developing countries. 4 25. A) Rapid transition to become a food exporter. B)Substantial funding in agricultural research C)Quick rise to become a leading grain producer. D)Assumption of humanitarian responsibilities. Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Sect
24、ion A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a lette
25、r. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. According to psychologist Sharon Draper, our clothing choices can absolutely affect our wellbeing. When we. wear ill-fitting clo
26、thes, or feel over- or under-dressed for an event, its natural to feel self-conscious or even stressed. Conversely, she says, opting for clothes that fit well and _ 26 with your sense of style can improve your confidence. But can you improve your health through your 27 clothing, without having to da
27、sh out and buy a whole new 28 ? “Absolutely,” says Draper. If your goal is to improve your thinking, she recommends picking clothes that fit well and are unlikely to encourage restlessness, so, avoid bows, ties and unnecessary 29 . It also helps to opt for clothes you 30 as tying in with your goals,
28、 so, if you want to perform better at work, select pieces you view as professional. Draper says this fits in with the concept of behavioral activation, whereby 31 in a behavior (in this case, selecting clothes) can set you on the path to then achieving your goals (working harder). Another way to imp
29、rove your 32 of mind is to mix things up. Draper says we often feel stuck in a rut (常规) if we wear the same clothes - even if theyre our favorites - thus oping for an item you dont wear often, or adding something different to an outfit, such as a hat, can 33 shit your mood. On days when youre really
30、 34 to brave the world, Draper suggests selecting sentimental items of clothing, such as ones you wore on a special day, or given to you by a loved one, as clothes with 35 associations can help you tap into constructive emotions. A)accessories B) align C) concurrently D)current E) engaging F) fond G
31、) frame H) locations I) perceive 5 J) positively K) profile L) prospering M) reluctant N) showcase O) wardrobe Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the p
32、aragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Why facts dont change our minds AThe economist J.K. Galbraith once wrote, “Faced with a choic
33、e between changing ones mind and proving there is no need to do so, almost everyone gets busy with the proof.” BLeo Tolstoy was even bolder. “The most difficult subjects can be explained to the most slow-witted man if he has not formed any idea of them already; but the simplest thing cannot be made
34、clear to the most intelligent man if he is firmly persuaded that he knows already, without a shadow of doubt, what is laid before him.” C Whats going on here? Why dont facts change our minds? And why would someone continue to believe a false or inaccurate idea anyway? How do such behaviors serve us?
35、 Humans need a reasonably accurate view of the world in order to survive. If your model of reality is wildly different from the actual world, then you struggle to take effective actions each day. However, truth and accuracy are not the only things that matter to the human mind. Humans also seem to h
36、ave a deep desire to belong. D In Atomic Habits, I wrote, “Humans are herd animals. We want to fit in, to bond with others, and to earn the respect and approval of our peers. Such inclinations are essential to our survival. For most of our evolutionary history, our ancestors lived in tribes. Becomin
37、g separated from the tribe or worse, being cast out was a death sentence.” EUnderstanding the truth of a situation is important, but so is remaining part of a tribe. While these two desires often work well together, they occasionally come into conflict.In many circumstances, social connection is act
38、ually more helpful to your daily life than understanding the truth of a particular fact or idea. The Harvard psychologist Steven Pinker put it this way, “ People are embraced or condemned according to their beliefs, so one function of the mind may be to hold beliefs that bring the belief-holder the
39、greatest number of allies, protectors, or disciples ( 信徒), rather than beliefs that are most likely to be true.” FWe dont always believe things because they are correct. Sometimes we believe things because they make us look good to the people we care about. I thought Kevin 6 Simler put it well when
40、he wrote, “If a brain anticipates that it will be rewarded for adopting a particular belief, its perfectly happy to do so, and doesnt much care where the reward comes fromwhether its pragmatic(实用主义的)(better outcomes resulting from better decisions), social (better treatment from ones peers), or some
41、 mix of the two.” GFalse beliefs can be useful in a social sense even if they are not useful in a factual sense. For lack of a better phrase, we might call this approach “factually false, but socially accurate.” When we have to choose between the two, people often select friends and family over fact
42、s. This insight not only explains why we might hold our tongue at a dinner party or look the other way when our parents say something offensive, but also reveals a better way to change the minds of others. HConvincing someone to change their mind is really the process of convincing them to change th
43、eir tribe. If they abandon their beliefs, they run the risk of losing social ties. You cant expect someone to change their mind if you take away their community too. You have to give them somewhere to go. Nobody wants their worldview torn apart if loneliness is the outcome. IThe way to change people
44、s minds is to become friends with them, to integrate them into your tribe, to bring them into your circle. Now, they can change their beliefs without the risk of being abandoned socially. JPerhaps it is not difference, but distance, that breeds tribalism and hostility. As proximity increases, so doe
45、s understanding. I am reminded of Abraham Lincolns quote,“I dont like that man. I must get to know him better.” KFacts dont change our minds. Friendship does. Years ago, Ben Casnocha mentioned an idea to me that I havent been able to shake: The people who are most likely to change our minds are the
46、ones we agree with on 98 percent of topics. If someone you know, like, and trust believes a radical idea, you are more likely to give it merit, weight, or consideration. You already agree with them in most areas of life. Maybe you should change your mind on this one too. But if someone wildly differ
47、ent than you proposes the same radical idea, well, its easy to dismiss them as nuts. LOne way to visualize this distinction is by mapping belies on a spectrum. If you divide this spectrum into 10 units and you find yourself at Position 7, then there is little sense in trying to convince someone at P
48、osition 1. The gap is too wide. When youre at Position 7, your time is better spent connecting with people who are at Positions 6 and 8, gradually pulling them in your direction. M The most heated arguments often occur between people on opposite ends of the spectrum, but the most frequent learning o
49、ccurs from people who are nearby. The closer you are to someone, the more likely it becomes that the one or two beliefs you dont share will bleed over into your own mind and shape your thinking. The further away an idea is from your current position, the more likely you are to reject it outright. Wh
50、en it comes to changing peoples minds, it is very difficult to jump from one side to another. You cant jump down the spectrum. You have to slide down it. NAny idea that is sufficiently different from your current worldview will feel threatening. And the best place to ponder a threatening idea is in
