1、Unit 1 Personality1/69vacation amnesia（假期失忆症）。Andy suffered from a bad case of vacation amnesia when he went back to school and couldnt remember what he had been learning before.2/69weekend lag周末时差周末时差 Monday morning classes are so rough.Its only 8 in the morning but I feel like it is 7 PM.3/69Idiom
2、s about personality:a straight arrow例句-1：Ive decided to vote for Mary instead of that old guy who has been in Washington so long.Mary tells the truth and she keeps her promises-shes a straight arrow all right.例句-2：Bob is a real straight arrow:he doesnt smoke,drink or chase girls.I guess I should adm
3、ire him.But I have to tell you one thing:he sure isnt much fun at a party.4/69straight arrow从字面上看是笔直箭早年曾经专指白人信赖刚直印第安勇士，现在straight arrow被用来泛指任何值得信赖，道德高尚人。一板一眼，过于死板人。5/69a straight shooter例句-3：Well,he makes sure we do our work right,but I think hes a straight shooter.He tells us the truth,hes very fai
4、r and hes always ready to help if someone has a problem.例句-4：Look,when we met rough times and our other workers were deserting us,Ed was true blue.He stayed loyal and worked hard for us.I say he can stay here as long as he wants.6/69Straight shooter这个习惯用语把我们带回美国西部拓荒生活，人不离枪西部英雄除暴安良，最考究信义。straight sho
5、oters指那些刚直公正，仗义助人人。True blue原意是纯蓝色，或者说是不褪色蓝色。这个习惯用语来自五百明年前英国一个城镇。那里用特殊蓝色染料印染布不论经过多少次洗涤都不会褪色，于是人们就借用true blue来指久经考验而忠诚不渝正人君子了。7/69Stories and charactersSwordsman fiction武侠小说Striking characters with distinctive personality traits性格鲜明人物Simple and honest;dedicated and tolerant;Consummate skills in wushu
6、martial arts;inflexible eg.郭靖Cf.黄蓉 clever,quick-witted;cunning,ingenious ideas in dealing with bad guys;shrewd,sharp insight in practical matters and difficult situations;flexible8/69speakingReference vocabulary:p1-2Choose someone in your class and describe him or her,let the class guess who he or s
7、he is.Talk about some striking characters that have impressed you,focusing on their personality traits.You can also talk about some people in your life,those who have impressive personality traits.9/69Word study10 minutesPronunciationExample sentences Try to make your own sentencesGet ready for dict
8、ation10/69Listening 1.Culture and personality Personality traits that are valued in one culture may be frowned upon in another.2.Personality and making friends11/69wIn-Class ReadingThe Misery of ShynessThe Misery of Shyness12/6913/69Reading questions1.what common traits do shy people usually have?(1
9、st para.)2.how does shyness affect people and why?3.How do different people deal with criticism and compliment differently/4.Can shyness be reduced?14/69Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people.Introduction(Para.1)15/69Peoples self-concept has a profound effect on all areas o
10、f their lives.Reasons why shyness can have anegative effect(Para.2-3)People with high self-esteem usually act with confidence.People with low self-esteem are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others.16/69Ways of overcoming shyness(Para.4-15)The better we understand ourselves,the easier i
11、t becomes to live up to our full potential.Conclusion(Para.16)17/69Dictation1.considerate 2.critical 3.sensitive4.talkative 5.sympathetic 6 excessively7.constantly 8.self-conscious 9.adversely10.self-esteem18/69Sentence-making1.excessively 2.profound 3.confirm4.inferiority pliment 6.eliminate7.dwell
12、 8.rejection 9.remove 10.have sth at heart19/6920/69语语语语法法法法训训训训练练练练译译译译 文文文文It is obvious that such It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings uncomfortable feelings mustmustaffectaffect people adversely.people adversely.(Line 7)(Line 7)must must+动词原型动词原型动词原型动词原型:to be likely or certain to do t
13、o be likely or certain to do 对现在情况推测、推论。对现在情况推测、推论。对现在情况推测、推论。对现在情况推测、推论。表示依据情况推断、认定表示依据情况推断、认定表示依据情况推断、认定表示依据情况推断、认定某事是必定。某事是必定。某事是必定。某事是必定。21/69TranslationTranslation我我不不能能确确切切地地说说出出那那所所房房子子年年代代，但但但但一定是很古老一定是很古老一定是很古老一定是很古老。I cant date that house exactly,but it must be very old.灯熄了，灯熄了，一定是停电了一定是停电
14、了一定是停电了一定是停电了。The light went out.The electricity must be off.I failed the examination.You must think I am stupid.我考试失败了。我考试失败了。你一定认为你一定认为你一定认为你一定认为我很笨吧。我很笨吧。22/69译译译译文文文文 It is obvious that such It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings uncomfortable feelings must affectmust affect people adver
15、sely.people adversely.(Line 7)很显然这种不安感很显然这种不安感觉觉会会对人们对人们产生产生不利不利影影响响。23/69句句句句型型型型应应应应用用用用in/by contrastin/by contrast 固定短语。意为固定短语。意为“与与相反；相反；与与形成对比；相比之下形成对比；相比之下”。用来表示对比。假如后面接宾语，用来表示对比。假如后面接宾语，要用要用in contrast with/toin contrast with/to 或或by contrast withby contrast with。译译译译 文文文文 InIn contrastcontr
16、ast,shy people,having,shy people,having low self-esteem,are likely to low self-esteem,are likely to be passive and easily influenced be passive and easily influenced by others.by others.(Line 18)24/69TranslationTranslationToday,in/by contrast,the area is a lively and colorful fruit,vegetable,and flo
17、wer market.与从前不一样与从前不一样与从前不一样与从前不一样，这个地域今天已成为，这个地域今天已成为一个繁荣、丰富多彩水果和鲜花市场一个繁荣、丰富多彩水果和鲜花市场。In contrast with your pessimistic point of view,I would rather take a positive attitude.与与与与你消极看法你消极看法相反相反相反相反，我宁愿采取主动态度。我宁愿采取主动态度。25/69难难难难句句句句分分分分析析析析此句此句it it是形式主语。是形式主语。overdoing it is detrimental overdoing i
18、t is detrimental or harmfulor harmful是真正是真正主语主语。whilewhile引导句子作后一句子引导句子作后一句子让步状语从句。让步状语从句。译译译译 文文文文 It is clear thatIt is clear that,whilewhile self-awareness is a healthyself-awareness is a healthy quality,overdoing it is detrimental,or harmful.quality,overdoing it is detrimental,or harmful.(Line 2
19、3)26/69ExampleExample你主意你主意你主意你主意确实确实确实确实很好，很好，很好，很好，但我恐怕但我恐怕但我恐怕但我恐怕它极难付诸实践它极难付诸实践它极难付诸实践它极难付诸实践。显然显然显然显然，尽管尽管尽管尽管他了解你说话，他了解你说话，他了解你说话，他了解你说话，不过他并不赞同不过他并不赞同不过他并不赞同不过他并不赞同。It is true that while yours is a good idea,I am afraid it will be hard to put into practice.It is clear that while he understand
20、s what you say,he cant agree with you.27/69译译译译文文文文显然显然，尽管尽管自我意识是自我意识是一个健康品质，过分一个健康品质，过分自我意识自我意识却却是不利、是不利、有害。有害。It is clear that,while self-awareness is a healthyself-awareness is a healthy quality,overdoing it is quality,overdoing it is detrimental,or harmful.detrimental,or harmful.(Line 23)28/69句句
21、句句型型型型应应应应用用用用 The better we understand we understand ourselves,ourselves,the easier it it becomes to live up to our becomes to live up to our full potential.full potential.(Line 74)the better,the easier属于属于the more,the more 句型使用方法。句型使用方法。The more,the more 表示比较，表示比较，“越越，越，越”。译译译译 文文文文29/69ExampleExa
22、mple女孩子女孩子女孩子女孩子越喜欢越喜欢越喜欢越喜欢感人故事，感人故事，感人故事，感人故事，越轻易越轻易越轻易越轻易被故事弄得哭哭啼啼。被故事弄得哭哭啼啼。被故事弄得哭哭啼啼。被故事弄得哭哭啼啼。.30/69译译译译文文文文 我我们们对对自自己己了了解解得得越越多多，就就越越轻轻易易充充分发挥自己潜力。分发挥自己潜力。The better we understand we understand ourselves,ourselves,the easier it becomes it becomes to live up to our full potential.to live up to
23、 our full potential.(Line 74)31/6932/69excessively(adv.)(Line 3,Para.1)in an excessive amount,to an excessive degree 过分地，过分地，非常地过分地，过分地，非常地我不我不我不我不多多多多喝酒。喝酒。喝酒。喝酒。晚会噪音晚会噪音晚会噪音晚会噪音非常地非常地非常地非常地大。大。大。大。The noise from the party is excessively loud.I dont drink excessively.TranslationTranslation33/69exce
24、ssive (adj.)过多，过分，额外过多，过分，额外词汇扩充词汇扩充词汇扩充词汇扩充excess (n.)过分，剩下，超额，超出过分，剩下，超额，超出exceed (v.)超出，胜过超出，胜过你拆阅那些信件是你拆阅那些信件是越权越权越权越权行为。行为。You are _ in opening those letters.他吃得很好，但不他吃得很好，但不过多过多过多过多。He ate well,but not _.守门员因守门员因持球时间过长持球时间过长持球时间过长持球时间过长而受罚。而受罚。The goal-keeper was punished for _ _ _.请选择以上词汇完成句子
25、请选择以上词汇完成句子。excessive possession exceeding your duty to excessExerciseExercise of ball34/69profound(adj.)(Line 10,Para.2)1)deep;complete 深切，深切，极度，极深（比极度，极深（比deep正式）正式）2)having,showing,or using thorough knowledge and deep understanding 知识渊博；深奥知识渊博；深奥35/69请完成下面句子请完成下面句子。ExerciseExercise他他他他知识渊博知识渊博，深受
26、人们喜爱。，深受人们喜爱。，深受人们喜爱。，深受人们喜爱。He is a man of _,deeply beloved by people.空无一人教堂里空无一人教堂里寂静无声寂静无声。There was a _ in the empty church.profound silence profound knowledge36/69请熟悉下面表示或搭配。请熟悉下面表示或搭配。a profound sigh a profound sigh 深长叹息深长叹息深长叹息深长叹息 profound knowledgeprofound knowledge渊博知识渊博知识渊博知识渊博知识profound
27、regret profound regret 极为遗憾极为遗憾极为遗憾极为遗憾 a profound sleep 酣睡酣睡酣睡酣睡37/69请给我来封信方便请给我来封信方便请给我来封信方便请给我来封信方便证实证实证实证实你在电话中传达消息你在电话中传达消息你在电话中传达消息你在电话中传达消息。我们打电话给那家旅馆以我们打电话给那家旅馆以我们打电话给那家旅馆以我们打电话给那家旅馆以确认确认我们房间已订妥。我们房间已订妥。我们房间已订妥。我们房间已订妥。We confirmed the reservation by calling the hotel.Please confirm your tel
28、ephone message by letter.TranslationTranslationconfirm(vt.)(Line 20,Para.3)+that support;make certain;give proof(of)支持；确支持；确 实；证实实；证实38/69请熟悉下面表示。请熟悉下面表示。confirm a rumor confirm a rumor 证实谣言证实谣言证实谣言证实谣言confirm ones belief confirm ones belief 坚定信念坚定信念坚定信念坚定信念confirm a contract confirm a contract 同意协议
29、同意协议同意协议同意协议 confirm a theory 证实一个理论证实一个理论证实一个理论证实一个理论conform 遵照，符合，一致，遵照，符合，一致，后面常跟后面常跟to或或withaffirm ,断言，申明断言，申明形近词认知形近词认知形近词认知形近词认知39/69inferiority(n.)(Line 20,Para.3)the quality of condition of being inferior;lower rank or state 低劣低劣巴特曾非常自卑，以至于以为自己巴特曾非常自卑，以至于以为自己不如不如见过任何一个受过教育人见过任何一个受过教育人。Barter
30、 had been so humiliated that he felt himself _ every educated man he met.我发觉难以摆脱一个社会我发觉难以摆脱一个社会我发觉难以摆脱一个社会我发觉难以摆脱一个社会自卑感自卑感自卑感自卑感。I found it difficult to shake off _.a sense of social inferiorityto be inferior to请完成下面句子请完成下面句子。ExerciseExerciseinferior(adj.)(常与常与 to 连用，无比较级、连用，无比较级、最高级形式最高级形式)次次；劣等；较
31、劣；劣等；较劣40/69compliment(Line 21,Para.3)n.1)expression of admiration,approval,ect,.恭维之表示；恭维之表示；敬意；赞扬敬意；赞扬 2)(pl.)(formal)greetings 问候；致意；道贺问候；致意；道贺v.express admiration,approval 恭维；赞扬恭维；赞扬41/69请用下面提醒词造句。请用下面提醒词造句。ExerciseExercise称赞称赞称赞称赞 我画我画我画我画(pay sb.a compliment/compliment sb.on sth.)她接收他对她接收他对她接收他
32、对她接收他对称赞称赞称赞称赞She accepted his compliment about her dress with a smile.She paid me a very charmingcompliment on my paintings.She complimented me on my paintings.42/69eliminate(v.)(Line 25,Para.4)eliminate from:remove 除去；删除；淘汰除去；删除；淘汰请完成下面句子。请完成下面句子。ExerciseExercise那位建筑师在估算房子价格时那位建筑师在估算房子价格时那位建筑师在估算房
33、子价格时那位建筑师在估算房子价格时未曾把家俱考虑在内未曾把家俱考虑在内。The architect _ in figuring the cost of the house.他已他已他已他已被取消了游泳比赛资格被取消了游泳比赛资格被取消了游泳比赛资格被取消了游泳比赛资格，因为他在训练中没有得到名次。因为他在训练中没有得到名次。因为他在训练中没有得到名次。因为他在训练中没有得到名次。He has been _ because he did not win any of the practice races.eliminated from the swimming race eliminated t
34、he cost of furniture 43/69eliminate (vt.)remove or get rid of completely 消除消除reduce (vt.)make less in size,amount,price,degree 降低，降低降低，降低近义词辨析近义词辨析近义词辨析近义词辨析diminish (vt.vi.)(cause to)become less in size or importance 降低，降低降低，降低主要性主要性44/69请选择请选择 eliminate,reduce 或或diminish 适当形式填空。适当形式填空。ExerciseExer
35、ciseI dont want to _ her achievements,but she did have a lot of help.I _ my weight by going on a diet.We cant _ the use of paper but we can certainly _ the amount of paper we waste.eliminateThe threat of nuclear war has _.diminisheddiminishreducedreduce45/69dwell(vi.)(dwelt or dwelled)(Line 31,Para.
36、4)1)dwell in/at:reside 居住居住2)dwell on/upon:think,speak or write at length about 凝思；凝思；详细；叙述；仔细研究详细；叙述；仔细研究请完成下面句子请完成下面句子。ExerciseExerciseMy grandma dwells in the country.我奶奶我奶奶_乡下。乡下。我们眼睛我们眼睛我们眼睛我们眼睛凝视凝视着漂亮夕阳。着漂亮夕阳。着漂亮夕阳。着漂亮夕阳。Our eyes _ the beautiful sunset.不要不要不要不要过分沉溺过分沉溺在痛苦回想之中。在痛苦回想之中。在痛苦回想之中。在
37、痛苦回想之中。Dont _ painful memoriesdwell too much on 住在住在dwelled on46/69rejection(n.)(Line 55,Para.10)the action or process of rejecting a thing or person 抵制；拒绝；抑制抵制；拒绝；抑制,排斥排斥请完成下面句子。请完成下面句子。ExerciseExercisereject(v.)(Line 63,Para.12)他后悔他后悔拒绝了拒绝了拒绝了拒绝了那个年轻人提供那个年轻人提供帮助帮助帮助帮助。He regretted _ from the young
38、 man.因为因为因为因为害怕被拒绝害怕被拒绝害怕被拒绝害怕被拒绝，他从不敢向她求婚。，他从不敢向她求婚。，他从不敢向她求婚。，他从不敢向她求婚。He was never able to ask her to marry him out of _.fear of rejectionrejecting the offer of help47/69remove(v.)(Line 66,Para.13)remove from1)take off or away from the place occupied 移动；拿开移动；拿开 2)get rid of 除去；排除除去；排除愤恨之余，他从打字机上愤
39、恨之余，他从打字机上愤恨之余，他从打字机上愤恨之余，他从打字机上取走了取走了取走了取走了打了二分之一那一页。打了二分之一那一页。打了二分之一那一页。打了二分之一那一页。What do you advise for removing ink stains from clothes?你有什么好方法你有什么好方法祛除祛除祛除祛除衣服上墨渍吗？衣服上墨渍吗？Out of rage,he removed the half-finished page from the typewriter.TranslationTranslation48/69他他他他深切地关心深切地关心深切地关心深切地关心穷人福利问题。
40、穷人福利问题。穷人福利问题。穷人福利问题。Private employment agencies may not have your best interests at heart.私有雇佣代理机构不会私有雇佣代理机构不会私有雇佣代理机构不会私有雇佣代理机构不会将你最大利益将你最大利益将你最大利益将你最大利益放在心上放在心上放在心上放在心上。He has the welfare of the poor at heart.TranslationTranslationhave sth.at heart (Line 67,Para.13)be deeply concerned about 对对深切关
41、心深切关心49/69请熟悉下面表示或搭配。请熟悉下面表示或搭配。be the heart and soul ofbe the heart and soul of是是是是关键人物；关键人物；关键人物；关键人物；是是是是灵魂灵魂灵魂灵魂have a broken hearthave a broken heart难过难过难过难过,绝望绝望绝望绝望,心碎心碎心碎心碎learn by heartlearn by heart默诵；默记默诵；默记默诵；默记默诵；默记from ones heart真诚地；衷心地；真诚地；衷心地；真诚地；衷心地；真诚地；衷心地；从心底里从心底里从心底里从心底里have a he
42、art of gold 口口口口 有一颗金子般心有一颗金子般心有一颗金子般心有一颗金子般心,心地善良心地善良心地善良心地善良50/6951/69Worrisome thoughts are constantly swirling in my mind.Youre just saying thatto make me feel good.His criticism confirms my inferiority.令人烦恼想法一直在我脑海中盘旋。令人烦恼想法一直在我脑海中盘旋。你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。他批评证实了我比他人差。他批评证实了我比他人差。deter
43、mined and patient effort 坚持不懈努力坚持不懈努力52/69Dwelling on the impossible leads to a sense of inadequacy.Recognize your personalstrengths and weaknesses.老是想那些不可能事情会令自己以为无能。老是想那些不可能事情会令自己以为无能。认清自己优缺点。认清自己优缺点。Feeling ashamed accomplishes nothing.感到惭愧是无济于事。感到惭愧是无济于事。There are numerous approaches to all issu
44、es.全部问题都有许各种处理方法。全部问题都有许各种处理方法。53/69 被动语态主动与被动译法被动语态主动与被动译法被动语态主动与被动译法被动语态主动与被动译法英语被动句转换成汉语主动句英语被动句转换成汉语主动句英语被动句转换成汉语主动句英语被动句转换成汉语主动句英语被动句译成汉语被动句英语被动句译成汉语被动句英语被动句译成汉语被动句英语被动句译成汉语被动句54/69被动语态主动与被动译法被动语态主动与被动译法 在很多场所下，英语中被动语态使用频在很多场所下，英语中被动语态使用频率非常高。比如，在无须说出主动者，无从率非常高。比如，在无须说出主动者，无从说出主动者或者为了便于上下文语式、语气
45、说出主动者或者为了便于上下文语式、语气和结构连贯情况下，往往都用被动语态。在和结构连贯情况下，往往都用被动语态。在英译汉过程中对被动语态可按两大路径处理。英译汉过程中对被动语态可按两大路径处理。将英语被动句译成汉语主动句；将英语被动句译成汉语主动句；将英语被动句译成汉语被动句。将英语被动句译成汉语被动句。55/69 英语被动句转换成汉语主动句：英语被动句转换成汉语主动句：将英语被动结构句子译成汉语主动句将英语被动结构句子译成汉语主动句时，可分以下几类处理：时，可分以下几类处理：原文中主语在译文中做主语；原文中主语在译文中做主语；原文中主语在译文中作宾语；原文中主语在译文中作宾语；原文中被动结构
46、句译成汉语中带有原文中被动结构句译成汉语中带有“”字字主动句；主动句；增添或不显示主语处理英语惯用被动句增添或不显示主语处理英语惯用被动句型。型。56/69The sense of inferiority(自卑感自卑感)that he got in his youth has never been totally cleared up.Time can always be found to do things one wants to do.他在青少年时期留下他在青少年时期留下自卑感，自卑感，还没有完全消除还没有完全消除。（主语）。（主语）（人们）由此可见（人们）由此可见他一定是一个他一定是一
47、个能力欠缺领导。（增添主语或无主语）能力欠缺领导。（增添主语或无主语）Studies perfect nature,and are perfected by experience.读书补天然不足，读书补天然不足，经验又补读书之不足经验又补读书之不足。（宾语）。（宾语）只要想干，只要想干，总是能够找到时间总是能够找到时间。（表语）。（表语）It will be seen from this that he must be a weak leader.57/69英语被动句译成汉语被动句英语被动句译成汉语被动句:汉语有时也用被动形式来汉语有时也用被动形式来表示意思，不过往往会借助于表示意思，不过往往
48、会借助于一些含有被动意义词语，如：一些含有被动意义词语，如：“被被”、“遭受遭受”、“由由”、“把把”、“受到受到”或或“给予给予”等，即将英语被动句译成汉语等，即将英语被动句译成汉语被动句。被动句。58/69She was blamed for everything her sisters did.It must be dealt with at the proper time with proper means.她因为妹妹所做事而她因为妹妹所做事而遭受训斥遭受训斥。Most letters from his wife are read to him by the nurse in the
49、hospital.妻子给他信件，大多数是妻子给他信件，大多数是由由医院里护士医院里护士念给他听念给他听。这种事情必须在适当时候用适当伎俩这种事情必须在适当时候用适当伎俩给予处理给予处理。59/69写作实践写作实践:影响作文得分常见错误影响作文得分常见错误 例文例文:A Letter to a Former Classmate相关链接相关链接60/69影响作文得分常见错误影响作文得分常见错误 拼写错误多。句子主要成份不全。句子主谓不一致。谓语时态混乱。用词不妥。上下文指代不清。语态与语气渗杂混用。句型误用汉语式句子。61/69集中精力、大量背诵优异范文。使尽可能多地道英语句子在脑海中刻下深深烙印
50、，以期降低作文在句子层次上语言误。尤其要注意拼写方面错误。分清大小写 降低书写笔误 防止用缩写或不规范拼写 不会写单词不要随意处理正确使用英文标点符号 62/69 最近，你收到了一封高中同班同学来信。他正在你最近，你收到了一封高中同班同学来信。他正在你们原来高中复读。又一年高考临近，因为在去年高考中们原来高中复读。又一年高考临近，因为在去年高考中失利，这位同学不免有些担忧。请写一封回信来勉励这失利，这位同学不免有些担忧。请写一封回信来勉励这位同学。位同学。Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composi
