1、台了关于加强离退休干部经常性学习教育工作的意见（X办20XX32号）、关于贯彻落实X办20XX32号文件有关事项的通知（X老干20XX33号）等系列文件，对老干部比较关注的走访慰问、红色教育、参观工农业生产项目、离退休干部党组织负责人工作补贴、老年大学学费报销等问题作出政策规定。提高了生活长期完全不能自理的离休干部护理费标准，进一步加大特困离退休干部及困难遗孀帮扶力度，X直共发放帮扶资金XX万元，帮扶困难离退休干部及遗孀231人，发放X直困难企事业单位X名离休干部津补贴XX多万元，老干部的组织归属感、社会认同感和生活幸福感不断提升。自身建设实现一体联动。全X离退休干部工作系统坚持把加强自身建设
2、与贯彻党的十九大精神、开展“两学一做”学习教育等工作有机结合，不断加强主题教育，离退休干部工作队伍“四个意识”不断增强，“四个自信”不断树牢，工作作风进一步好转，有力促进离退休干部工作转型发展创新发展，有效提高了全X离退休干部工作的整体水平。在总结工作的同时，必须清醒看到工作中还存在一些问题和不足。表现在：一是少数地方和部门领导对离退休干部工作转型发展的紧迫性、必要性和内涵要求认识不深，离退休干部工作发展不平衡、不充分的问题依然存在。二是如何结合新形势新任务，加强对离退休干部的思想教育引导方面办法不多、针对性不够、手段较为陈旧传统。三是服务保障工作与离退休干部对美好生活的向往相比还有差距。特别
3、是如何更加精准精细地做好服务保障工作，更好满足离退休干部多样化养老需求措施不够，效果不明显。四是离退休干部工作队伍自身建设仍然不适应离退休干部工作新时代新使命新目标的需要，特别是在服务大局中如何找好对接点方面意识不强、主动性不够，等等。这些问题将在新的一年中通过改进创新加以解决。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央高度重视离退休干部工作，把离退休干部工作摆在十分重要的位置，反复强调，广大离退休干部是党和国家的宝贵财富，是党执政兴国的重要资源，是推进中国特色社会主义伟大事业的重要力量；强调离退休干部工作承载着党中央关心爱护广大老干部的重要任务，是中国共产党党的建设的特色；强调广大老干部要珍
4、惜光荣历史，不忘革命初心，永葆政治本色，继续做全面从严治党的坚定支持者和模范践行者。这些重要论述，深刻阐明了离退休干部工作的地位作用、职能职责、价值理念、检验标准、组织领导等重大问题，为做好离退休干部工作指明了前进方向，提供了根本遵循。党的十九大统揽“四个伟大”对党和国家各项事业作出战略部署，我们要主动对标、全面贯彻，尤其要贯彻落实新时代党的建设总要求，推动离退休干部工作更好地融入新时代党的建设新的伟大工程。从本质上讲，离退休干部工作就是党建工作。抓党建工作就是抓离退休干部工作，要抓好离退休干部工作就要着实抓好党建工作。目前，全国有离退休干部XX多万，其中党员XX多万，占全国党员总数的1/8；
5、有离退休干部党组织XX万多个，占全国基层党组织总数的1/19。我X现有离退休干部X万，其中党员X万多名，占全X党员总数的1/7；有离退休干部党组织XX万个，占全X基层党组织总数的1/16。无论是老干部、老党员，还是离退休干部党支部，在整个干部队伍、党员队伍和基层党组织中都占了相当大的比重。同时，广大老干部在长期革命、建设、改革实践中积累了丰富经验，具有不可替代的政治优势、经验优势、威望优势。推进新时代党的建设新的伟大工程，需要更加重视发挥他们的经验智慧和传帮带作用。因此，党的十九大报告把“认真做好离退休干部工作”放在党的建设部分加以部署，是很有深意的。我们要深化对离退休干部工作性质和特点的认识
6、，准确把握新时代离退休干部工作的定位和职责，切实把新时代党的建设总要求贯彻体现到离退休干部工作的全过程各方面，更加突出党建特色，更加用心用情做好离退休干部工作。2021年是中国共产党成立100周年，也是奋进“十四五”、开启新征程的第一年。新的一年，全X离退休干部工作总的思路是：离退休干部工作要坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神为指导，全面落实新时代党的建设总要求，认真贯彻全国组织部长、老干部局长会议部署，坚持稳中求进工作基调，坚持精准服务工作理念，坚持求真务实工作作风，进一步加强离退休干部政治建设、思想建设和党组织建设，精心做好离退休干部服务工作，积极引导离退休干部为党和人
7、民事业增添正能量，不断提高老干部工作质量和水平。（一）坚持把政治建设摆在首位，引导广大离退休干部坚决维护以习近平同志为核心的党中央权威和集中统一领导党的十九大深刻总结我们党的历史经验教训特别是十八大以来的成功实践，作出了把政治建设纳入党的建设总体布局并摆在首位的重大决策。离退休干部工作说到底是政治工作，必须旗帜鲜明讲政治，切实强化政治建设的统领地位和作用。加强政治建设，最紧要的是坚决维护习近平总书记党中央的核心、全党的核心地位，坚决维护以习近平同志为核心的党中央权威和集中统一领导，在思想上政治上行动上同以习近平同志为核心的党中央保持高度一致。老干部政治觉悟高，对党忠心耿耿，与党中央同心同德，有
8、深切的爱党忧党、护党兴党之情；政治经验丰富，政治敏锐性和鉴别力强，在大是大非问题上坚持原则、敢讲真话、敢于斗争，在群众中有很高的威信威望，思想观念、言行举止对其他党员干部特别是年轻同志有很大的示范性和影响力。要多形式多渠道向广大老干部宣讲十八大以来党和国家事业取得的历史性成就、发生的历史性变革，根本的是有习近平总书记这样雄才大略的领袖，有以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导，有习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的科学指引，引导他们牢固树立“四个意识”，坚决维护习近平总书记党中央的核心、全党的核心地位，坚决维护以习近平同志为核心的党中央权威和集中统一领导，自觉在政治立场、政治方向、政治原则、政治道路
9、上同以习近平同志为核心的党中央保持高度一致。要结合推进“两学一做”学习教育常态化制度化，引导老干部把党的十九大报告和党章作为经常性的学习内容，自觉学习、融会贯通、积极践行，争做合格共产党员。要引导广大离退休干部认真落实在全面管党治党中的政治责任，积极参加“两学一做”学习教育，过好组织生活，勇于批评和自我批评，始终保持公仆本色，始终牢记党员身份，始终保持对党忠诚的政治品格，始终严守政治纪律和政治规矩，做到政治要求不放松、政治标准不降低、政治原则不减弱、组织生活不脱离，继续做全面从严治党的坚定支持者和模范践行者。（二）精心组织开展“不忘初心、牢记使命”主题教育，用习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想武
10、装头脑维护核心、维护党中央权威和集中统一领导，既靠感情认同，更要建立在对科学理论的理性认同上，以思想上的高度一致保证政治上行动上的高度一致。党的十九大的重大历史贡献，是把习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想确立为我们党必须长期坚持的指导思想。我们要把学习贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想作为重大政治任务，组织引导广大老干部全面准确领会这一思想的历史地位、科学体系、精髓要义、实践要求，内化于心、外化于行。要坚持从实际ed to rise, I did not know it. When school was dismissed, I went out unconsciously. A few of
11、 the white boys laughed at me, saying: “Oh, youre a nigger, too.” I hurried on as fast as I could to where my lookingglass hung on the wall in my own little room. For an instant I was afraid to look, but when I did, I looked long and earnestly. I was accustomed to hearing remarks about my beauty; bu
12、t now, for the first time, I became conscious of it and recognized it. I noticed the ivory (象牙) whiteness of my skin, the beauty of my mouth, the size and liquid darkness of my eyes. I ran downstairs and rushed to where my mother was sitting. I buried my head in her lap and cried out: “Mother, tell
13、me, am I a nigger?” I could not see her face, but I felt her hands on my head. I looked up into her face. There were tears in her eyes and I could see that she was suffering for me. And then it was that I looked at her critically for the first 2005 年 10 月自考英语（二） 3 time. I had thought of her in a chi
14、ldish way only as the most beautiful woman in the world; now I looked at her searching for defects. I could see that her skin was almost brown, and that she did differ in some way from the other ladies who came to the house; yet, even so I could see that she was more beautiful than any of them. She
15、must have felt that I was examining her, for she hid her face in my hair and said with difficulty: “No, my darling, you are not a nigger.” She went on: “If anyone calls you a nigger, dont notice them.” But the more she talked, the less was I reassured, and I stopped her by asking: “Well, mother, am
16、I white? Are you white?” She answered tremblingly: “No, I am not white, but your father is one of the greatest men in the country. The best blood of the South is in you.” This suddenly opened up in my heart a fresh fear, and I almost fiercely demanded: “Who is my father? Where is he?” She stroked my
17、 hair and said: “Ill tell you about him some day.” I sobbed: “I want to know now.” She answered: “No, not now.” 21. We can infer from the passage that “a nigger ”means_. A. a white person B. a black person C. anyone that is not white D. anyone that is not black 22. When the teacher asked him to sit
18、down and rise with the others, the author was confused because_. A. he never considered himself a non-white person B. he thought the teacher didnt recognize him C. he thought he should be considered D. he thought it rude for the teacher to call his name 23. It was on that day that he began to realiz
19、e that _. A. he was a nigger B. he was different from others because of his beauty C. his color was like that of his mother D. he differed from other white people even with his beauty 24. From the passage we can learn that _. A. the boys father left them for some reasons B. the boys mother didnt wan
20、t to mention his father at all C. the boy never met his father before D. the boys mother hated his father 25.This passage generally tells us a story of _. A. a boy who suddenly realized that he was a colored person B. a boy who had been looked down upon because he had no father C. the miserable life
21、 of colored people D. the life of a one-parent family PassagePassage TwoTwo Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. For Americans, time is a “resource” that, like water or coal, can be used well or poorly. “Time is money,” they say. “You only get so much time in this life; youd best u
22、se it wisely.” The future will not be better than the past or the present unless people use their time fro constructive, future-oriented activities. Thus, Americans admire a “well-organized” person, one who has a written list of things to do and a schedule for doing them. The ideal person is 2005 年
23、10 月自考英语（二） 4 punctual and treasures other peoples time. The American attitude towards time is not necessarily shared by others, especially non-Europeans. They are more likely to consider time as something that is simply there around them, not something they can “use”. One of the more difficult thin
24、gs many foreign businessmen and students must adjust to in the States is the notion that time must be saved whenever possible and used wisely every day. In their efforts to use their time wisely, Americans are sometimes seen by foreign visitors as automatons, unhuman creatures who are so tied to the
25、ir clocks and their schedules that they cannot participate in or enjoy the human interactions that are the truly important things in life. “They are like little machines running around,” one foreign visitor said. The emphasis Americans place on efficiency is closely related to their concepts of the
26、future, change and time. To do something efficiently is to do it in the way that is quickest and requires the smallest investment of resources. American businesses sometimes hire “efficiency experts” to review their operations and suggest ways in which they could accomplish more than they are curren
27、tly accomplishing with the resources they are investing. Popular periodicals carry suggestions for more efficient ways to clean house, raise children, tend the yard, and so on. In this context the “fast-food industry” can be seen as a clear example of an American cultural product. McDonalds, Kentuck
28、y Fried Chicken, Pizza Hut, and other fast-food establishments prosper in a country where many people want to minimize the amount of time they spend preparing and eating meals. The millions of Americans who take their meals at fast-food restaurants cannot have much interest in lingering over their f
29、ood while conversing with friends, as millions of Europeans do. As McDonalds restaurants have spread around the world, they have been viewed as symbols of American society and culture, bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed, efficiency, and shiny cleanliness. The typical American food
30、, some observers argue, is fast food. 26. If a person treasures other peoples time, he . A. does not waste peoples time with conversation or activity that has no beneficial outcome B. does not believe the future will be any better than the present or the past C. likes to deep a written schedule of t
31、he daily activities with him D. likes to have his meals at the fast-food restaurants to save time 27. In the eyes of the foreign visitors in the States, American people . A. think that time is always there which needs budgeting B. enjoy saving and using time wisely everyday C. are indifferent in tha
32、t they are like feelingless machines D. are so fully engaged that they are unable to enjoy the important things in life 28. What is the job of an efficiency expert? A. Writing articles for periodicals. B. Recommending ways of efficient investment. C. Examining the quality of a companys products. 200
33、5 年 10 月自考英语（二） 5 D. Teaching people how to take care of their yard. 29. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Many Americans love having meals at fast-food restaurants. B. Americans are busier than other people in the world. C. The American fast-food industry helps spre
34、ad the American culture around the world. D. The United States is the father of the worlds fast-food industry. 30. The best title for this passage is . A. The American Concept of Time B. The Development of the American Fast Food Industry C. How to Raise Efficiency D. The American Food and Culture Pa
35、ssagePassage ThreeThree Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. It is difficult to estimate the number of youngsters involved in home schooling, where children are not sent to school and receive their formal education from one or both parents. Legislation and court decisions have make
36、 it legally possible in most states for parents to educate their children at home, and each year more people take advantage of that opportunity. Supporters of home education claim that it is less expensive and far more efficient than mass public education. Moreover they quote several merits: relief
37、of school overcrowding, added curricular and pedagogical (课程和教学法) alternatives, strengthened family relationships, lower dropout rates, increased motivation, higher standardized test scores, and reduced discipline problems. Supporters of home schooling also believe that it provides the parents with
38、the opportunity to reinforce their moral values through education. Critics of home schooling movement claim that it creates as many problems as it solves. They acknowledge that, in a few cases, home schooling offers educational opportunities superior to those found in most public schools, but few pa
39、rents can provide such educational advantages. Some parents who withdraw their children form the schools in favor of home schooling have an inadequate educational background and insufficient formal training to provide a satisfactory education for their children. Typically, parents have fewer, not mo
40、re technological resources available than do schools. However, the relatively inexpensive computer technology that is readily available today is causing some to challenge the notion that home schooling is in any way not so good as more highly structured classroom education. Finally, a sociological (
41、社会学) concern is the restricted social interaction experienced by children who are educated at home. Technology will never replace the pupil-teacher relationship. Also, while relationships with parents and brothers and sisters may be improved, children taught at home may develop a distorted (歪曲的) vie
42、w of society. 31. The main idea of the passage is that . A. more and more parents are in favor of home schooling B. home schooling is superior to school education because it has been legally approved 2005 年 10 月自考英语（二） 6 C. though home schooling has its advantages, it creates as many new problems at
43、 the same time D. school education is no doubt better than home education 32. Those who support home schooling think that . A. its less expensive and more efficient apart from other merits B. it has added curricular and pedagogical alternatives C. it will cause fewer discipline problems D. its more
44、important to reinforce moral values 33. Critics believe that . A. few parents can afford computers and technology when providing home education B. few parents are qualified enough to provide a satisfactory home education C. school teachers are better than parents D. classroom environment can provide
45、 most satisfactory education 34. According to the author, home schooling cannot help children . A. acquire social knowledge B. build up a relationship with family members C. build up pupil-teacher relationship D. develop a right view of society 35. The attitude of the author toward home schooling is
46、 . A. vague B. positive C. totally negative D. straight-forward PARTPART TWOTWO （5050 POINTSPOINTS） IV. Word Spelling (10 points, 1 point for two items) 将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整 的单词写在答题纸上。 36. 破坏，使遇难 vt w _ _ _ _ 37. 37. 自愿的，自发的 a. v_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38. 紧要的，紧迫的 a. u _ _ _ _ _ 39. 39. 容忍，忍受 vt. t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40. 症状，征兆 n. s _ _ _ _ _ _ 41. 41. 最近，不久前 ad. l _ _ _ _ _ 42. 放大，
