1、ys of American teenagers show that American young people prefer chatting with their firiends online or playing games on the Internet to driving around in their cars.For teenagers in the 50s and 60s of the 20th century,they had to have a car at an early age to show they were cool.Today, many teenager
2、s have to choose between a car and the latest amarphones.With gas prices going up ,car driving is becoming more expensive.For almost half of the people between 18 and 26,surfing the Internet is more important than owning a car. Young adults today meet thrir friends just through Facebook and chat , s
3、wap photos and play games together.The golden age of the 50s and 60s of the 20th century when teenagers drove around just for fun is gone . In those days a shiny new car was something to boast about . It shower who you were . In those days a shiny new car was something to boast about . It showed who
4、 you were . In 1978 about half of all 16-year-olds got their drivers licenses(驾驶执照)as soon as they had reached that age . In 2010 the figure dropped to only30%.Today driving is not as much fun as it was in the 50s and 60s of the 20th centuey . In the golden age car meant everything for young people
5、. Another reason why teenagers drive less may be stricter driving tests and the fact that 16-year-olds must drive with experienced drivers over 21 .A study also shows that Amerricans of all ages have reduced car use , mostly because high gas prices.1.Why did teenagers in the 50s and 60s have to buy
6、a car?A.To go traveling with their families . B.To play games with their friend .C.To have more talks with their friends D.To become cool and enjoy themselves.2.What make todays American car sales fall down according to the last paragraph?A.High gas prices B.Strict driving tests C.Heavy traffic D.La
7、ck of fashion styles3.The text is organized by comparing the different needs between American teenagers in the 50s and 60s of the 20th century and.A.American teenagers in 1978 B.16-year-olds in AsiaC.todays teenagers in AmericaD.middle-aged AsianaCMarco polo was born in Italy in 1254. When he was 17
8、 years old, he traveled across Europle and Asia with his father , who wanted to do trade with the Chinese . Eventually , they arrived in Beijing .At that time, China was ruled by the Yuan Dynasty Emperor, Kublai Khan.Kublai Khan welcomed Marco and his father. He was very happy to meet two foreigners
9、and wanted to learn all about Europe. Marco and his father were guests at the Emperors Palace. Although Marco was young, he was very clever and could already speak fourlanguages. The Emperor was impressed by him and they became friends . He asked Marco to serve in his court and sent him to do many i
10、mportant tasks across the country. In 1291, after 17 years of service to the Emperor, Marco returned to Italy. He was now a very wealthy man. Not long after his return, a local war broke out near his town. During the war, Marco was the captain of a warship but was caught by the enemy and put into pr
11、ison. However, Marco was lucky enough to meet another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories about China. The prisoner was an author and he took dictation while Marco toldall his stories to him. The prisoner then wrote the stories in a book called The Description of the World, which became on
12、e of the best-selling books in Europe. Although people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too fantastic to be true. But Marco always stood by his tales. Just before When Marco was asked the question, “Was it all true?”, to which he replied, “I have on
13、ly told a half of what I saw!” 7. How long did Marco polo serve the Emperor?A.34 yearsB.17 years C.27 years D.37 years8.Who worte the stories in a book named The Description of the World?A.Marco polo B.Kublai Khan C.A prisoner D.A captain9.What did people think of Marcos stories at first?A.Old and o
14、utdated B.Enjoyable but horrible C.Long and boring D.Interesting but unbelievable10.The genre(体裁) of the text belongs to a(n)A.stoy B.advertisement C.drama D.news report 第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 4 分，满分 20 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多项选项。If you want to lead a healthy life ,you should take care of y
15、our bady and manage choices in our life. 11 Drink proper waterWater is very essential for our bady to function. It is much needed in our bady as it carries out our body functions: removes waste and carries nutrients and oxygen around our body. We should take appropriate water every day . 12 Eat kind
16、s of fruit Healthy eating is a must to have a healthy lifestyle. Eating fruit benefits our body with vitamins and materials. 13 In order to lead a healthy life , one must eat fruit every day.Regular exercise 14 Exercising increases the life span, lowers the risk of diseases and help in weight loss.
17、Increase of physical activity will lead us to a healthy life.Enough sleep Sleep is a must for our body for a healthy life as our body needs rest after a day of hard work . If you dont get enough sleep , you may tend to eat more . You many aslo face earlier aging and dark circles beneath your eyes. S
18、o try to avoid these problems, please get enough sleep.Quit smoking to cut down unhealthy risks Smoking is not good for health , as it may lead to lung cancer , a heart attack and so on Health risks cannot be decreased even by smoking light cigarettes. 15 .A.Above all , get close to nature .B.To enj
19、oy a healthy life , quit smoking .C.Here are a few tips to lead a healthy life .D.Having a balanced diet is good for our health.E.Drinking more water helps in losing weight ,too .F.Exercising daily brings great benefits to our body .G.For example , oranges give more benefits than vitamin C pills.第二部
20、分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 60 分）第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 45 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A 、B 、 C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。There was once a lonely girl who longed(渴求) so much for love . One day while she was walking in the woods she found two starving birds . She took them home and put them in a small 16 .
21、She cared them with love and the birds 17 . Every morning they greeted her with a wonderful song. The girl felt great 18 for the birds.One day the girl left the cage door open . The larger and stronger of the two birds 19 from the cage. The girl was so 20 that he would fly away . As 21 flew close ,
22、she grasped him wildly . He heart felt glad at her success in 22 him. Suddenly she felt the bird go limp(无力的). She opened 23 and stared in horror at the dead bird . Her desperate lovehad killed him.She notice the other bird 24 back and forth on the edge of the cage. She could feel his great need for
23、 25 .He needed to soar into the clear, blue sky . She lifted him from the cage lightly and 26 threw him into the air . The bird circled once , twice , three timeThe girl watched happily at the birds enjoyment . He heart was no longer concerned with her loss. She wanted the bird to be free 27 happy .
24、 However, the bird flew 28 and landed softly on her shoulder. It sang the sweetest melody that she had ever 29 .The fastest way to lose love is to hold on to it too tight ; the best way to 30 is to give it WINGS!16.A.basket B.box C.cage D.garden17.A.grew strong B.became quiet C.grew weak D.became sm
25、all18.A.anger B.love C.pity D.sorrow19.A.fell down B.walked C.jumped out D.flew20.A.moved B.frightened C.encouraged D.excited21.A.the smaller B.he C.the other D.she 22.A.feeding B.killing C.touching D.catching23.A.her hand B.the door C.her eyes D.the cage24.A.moving B.acting C.drinking D.singing25.A
26、.love B.food C.freedom D.rest26.A.coldly B.wildly C.angrily D.softly27.A.and B.but C.or D.so28.A.farther B.about C.closer D.away29.A.cared B.found C.watched D.heard30.A.stop love B.keep love C.believe D.refuse love第卷第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 60 分）二二二 语篇型语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内
27、单词的正确形式。（注意：每空不多于 2 个单词，有的单词形式无需改变）One day , an artist was coming home by 31 (train),and he gave his last few 32 (coin) to a beggar . But then he saw another one and forgot that he didnt have any money left.He 33 (ask) the man if he would like to have supper with 34 (he )，and the beggar accepted , s
28、o they went into 35 small restaurant and had a good 36 (meal).At the end , the artist didnt 37 (have) money to pay the bill , so the beggar had to do it . The artist was very 38 (unhappy) about this , so he said to the beggar ,”Come home with me by taxi and Ill pay you back .”Oh , no !”the beggar an
29、swered 39 (quick), “I had to pay for your lunch , but I dont want 40 (pay) for your taxi home.”第三部分 初级写作（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）以下短文标有题号的每一行中都有一处错误，每处错误均已标出。请按下列情况改正：该行多一个词：多词处已经划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并用斜线（）划掉。该行缺一个词：缺词处已经加一个漏字符号（）, 在该行右边横线上写出该加的字。该行错一个词：错词处已经划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。De
30、ar Li HuaI am a high school student in the UK . I have just read yours article about 41.your experiences in the UK . I would like be your penfriend. 42.First of all ,let me introduce myself to you. My name ard Daniel Adams. 43.I am stud at Southampton High now .My favourite subject is English 44.Lit
31、erature. I am interesting in reading novels. Ive read all the Harry potter 45.book. At the weekend, I like playing football and surfing the Internet. 46.I didnt realized how different school in the UK are from schools in China 47.until I read your article . Im eager to knowing what life is like in a
32、 48.Chinese high school . I was preparing to travel to China with my parents 49.next the summer . Would you please be my guide if I travel to your city? 50.I hope the magazine will pass this letter to you soon!Best wishes!Daniel Adams第二节 书面表达（满分 20 分）假设你是李华，你的美国朋友 Mike 发来电子邮件，询问暑期你去内蒙古呼和浩特度假一事。请你根据下
33、列要点回封邮件。要点：1.解释没有及时回复邮件的原因：父亲生病，家人充满压力和紧张，父亲现有好转；2.回应暑期度假一事：刚从内蒙古（Inner Mongolia）呼和浩特 (Huhhot)度假回来。每年 8 月，家人通常去那儿度假。因为此时是欣赏草原美景的最佳时机。而且，著名的那达慕大会（the Nadama Fair）也在此时举办，非常有趣；3.询问 Mike 寒假安排：是继续学习还是外出度假？如是外出度假，可以以同前往；4.盼回复：尽快回复，告知近况。注意：1.词数 100 左右2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：1.就致歉 Im sorry
34、 2.回复邮件 answer ones email3.对有压力 Its been a streeful time for sb4.从暑期度假回来 return from the summer holidy5.欣赏草原美景 to enjoy the scenry of grasslands6.继续学习 still learning 7.外出度寒假 go on a winter hrformance，结构行为绩效）模型是由美国哈佛大学产业经济学权威贝恩（Bain）、谢勒（Scherer）等人建立的。该模型提供了一个既能深入具体环节，又有系统逻辑体系的产业分析框架，即：行业结构（Structure）
35、企业行为（Conduct）经营绩效（Performance）。SCP框架的基本涵义是，行业结构决定企业在市场中的行为，而企业行为又决定市场运行在各个方面的经济绩效。SCP模型，主要用于分析行业或者企业在受到外部冲击（主要是指行业或企业外部经济环境、政治、技术、文化变迁、消费习惯等因素的变化）时，可能的战略调整及行为变化。行业结构：主要是指外部各种环境的变化对企业所在行业可能产生的影响，包括行业竞争的变化、产品需求的变化、细分市场的变化、营销模型的变化等。企业行为：主要是指企业针对外部的冲击和行业结构的变化，有可能采取的应对措施，包括企业方面对相关业务单元的整合、业务的扩张与收缩、营运方式的转变
36、、管理的变革等一系列变动。经营绩效：主要是指在外部环境发生变化的情况下，企业在经营利润、产品成本、市场份额等方面的变化趋势。 19 / 17 访问网址: /贵州 2015 年临床执业助理医师生理学：心血管活动的神经调节考试试卷一、单项选择题（共 25 题，每题 2 分，每题的备选项中，只有 1 个事最符合题意） 1、58 岁女性，雪地滑跌倒时右手掌撑地，当即感左腕剧烈疼痛、活动受限，拇、示、中指掌侧麻木，查体侧面观像“餐叉”，最可能的诊断是A腕关节脱位B腕舟骨骨折C屈曲型桡骨下端骨折DSmith s 骨折EColles 骨折 2、心理治疗中的医患关系包括A单向性B系统性C正式性D时限性E以上都
37、是3、容易转移到脊椎的癌是A乳腺癌 B肾癌C膀胱癌 D前列腺癌E卵巢癌 4、对于要进行糖原尿酸盐结晶染色的标本其乙醇固定液浓度是A70% 乙醇 B75%乙醇C80%乙醇 D90%乙醇E100% 乙醇5、空腹时，心肌细胞的主要能源物质，是下列哪种物质A葡萄糖 B氨基酸C多肽 D脂肪酸E以上均不对 6、下列关于基因表达的概念叙述正确的是A其产物总是蛋白质 B其产物总是 RNAC其产物可以是 RNA 或蛋白质D其产物不包括 RNAE其产物不包括蛋白质 7、有关慢性支气管炎的描述错误的是A中、青年男性多见B临床出现反复发作咳嗽、咳痰或伴哮喘症状，且症状每年持续 2 个月，连续 2 年以上方可诊断C黏膜
38、上皮可出现鳞状化生D黏膜腺体增生、肥大，晚期可萎缩E支气管壁平滑肌增生、肥大 8、一侧舌咽神经、迷走神经损害，下列哪项不正确_A同侧软腭上提受限 B悬雍垂偏向同侧 C同侧咽反射消失D同侧咽部感觉消失 E无长束受损体征时，常提示脑干外病变 9、关于 DNA 连接酶的作用正确的是A可催化 dNTP 的 5-磷酸与 DNA 链的 3-OH 相连接B催化的反应在原核细胞中需要消耗 ATPC在 DNA 复制、修复、重组和剪接中均起缝合缺口的作用D合成冈崎片段E连接两个单独存在的 DNA 单链 10、男性，16 岁，全身浮肿，尿少。尿蛋白(+)。用糖皮质激素治疗过程中，突发右下肢不对称性肿胀伴胀痛，最可能
39、的原因是_A高尿酸血症痛风 B动脉栓塞 C右下肢静脉血栓形成D右下肢静脉炎 E肾性骨病11、“符合平滑肌肉瘤”的临床涵义是A肯定性诊断 B可信性强C病变性质不能完全肯定D临床可依据此诊断进行治疗E是良性肿瘤 12、上行性感染引起的急性肾盂肾炎，镜下首先发生的病变是A肾盂黏膜充血、水肿并有大量的中性粒细胞浸润B肾小管及肾小球内充满脓细胞C间质内有大量中性粒细胞浸润D间质充血水肿及中性粒细胞浸润E肾盂内变性、坏死的中性粒细胞 13、男性，30 岁，低热、盗汗、咳嗽、血痰 1 个月。X 线胸片示右上肺小片状浸润影，密度不均。确诊应选择的检查是APPD 试验B痰 TB-DNAC血清中结核抗体D痰检抗酸
40、杆菌E红细胞沉降率14、鉴别诊断输卵管妊娠流产与黄体破裂，下列哪个项目比较可靠A有七停经史B后穹窿穿刺CB 型超声检查D血妊娠试验(-HCG 检查)E有无阴道流血 15、阳虚感冒的治疗方剂宜首选A参苏饮B加减葳蕤汤C再造散D右归丸E麻黄附子细辛汤 16、动力性梗阻致急性尿潴留的病因是（）A前列腺增生B尿道外伤C尿道结石D膀胱颈挛缩E脊髓损伤 17、顾先生，72 岁。因急性心肌梗死收入院，10h 后突然意识丧失，血压测不清，颈动脉搏动消失。住院心电图监测为心室颤动，此时应采用最有效的治疗是_A人工呼吸B再次进行溶栓治疗C非同步直流电复律D静注利多卡因E心腔内注射肾上腺素 18、卵巢恶性肿瘤出现盆
41、腹腔内转移时，妇科查体的典型体征是A腹水B盆腔肿块C下腹部压痛D子宫一直肠凹内硬结E腹部柔韧感、移动性浊音(+) 19、在咨询过程中，咨询师常常以来访者的利益为出发点，用“如果我是你的话，我可能会”或者“如果那样的话，可能会对你更好”的句式，为来访者提供具有指导意义的观点来帮助来访者，这种技巧称为A解释 B指导 C忠告D建议 E自我暴露 20、生酮兼生糖氨基酸是A丙氨酸 B天冬氨酸C苯丙氨酸 D亮氨酸E甘氨酸 21、肺炎球菌在肺泡内繁殖，通过哪一途径扩散而致肺段或肺叶实变：A经支气管播散B经淋巴管播散C经 Cohn 孔播散D血行播散E细菌荚膜破坏肺泡壁 22、WHO 推荐使用的口服补液盐的张力
42、为_。A1/5 张B2/5 张C3/5 张D1/3 张E2/3 张23、关于月经出现下列哪些情况，需检查治疗_A12 岁女孩，月经初潮后 2 年，23 个月来一次月经，经期 57 天B月经期下腹及腰骶部酸痛，不影响学习和工作C本次月经前出现皮肤痤疮D14 岁女孩，月经初潮 13 岁，此次月经量多，伴贫血E49 岁妇女，近半年来月经不规律 5 天/23 月，量不多，伴轻度潮热症状 24、对病毒生物学性状的描述，不正确的是A测量大小的单位为纳米(nm)B含有 DNA 和 RNA 两种核酸C以复制方式增殖D必须寄生于活细胞内E属于非细胞型微生物25、维系蛋白质一级结构的化学键是A盐键B氢键C肽键D疏
43、水键E二硫键二、多项选择题（共 25 题，每题 2 分，每题的备选项中，有 2 个或 2 个以上符合题意，至少有 1 个错项。错选，本题不得分；少选，所选的每个选项得 0.5 分） 1、参与原核细胞翻译启动的物质不包括A起始因子 BGTPC核糖体大、小亚基 DmRNAE蛋氨酰-tRNA 2、易导致 DIC 发生的栓塞是：A瘤细胞栓塞B脂肪栓塞C羊水栓塞D空气栓塞E血栓栓塞3、适应障碍患者不可能出现的症状是A抑郁心境 B失眠 C头痛D幻听 E暴力行为 4、26 岁妇女，因妊娠 8 周行负压吸宫人工流产术。术中出现血压下降、心率过慢、面色苍白、出汗、胸闷，应考虑为A子宫穿孔B腹腔内出血C吸宫不全D
44、羊水栓塞E人工流产综合征5、无输血史初产妇 Rh()，第一胎发生胎儿溶血的原因是A肠道寄生虫感染B注射伤寒疫苗、破伤风或白喉类毒素C使用某些植物而被致敏D该孕妇为胎儿时即被致敏E大量胎儿红细胞通过胎盘进入母体循环 6、女性，11 岁，右侧扁桃体肿大，切除活检。切片见黏膜溃疡，瘤细胞弥漫性增生，中等大，有多个小核仁，胞质中等量，嗜碱性，可见吞噬细胞形成“星空”样分布，易见病理性核分裂象。免疫组化标记 IgM+、CD5-、CD10+、CD23- 、Ki-67 95%+ ，EBER+，病理诊断伯基特淋巴瘤。非生发中心 B 细胞来源的淋巴瘤是A滤泡性淋巴瘤 B伯基特淋巴瘤C弥漫性大 B 细胞淋巴瘤D霍奇金淋巴瘤 E套细胞淋巴瘤 7、以下疾病中早期易出现蜂窝肺改变的疾病是_A慢性支气管炎 B支气管扩张
