1、合作探究自主合作探究自主 航主合作探究自主 航主合作探究自主 航主WhatisFirstAid?Firstaidistheprovisionofimmediatecaretoavictimwithaninjuryorillness,usuallygivenbyalayperson(外行),andperformedwithinalimitedskillrange.Firstaidisnormallyperformeduntiltheinjuryorillnessissatisfactorilydealtwith(suchasinthecaseofsmallcuts,minorbruises,an
2、dblisters)oruntilthenextlevelofcare,suchasadoctor,arrives.合作探究自主 航主GuidingprinciplesThekeyguidingprinciplesandpurposesoffirstaidareoftengiveninthe“3Ps”.Thesethreepointsgovernalltheactionsundertakenbyafirstaider.PreventfurtherinjuryPreservelifePromoterecovery合作探究自主 航主LimitationsThenatureoffirstaidmea
3、nsthatmostpeoplewillonlyhavealimitedknowledge,andinemergencysituations,firstaidersareadvisedtoFIRSTseekprofessionalhelp.Thisisdonebycalling,orassigninganablebystandertocallanemergencynumber,whichis9-1-1inmanyplaces.Thereisnoworldwidecommonemergencynumber.TheEuropeanUnionhasestablished1-1-2astheunive
4、rsalemergencynumberforallitsmemberstates.InChina,itis1-2-0.IntheUnitedKingdomandRepublicofIreland,thenumbers999,112and911allworkinparallel.Inemergencysituations,itisimportantthattheresponderseekhelpbyothermeans,iftelephonecontactisunavailable.合作探究自主 航主诱思探究1.Doyouthinkfirstaidisimportant?Whyorwhynot?
5、2.Haveyouevergivenfirstaidtoothers?Inwhatsituations?答案：Differentstudentshavedifferentanswers.答案：Differentstudentshavedifferentanswers.合作探究自主合作探究自主基文本感知知精要.词汇拓展1. adj.暂时的;临时的adv.暂时地;临时地答案：temporary;temporarily2. n.损伤;伤害vt.伤害;损害adj.受伤的答案：injury;injure;injured3.n.毒药;毒害vt.毒害;使中毒adj.有毒的答案：poison;poisonou
6、s4. adj.复杂的n.复杂性;难懂答案：complex;complexity5. n.变化;多样(化);多变(性)v.不同;改变adj.不同的;各式各样的答案：variety;vary;various合作探究自主基文本感知知精要6.n.辐射;射线 v.辐射;放射答案：radiation;radiate7. adj.轻微的;温和的;温柔的 adv.轻微地;稍微地答案：mild;mildly8.adj.肿胀的v.膨胀;肿胀答案：swollen;swell9.adj.难以忍受的;不能容忍的adj.能忍受的vt.承受;忍受答案：unbearable;bearable;bear10.adj.至关重要
7、的;生死攸关的adv.极其;十分答案：vital;vitally11.adj.潮湿的n.潮湿答案：damp;dampness合作探究自主基文本感知知精要12. vi.&vt.流血n.血液adj.血腥的;残暴的答案：bleed;blood;bloody13. adv.紧地;牢牢地adj.牢固的;紧的 vt.(使)变紧;更加牢固答案：tightly;tight;tighten14.adv.坚固地;稳定地adj.坚定的;(动作)稳定有力的答案：firmly;firm合作探究自主基文本感知知精要.短语互译1.生病答案：fallill2. 担当;充当答案：actas3.各种各样的答案：avarietyo
8、f4.触电;电休克答案：electricshock5.takeoff答案：脱下;起飞6.squeezeout答案：榨出;挤出合作探究自主基文本感知知精要7.overandoveragain答案：反复;多次8.inplace答案：在适当的位置;适当9.situp答案：坐直;坐起来合作探究自主基文本感知知精要.重点句型1.Firstaidisatemporaryformofhelpgiventosomeonewhosuddenlyfallsillorbeforeadoctorcanbefound.急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予的一种暂时性的帮助。答案：getsinjured2.Re
9、moveclothingusingscissors itisstucktotheburn.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上,否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话,可以使用剪刀。答案：ifnecessaryunless合作探究自主基文本感知知精要.篇章结构Fill in the blanks according to the text (3 words at most for each blank).barrieravariety/varietiesof/various合作探究自主基文本感知知精要Mildelectricshocksswollendamaged合作探究自主基文本感知知精要Firstaidtre
10、atmentscissorsbandagehigher合作探究自主基文本感知知精要.篇章信息Read the passage and choose the best answer.1.YoucantreatburnsathomeinallthefollowingcasesEXCEPTthat.A.theburnedareaisslightlyswollenB.theburnedareaturnswhitewhenpressedC.youfeellittleornopainafterbeingburnedbecausenervesaredamagedD.youtouchedahotpanfora
11、second答案：C合作探究自主基文本感知知精要2.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedtotreatburns?A.Cream.B.Peanutoil.C.Butter.D.Wetcloths.3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Removeclothingfromtheburnedareaevenifitisstucktotheburn.B.Burnsaredividedintothreetypesaccordingtothelayersoftheburntskin.C.Ifyouarebu
12、rnedontheface,youshouldliedownimmediately.D.Puticywateronanyburntostoptheburningprocess.答案：D答案：B合作探究自主123456789基文本感知知精要1.First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.(P33)急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予的一种暂时性的帮助。1)aidn.&vt.帮助;援助;资
13、助Thankstoyouraid,Imanagedtorunthecompany.多亏了你的资助,我才办成了这家公司。Theoldwomanwalkswiththeaidofastick.那位老妇人拄着拐杖走路。IcantspeakanyFrench,butanicemancametomyaidandtoldmehowtogo.我不会说法语,不过一个好心人帮了我的忙,告诉我怎么走。合作探究自主123456789基文本感知知精要Wearecollectingmoneyinaidofthepeoplewhohavelosttheirhomesintheearthquake.我们正在集资以帮助那些在
14、地震中失去家园的人。HisteacheraidedhiminhisEnglishstudy.老师帮助他学习英语。OnSundaysIusuallyaidmymotherindoinghousework.星期天我通常帮助妈妈做家务。withtheaidofsb./withsb.said在某人的帮助下cometoonesaid来帮助某人inaidof.为了帮助aidsb.in(doing)sth.在某方面帮助某人合作探究自主123456789基文本感知知精要合作探究自主123456789基文本感知知精要2)fallill生病Thenhisfatherfellillanddied.后来他父亲生病死了
15、。Shefellillwithahighfever.她发高烧病倒了。Hismotherhasbeenillforamonth.他母亲已经病了一个月了。(beenill不能用fallenill代替)fallill属于非延续性动词短语,一般不与表示一段时间的状语连用,当句中有表示一段时间的状语时,通常用be动词代替fall。若表示“因而病倒”或“患病”时,则常用介词with。合作探究自主123456789基文本感知知精要fallbehind落后fallsick生病fallasleep入睡fallinlovewith.爱上falloff数量减少fallintothehabitof.养成的习惯fall
16、over跌倒;绊倒fallsilent沉默合作探究自主123456789基文本感知知精要3)getinjured在这里含有被动含义,意为“受伤”。get在此失去了原有的词汇意义,而接近于be,但同“be+过去分词”相比,“get+过去分词”更强调动作的结果,体现动作性。(1)getburnt/burned烧伤/烫伤getbroken破碎gethurt受伤getlost迷路getpaid拿工资getkilled被杀死getmarried结婚getdrowned被淹死getdressed穿衣服getdamaged遭到破坏getseparated分散getcaughtin陷入/遭到(2)getsb.
17、todosth.让某人做某事getsb.doingsth.让某人一直做某事合作探究自主123456789基文本感知知精要合作探究自主123456789基文本感知知精要合作探究自主123456789基文本感知知精要合作探究自主123456789基文本感知知精要合作探究自主123456789基文本感知知精要合作探究自主基文本感知知精要1234567892.Often the illness or injury is not serious,but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives.(P33)通常情况
18、下这些疾病或损伤都不太严重,但有些时候,给予紧急救助能挽救人的生命。1)when.lives为定语从句,修饰先行词times。在该定语从句中,givingfirstaid为动词-ing短语做主语。2)injuryn.损伤;伤害Severalbuspassengersreceivedseriousinjuriesinthecrash.在这次碰撞中公交车上有几位乘客受了重伤。Whatyousaidwasaninjurytoherfame.你所说的话有损她的名声。Whatyousaiddidaninjurytotheirself-esteem.你说的话伤了他们的自尊心。合作探究自主基文本感知知精要1
19、23456789beaninjury(injuries)tosb./sth.对某人/某物来说是(一种)危害/损伤dosb.aninjury(=doaninjurytosb.)伤害某人injuredadj.受伤的Twopeoplehavebeenseriouslyinjuredinaroadaccident.两个人在一次交通事故中受了重伤。合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789助记 图解各种“伤”合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自
20、主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要1234567893.You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease,poisons and the suns harmful rays.(P33)皮肤有三层,它们是防病、防毒、抵御太阳有害光线侵害的一道屏障。poisonn.毒药;毒害vt.毒害;使中毒Somemushroomscontainadeadlypoison.有些蘑菇含有致命毒素。DoyoubelievethatTVispoisoningthemindsofchildren?你认为
21、电视在毒害孩子们的思想吗?Thesefactorieshavepoisonedtheriverwithwastewater.这些工厂用废水污染了这条河。合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789poisonsth.withsth.用污染/伤害poisonousadj.有毒的;有害的Thismedicineispoisonousiftakeninlargequantities.这种药大量服用是有害的。合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要1234567894.You can get burned by a va
22、riety of things:hot liquids,steam,fire,radiation(by being close to high heat or fire,etc),the sun,electricity or chemicals.(P34)你可能由于各种原因而烧伤:灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或大火等)、阳光、电或化学物品。 varietyn.变化,多样性(不可数);各种各样,种类,品种(可数)Weallneedvarietyinourdiet.我们都需要饮食多样化。Heleftforavarietyofreasons.他因种种原因而离开了。Therearevar
23、ietiesofplantsinthegarden.花园里有各种各样的植物。Weregoingtogrowanewvarietyofwheatthisyear.今年我们要种植一种新品种的小麦。合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789avarietyof=varietiesof各种各样的variousadj.各种各样的varyv.不同,相异;变化Theirhobbiesaremanyandvarious.他们的业余爱好五花八门。合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要1234567895.Remove clot
24、hing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.(P34)除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上,否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话,可以使用剪刀。1)unless是连词,在此意为“如果不,除非”。合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789在真实条件句中,unless引导的肯定条件状语从句可以和if.not.引导的否定状语从句互换。unless不可用于假想的事情,因此当if.not引导非真实条件状语从句时,一般不可改用unless。Unlessyouchangeyourmind,Iwontbeabletohelpyou.=Ify
25、oudontchangeyourmind,Iwontbeabletohelpyou.除非你改变想法,否则我不能帮助你。YoushouldkeepworkingunlessItellyoutostop.=YoushouldkeepworkingifIdonttellyoutostop.如果我没说让你停,你就得继续干。合作探究自主基文本感知知精要1234567892)ifnecessary是一个省略句,相当于ifitisnecessary。Ifnecessary,Illgotheremyself.如果有必要的话,我将亲自去那儿一趟。ifpossible如果有可能的话ifany如果有的话ifso如果
26、这样的话ifever如果曾经有过的话ifnot如果不是的话WillyoubefreethisSunday?Ifso,letsgocamping.这个周日你有空吗?如果有,我们去野营吧。Isanybodyfeelingcold?Ifnot,letusopenthewindow.有谁感到冷吗?没有的话,就让我们打开窗户吧!合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要1234567896.
27、For second degree burns,keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water,squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.(P34)对于二度烧伤,要保持湿布清凉,需把湿布放回冷水盆中,拧出水后再放在烧伤面上,这样要反反复复地做一个小时左右,直到不太痛时为止。1)squeeze.out挤出;榨出(水、汁等
28、)Hetookoffhiswetclothesandsqueezedthewaterout.他脱下湿衣服并把水挤出来。合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789助记 图解squeeze一词多义合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789squeezeinto挤入squeezethrough挤过(勉强通过)squeeze(sb.)up(againstsb./sth.)(使某人)(跟他人或某物)挤在一起;贴近Therewerealreadyfourpeopleinthelift,buthemanagedtosqueezein.电梯里已经有4个人,但他还是挤了进去。 Thepoorchildr
29、ensqueezedupagainsteachothertowarmthemselvesup.可怜的孩子们挤靠在一起,互相取暖。合作探究自主基文本感知知精要1234567892)overandover(again)反复;再三地Ivewarnedyouoverandoveragain.我已反复警告过你了。Saythewordsoverandovertoyourself.把这些话自己重复几遍吧。(all)overagain(从头)再一次onceagain=oncemore再一次againandagain=overandover(again)=timeandtimeagain再三地Hedidthew
30、orksobadlythatIhadtodoitalloveragain.他做得太差劲了,我只好重做一遍。Illtellyouhowtodoitonceagain.我再一次告诉你怎么做。合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要1234567897.Hold the bandage in place with tape.(P35)用胶布把绷带固定。inplace在适当的位置;适当的Shehasahabitofhavingeverythinginplace.她习惯把每件东西
31、都放在适当的位置。Herdresswasquiteinplaceattheparty.晚会上她的打扮非常得体。合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789inonesplace在某人的位置上outofplace不合适的;不在适当的位置takeplace发生inplaceof代替taketheplaceof代替takeonesplace代替;就位giveplaceto.让位给Theseclothesareoutofplace.Pleaseputthemaway,Lucy.这些衣服摆乱了。露西,请把它们收起来。Youcanuseapencilinplaceofapen.你可以用铅笔代替钢笔。合作
32、探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要1234567898.If the injuries are second or third degree burns,it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.(P35)如果属于二度或三度烧伤,就必须立即把患者送去看医生或送往医院。1)句中it是形式主语,真正的主语是togetthevictim.atonce。it经常用来代替不定式或从句,做形式主
33、语或形式宾语。Itisimpossibletomakehimchangehismind.让他改变主意是不可能的。Itworriedheralotthathersondidntsaymuchathomerecently.近来她的儿子在家很少说话,这让她很担心。合作探究自主基文本感知知精要1234567892)vitaladj.极其重要的;必不可少的;致命的;生死攸关的Thepoliceperformavitalroleinoursociety.警察在我们的社会中起着极其重要的作用。Theheartperformsavitalfunction.心脏起着重要作用。vital如果用于主语从句,即“It
34、isvitalthat.”,此时主语从句必须使用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形,should可以省略。类似的形容词还有essential,necessary,important,natural等。Itisvitalthatyou(should)keepcalminthefaceofdanger.面临危险时,最重要的是你要保持镇静。Itisessentialthatyou(should)beabletopronounceeverysinglewordcorrectly.你能正确发出每个单词的读音是很重要的。合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456
35、789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要1234567899.Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin.(P35)萨姆把水泡弄破,把冰箱里的冰水倒在皮肤上。pourvt.&vi.倒;灌;注;涌Whydontyoupouryourselfanotherdrink?你为什么不给自己再倒一杯酒呢?Kimpouredwineintotheglasses.金姆把酒倒进玻璃杯。Thecrowdpouredoutoftheconcerthall.人群从音乐厅里涌出来。LiampouredouthisfeelingsoflonelinesstoLaura.利亚姆向劳拉倾诉了自己的孤独感。合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789pour.into.朝里面倒pourinto/outof涌进/涌出pouroutsth.tosb.向某人倾诉某事合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789合作探究自主基文本感知知精要123456789
