1、第二册主 编：束定芳副 主 编：王蓓蕾分册主编：田 臻 编 者： 钱晶晶 朱 彦 杨红燕 王琳艺 何幼平 陈科芳 沈 华 责任编辑：廖红雁美术设计：戴玉倩普通高中教科书 英语 选择性必修第二册 上海市中小学（幼儿园）课程改革委员会组织编写出 版 发 行 上海外语教育出版社（上海市大连西路 558 号）印 刷 上海中华印刷有限公司版 次 2021 年 6 月第 1 版印 次 2021 年 6 月第 1 次开 本 890 毫米 1240 毫米 1/16印 张 6字 数 190 千字书 号 ISBN 978-7-5446-6401-1电子出版物号 ISBN 978-7-900586-86-5（音视频
2、）定 价 20.70 元（含音视频资料）版权所有未经许可不得采用任何方式擅自复制或使用本产品任何部分违者必究如发现内容质量问题，请拨打电话 4008-213-263。如发现印、装质量问题，影响阅读，请与上海外语教育出版社联系。 电话：021-65609540全国物价举报电话：12315声明：按照中华人民共和国著作权法第二十五条有关规定，我们已尽量寻找著作权人支付报酬。著作权人如有关于支付报酬事宜可及时与出版社联系。Unit 1 ScientistsUnit 2 Language and MindUnit 3 CharityUnit 4 DisasterSurvivalUnderstanding
3、DiscoveringReading, Listening and ViewingVocabulary Focus Grammar in UseReading A: Saving Tibet One Seed at a Time (Report)Expressions related to scientists-ing/-edforms 4 used as predicativesReading B: Rosalind Franklin (Biography)Reading strategy: Identifying the authors feelingsListening: Stephen
4、 Hawking (Radio programme)Viewing: Do You Know These Female Scientists? (TV programme) Culture Link: Nobel Prize Fast FactsReading A: How Language Shapes the Way We Think (Speech)Expressions related to language and mindSubject clauses and predicative clausesReading B: For a Better Brain, Learn a New
5、 Language (Research report)Listening: Saving Critically Endangered Languages in Australia (Radio programme)Culture Link: Languages Are DisappearingViewing: Why Should Students Learn Foreign Languages? (Mini-lecture)Reading A: To Give or Not to Give: What Prompts Us to Donate to Charity? (Research re
6、port)Expressions related to charity-ing forms used as subjects and objectsReading B: Pay It Forward (Short story)Listening: Non-profit Organisations Founded by Teenagers (Report)Viewing: Teaching Kids About Charity (TV programme)Reading A: Surviving the Earthquake (Short story) Expressions related t
7、o surviving disastersComplex-ing formsReading B: How to Survive Natural Disasters (Directions)Listening: Typhoon Mangkhut Struck Southern China (News report)Listening strategy: Note taking: mappingViewing: How to Survive an Earthquake (Vodcast)UnitP2P18P34P50P50Appendices * Literature Corner P66 * W
8、ords and Expressions P70 Reading P70Listening and Viewing P80* Grammar Terms P82 * Glossary P83ProducingExtending SpeakingWritingCritical ThinkingFurther ExplorationRecommending stories of scientists Descriptive writing:Writing a descriptive essay to share your experience of exploring scienceAnalysi
9、ng and evaluating peoples attitudesCreating a full-colour booklet of a group of Chinese scientistsGiving a presentationon the possible effects of learning a foreignlanguageSpeaking strategy:Signalling a transitionArgumentative writing:Writing anargumentative essayon an additional foreign language co
10、urse Analysing cause-effect relationships Collecting information about dialect protection in ChinaSuggestinga creative charityevent for your schoolSpeaking strategy:Expanding onyour ideasCulture Link: Some CreativeCharity EventsNarrative writing:Writing a narrativeto share your experienceof helping
11、othersEvaluating fromdifferent perspectives Exploring charity traditions of ancient ChinaConducting a survey about residents awareness of self-protection methods in natural disastersExpository writing:Writing an expositoryessay on a natural disasterCreating apersonalised planCulture Link: China Inte
12、rnational Search and Rescue Team (CISAR)Role-playing in a disaster sceneMap of the Book致同学们亲爱的同学们：经过小学和初中阶段的学习，大家已经掌握了一定的英语语音、词汇、语法等知识，也具备了一定的英语应用能力。大家是否希望通过英语了解更多的世界文化？是否希望能够运用英语来介绍中国文化和社会生活呢？是否希望通过英语学习获得更多的知识和技能，进而提升自己的思维品质和综合素养？是否希望在课内外英语学习活动中提升自主学习的能力 ?本套教材为同学们精心准备了题材丰富、风格多样的学习材料和形式活泼、寓教于乐的学习活动，
13、让大家在学习英语的同时，领略博大精深的中华文化、绚烂多彩的世界文化、拓展全球视野。同学们，高中阶段英语学习的主要目的是全面提升语言能力。同时，通过英语学习获取更多的中外优秀文化知识，挖掘其承载的文化价值，提升跨文化交际意识和交流能力，训练思维的逻辑性、批判性和创造性。本套教材共七册，其中前三册为必修阶段教材，后四册为选择性必修阶段教材。每册由四个单元组成。每个单元围绕人与自我、人与社会或人与自然三大主题展开，形成一个交际和学习活动相结合的有机整体。每个单元包括四大板块：理解（UNDERSTANDING）板块提供丰富的阅读、听力材料和视频片段；发现（DISCOVERING）板块包括词汇和语法知识
14、，帮助同学们发现、掌握并学会使用规则，达到举一反三的效果；表达（PRODUCING）板块设计了听、说、读、看、写结合的综合活动，以帮助同学们提升用英语完成相关交际任务的能力；拓展（EXTENDING）板块包括思维训练（Critical Thinking）和项目探究（Further Exploration）两个部分，前者旨在帮助同学们训练逻辑思维和批判性思维的能力，后者指导同学们开展研究性学习、自主学习和合作学习。文化链接（Culture Link）为灵活板块，主要介绍与单元主题相关的世界文化或中国文化小百科知识。同学们还可以通过每单元最后的自我评价（Self-assessment）检测自己的学
15、习成效，发现需要改进的地方后，制定相应的提升计划。同学们，掌握一门外语意味着多一双看世界的眼睛，多一双听世界的耳朵，多一个探索世界的工具，也多一条传播中国文化的途径。学习外语需要大量的实践，需要持之以恒的努力。希望同学们在老师的指导下，把教材作为起跳板，充分调动你们已有的知识，探索未知的领域， “跃”向更广阔的世界。 编者 2020 年 5 月12Unit1Look at the picture on the left and answer the questions.1. What do you think the man is doing?2. What kind of scientist
16、 might he be? Why? 3. What kind of scientist do you want to become if you are interested in science?Look deep into nature, and then you will understand everything better. Albert Einstein Getting StartedScientists3Today, more than 40 million seeds from nearly 1,000 different kinds of plants have been
17、 collected from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. We owe this to Zhong Yang, a professor of biology at Fudan University and Tibet University, who saw the value of studying plants.Zhong spent a lot of time and effort building a collection of seeds for Chinas national seed bank. A seed bank preserves plant s
18、eeds and may have medical or agricultural value in the future. Storing seeds also protects biodiversity the balanced variety of plant and animal life in the world. More than 80 percent of the seeds that Zhong collected are from 51015152025303545the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau a large elevated plain that i
19、s also known as the “roof of the world.” The plateau is home to almost one fifth of Chinas plants and is therefore an important resource. However, it is highly challenging for people to collect seeds from the plateau. One has to deal with varying climates and environments depending on an areas posit
20、ion above sea level. In fact, a third of the seeds collected on the plateau were found at a height of 4,000 metres above sea level! On top of that, the seed bank requires that at least 5,000 seeds of each plant be collected so they can be preserved for more than 100 years.Some seeds are easy to coll
21、ect ? What difficulties might scientists face when collecting seeds in high-altitude areas? Read the text about a biologist who devoted his life to the work he had chosen to do.READING ASAVING TIBET ONE SEED AT A TIME4UNIT 14060657075455055while others are more difficult. One seed that is hard to co
22、llect is from a special species of peach. In order to get 5,000 seeds, Zhong and his students started eating the peaches, lots of the peaches. “Since there is no suitable machine available for collecting the pits, we have to eat the peaches, which taste awful. But this is the safest way to get the s
23、eeds,” Zhong said.Every year, Zhong and his students walked at least 10,000 kilometres to collect seeds. They sometimes fell ill because they had plant allergies. Also, to save time, Zhong and his students ate only one meal a day while travelling to the mountains. Despite all these hardships, they p
24、ersisted. Zhong spent countless hours collecting seeds in Tibet. While he was deeply devoted to this work, he also believed in improving education there. “After staying some years in Tibet, I have realised that Tibet needs an educator more than a biologist,” Zhong once said. As a biology professor a
25、t Tibet University, Zhong helped to develop programmes of study in biology and other sciences.Zhong first started his work in Tibet in 2001 and worked on his research until he died in an unfortunate car accident in 2017. Zhong was aware that his research had touched only the “tip of the iceberg.” Th
26、ere was so much more to do. “I have never regretted being a scientist,” Zhong once said. “Imagine what you do today will benefit many people, even after you die. Everything difficult is worth the price.”Personal TouchDo you find Zhong Yangs story impressive? Why?Scientists5I. Fill in the blanks acco
27、rding to the text. II. Answer the questions. III. Fill in the blanks with evidence from the text to support the statement about Zhong Yang. An example is given.IV. What other qualities do you think Zhong Yang had as a scientist and educator? Support your opinion with evidence from the text. 1. Why i
28、s it important to build seed banks?2. What challenges did Zhong Yang and his team face when collecting seeds in Tibet? 3. What did Zhong do as an educator in Tibet?4. Why did Zhong never regret choosing his career?ComprehensionZhong Yangs major contribution as a scientistMore than 40 million seeds f
29、rom nearly 1,000 different kinds of plants have been collected from the (1) _.Zhong never regretted (4) _. Zhong spent a lot of time and effort (2) _.Zhong was also devoted to (3) _ at Tibet University.Zhongs work in TibetZhongs attitude towards scienceStatement:Zhong was very hard-working and tough
30、.Evidence: He had to deal with varying climates and environments depending on an areas position above sea level. _ _Digging In6UNIT 1Vocabulary FocusToday, more than 40 million seeds have been collected from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. We 1 _ this to Zhong Yang, a professor of 2 _. Zhong arrived in T
31、ibet in 2001 to collect seeds for scientific purposes. His work provided a great start to Chinas national seed bank. A seed bank stores plant seeds and may have medical or agricultural value in the future. It can also protect biodiversity the balanced 3 _ of plants and animals.Zhong and his students
32、 spent a lot of time and effort collecting seeds from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau a large elevated 4 _ that is also known as the “roof of the world.” The work was highly 5 _ for Zhong and his team. They had to deal with 6 _ climates and environments there. Some 7 _ grow at high altitudes and Zhong and
33、 his students had to walk a long way to collect them. They sometimes 8 _ because of plant allergies. Despite all these difficulties, they continued their work.While Zhong 9 _ collecting seeds in Tibet, he also spent a lot of time improving education there. He worked as a biology professor at Tibet U
34、niversity and helped to develop programmes of study in biology and other sciences.Zhong never regretted being a scientist. He believed a scientists work could 10 _ all mankind.I. Key VocabularyMatch the words or expressions with their definitions. Then fill in each blank with one of the words or exp
35、ressions in its appropriate form to complete the passage. (1) plain a. the small hard part produced by a plant, from which a new plant can grow (2) (be) devoted to b. the study of the life and structure of plants and animals (3) challenging c. to do good to (4) variety d. a large area of flat land (
36、5) biology e. marked by differences (6) seed f. suddenly become ill (7) varying g. to have sth because of the help or influence of sb or sth (8) benefit h. giving sb or sth a lot of love and attention (9) fall ill i. difficult in a way that tests ones ability (10) owe j. different kinds of sthScient
37、ists7I. Compare and tell the difference in the uses of the underlined parts in each pair of sentences.Grammar in Use-ing/-ed forms 4 used as predicativesScience plays a major role in society. Because of science, human understanding of the past, present, and future is continually changing. For exampl
38、e, decades ago the idea of 1 _ on the moon would have seemed impossible. Today it is a mark of 2 _. Events once regarded as material for 3 _, such as landing on Mars, now seem possible.Science and technology can be found in nearly all aspects of everyday life. For example, if electricity had never b
39、een discovered, telephones, lights, and televisions would not exist. Advances in electronics have brought us into what is called the 4 _. Because of 5 _, information can be processed in seconds.At one time, computers were extremely expensive. They were rarely found 6 _ and large companies. But now c
40、omputers can be found in many homes, schools, stores and libraries. Computers are also used in many places. They are used as 7 _ in schools, to monitor heating systems at home and to guide satellites and space research. In the future, computers may even have microprocessors produced in 8 _. 1. a. He
41、 spends a lot of time with animals every day. Studying animals is his job. b. He spends a lot of time with animals every day. His job is studying animals.2. a. The upcoming field trip got him worried. b. He seemed worried about the upcoming field trip.3. a. Zhong Yang was devoted to scientific work.
42、 b. Zhong Yang was a devoted scientist.4. a. It was frightening for him to carry out that dangerous experiment. b. He felt frightened to carry out that dangerous experiment.II. Topic-Related ExpressionsFill in the blanks with the expressions given in the box to complete the passage. Note that there
43、are two more options than you need.science fiction landing a spaceship online learning information age scientific progress digital learning tools outside of labs outer space scientific process computer technology8UNIT 1III. Complete the passage using the -ing or -ed forms of the given verbs.II. Comp
44、lete the dialogues with the -ing or -ed forms of the words given in brackets. Grammar HighlightsThe -ing and -ed forms of a verb can be used as predicatives that provide specific information about the subjects of the sentences. They usually come after linking verbs: be, seem, get, look, become, appe
45、ar, etc. For example: His job is studying animals. The findings seemed amazing. All these mysteries remain unsolved.1. A: Whats wrong with our data? B: I have no idea. The problem is quite _ (puzzle).2. A: Whats your dream job? B: My dream job is _ (explore) space. I always admire astronauts.3. A: H
46、ow did your parents react when they learned that youd won the school science prize? B: They were _ (excite) at the news.4. A: Why is Professor Chen upset? B: Because hes _ (disappoint) at the results of his patent application. The first living things to travel in space were not human beings. They we
47、re animals. It sounds 1 _, doesnt it?In 1952, the United States sent two monkeys named Patricia and Mike into space. Scientists wanted to see what would happen when the spaceship reached a height of 36 miles at a speed of 2,000 miles per hour. The findings seemed amazing. The monkeys survived! The s
48、cientists were 2 _ to find out that living things could survive the trip into space. Patricia and Mike landed safely and went to live at a park in Washington, D.C. A dog named Laika was 3 _ as the first living thing to travel around the Earth in a spaceship. She was sent into space in 1957. Her job
49、was 4 _ inside the spaceship and 5 _ scientists monitor her heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure during the trip. In this way, the scientists were able to learn about the effects of space travel on living things. Animal astronauts helped pave the way for human astronauts. Thanks to these animal
50、s, scientists learned that humans could survive space travel. travel let excite surprise knowScientists9I. Answer the questions.Listening, Viewing and SpeakingII. Listen and choose the best answer.This passage mainly introduces Stephen Hawkings _.A. sufferings during his lifetimeB. sufferings and gr
