1、第1页第2页类别课程目标要求掌握项目课程目标要求掌握项目话题the universe and the conquest of the universe词汇leap,joint,accustomed,witness,advanced,abstract,burst,depend,view,random,deed,accuse,assume,foresee,historic,consistent,pray,consult,launch,permanent,decade,tune,worth,acknowledge,avenge,sorrow,latter,grasp,relief,devision,
2、faith,dignity,alien,invade,scholarpray for,set in motion,set out,at the beginning of,be similar to,in spite of句型句型1.as引导倒装句引导倒装句2.Its wellknown that.3.other than.4.no more.than.语法法名名词性从句性从句功功效效Making a time line of Chinese第3页第4页第5页1leap nC/v.飞跃，跳跃飞跃，跳跃He got over the stream with a single leap.他一他一跃就
3、跳就跳过了小溪。了小溪。The production is increasing by leaps and bounds.生生产正在极其快速地增加。正在极其快速地增加。第6页知识拓展知识拓展by/in leaps and bounds极其快速地极其快速地make leaps跳几下跳几下leap to ones feet突然站起突然站起Look before you leap.(谚谚)三思而行。三思而行。第7页词语辨析词语辨析leap/jump,bounce,hop第8页2joint adj.共同；联合共同；联合nC关节；接头关节；接头By their joint effort they man
4、aged to complete the project on time.他他们经过共同努力按共同努力按时完成了完成了计划。划。He worked in a joint venture.他在一家合他在一家合资企企业工作。工作。My knee joints have been aching for a week.我膝关我膝关节疼了一个星期了。疼了一个星期了。第9页知识拓展知识拓展out of joint脱臼；出了问题，处于混乱状态脱臼；出了问题，处于混乱状态join v连接，结合，联合连接，结合，联合第10页图解图解第11页3launch v发射发射They have launched a ma
5、nmade satellite successfully.他他们成功地成功地发射了一射了一颗人造人造卫星。星。We launched a rocket into space.我我们发射了一枚火箭到太空。射了一枚火箭到太空。尤其提醒尤其提醒发射射东西西比比较大大时用用launch，如如misile(导弹)；“投投篮”和和“射箭射箭”用用shoot，不用，不用throw,cast。第12页4permanent adj.永恒；固定永恒；固定Nature is permanent.自然是永恒。自然是永恒。This is my permanent address.这是我固定地址。是我固定地址。第13页知
6、识拓展知识拓展temporary adj.暂时，暂时；短期，短暂暂时，暂时；短期，短暂I refer specifically to permanent residents,in contradiction to temporary visitors.我是专指永久居民而言，以区分暂时访客。我是专指永久居民而言，以区分暂时访客。第14页5establish v建立，设置，创办；确立，确定建立，设置，创办；确立，确定The college was established in 1940.该学院学院设置于置于1940年。年。He has established the theory.他已确立了那他已
7、确立了那项学学说。第15页知识拓展知识拓展establishment nU建立，确定，确立建立，确定，确立6decade nC十年十年Prices have risen steadily during the past decade.在在过去十年里，物价一直在上去十年里，物价一直在上涨。第16页第17页7historic adj.历史性，有重大历史意义历史性，有重大历史意义The historic battle changed the fate of two nations.这一一历史性史性战役改役改变了两个民族命运。了两个民族命运。This is a historic occasion.这是
8、含有是含有历史意史意义时刻。刻。第18页词语辨析词语辨析historic,historicalhistoric有有历史史意意义，历史史性性(famous or important in history)historical历 史史，历 史史 上上(concerning or existing in history)a historic event有有历史意史意义事件，事件，历史性事件史性事件a historical event 历史上事件史上事件第19页8tune v收收看看(电电视视)；收收听听(广广播播)nC曲曲调调，曲曲子子Stay tuned to this station for t
9、he latest news.请继续收听本台最新消息。收听本台最新消息。He played a tune on the violin.他用小提琴演奏了一曲。他用小提琴演奏了一曲。第20页知识拓展知识拓展in tune(with)(与与)协调，协调，(与与)一致一致out of tune(with)(与与)不协调，不协调，(与与)不一致不一致tune in(to)收看，收听收看，收听第21页9human being人人The AIDS virus is spreading quickly among human beings.艾滋病病毒正快速在人艾滋病病毒正快速在人类之之间传输。Human be
10、ings can talk,while animals cant.人能人能讲话，而，而动物不能。物不能。第22页词语辨析词语辨析human being,man,mankindhuman being为可可数数名名词，指指人人时较详细，以以区区分分于于动物、鬼神之物、鬼神之类。man“人人类”，前前不不加加限限定定词，单数数形形式式为泛泛指指。其其指指示代示代词是是he,his,him。mankind“人人类”，无无冠冠词，为不不可可数数名名词，含含义广广泛泛。以代以代词it代替。代替。第23页10accustomed adj.经常；惯常经常；惯常She spoke with her accust
11、omed modesty.她以她她以她惯有有谦虚虚态度度讲了了话。第24页知识拓展知识拓展惯用词组：惯用词组：1)be(get,become,grow)accustomed to.“习习惯惯于于”，其其后后接接名名词词、代代词词、动动名名词词时时表表示示“习习惯惯于于某某事事物物”；当其后接不定式时表示当其后接不定式时表示“经常，惯常做某事经常，惯常做某事”。Im not accustomed to getting up so early to do morning exercise.我不习惯于这么早起床进行晨练。我不习惯于这么早起床进行晨练。She belongs to that class
12、 of people who are accustomed to having their own way.她属于经常为所欲为那一类人。她属于经常为所欲为那一类人。第25页2)accustom oneself to 使使自自己己习惯于于；养养成成习惯You must accustom yourself to getting up early.你必你必须使自己使自己习惯于早起。于早起。第26页即学即用即学即用(1)She was a person_eight hours sleep a night.Aused to haveBbe used to havingCaccustomed to hav
13、eDaccustomed to having答答案案：Daccustomed to having为为形形容容词词短短语语作作定定语语修饰修饰person。第27页(2)Not _ to the cold weather there,he had to come back home earlier.AaccustomingBaccustomedCbeing accustoming Dto accustom答答案案：B考考查非非谓语动词。句句意意为：因因为不不适适应那那里里严寒寒天天气气，他他不不得得不不早早早早回回家家。依依据据题干干结构构，此此处需需用用短短语作作状状语，因因accustom为
14、及及物物动词，所所以以A项后后应带宾语，不不然然需需用用被被动结构构。C项显著著不不对，D项表表目目标，与与题意意不不符符。题中中Not accustomed to the cold weather there相相当当于于原原因因状状语从从句句Because he was not accustomed to the cold weather there。第28页11witness v.当场看到，目击当场看到，目击Police have appealed for anyone who witnessed the incident to contact them.警察哀求目警察哀求目击证人与他人与
15、他们联络。知识拓展知识拓展1)witness v.还有有“是是发生生地地点点(时间、组织等等)；见证”意思。意思。Recent years have witnessed the great changes of our society.近几年近几年见证了我了我们社会巨大改社会巨大改变。第29页2)witness n.目目击者；者；证人人惯用短用短语：be witness to sb.目目击，看，看见了了(某事某事发生生)bear/give witness to sth.为某事作某事作证He has been witness to a terrible murder.他目他目击了一了一场可怕可怕
16、杀人案。人案。She will bear witness to his honesty.她将她将为他老他老实作作证。第30页即学即用即学即用完成句子完成句子Many people_(目击，看到目击，看到)the accident.答案：答案：witnessed第31页12worth adj.值得值得；有；有价值价值The computer is worth the price.这台台计算机算机值那些那些钱。第32页知识拓展知识拓展be worth doing“值值得得做做”，动动名名词词主主动动形形式式表表示示被被动动含义。含义。The novel is well worth reading.
17、这本小说很值得一读。这本小说很值得一读。第33页词语辨析词语辨析worth与与worthy1)worthy adj.“有有价价值；值得得”，能能作作定定语，但但worth不不能。能。2)worthy作作表表语时与与of搭搭配配，后后接接名名词或或动名名词，也也可可接接动词不不定定式式。但但动词不不定定式式与与动名名词普普通通用用其其被被动形形式；式；worth后能后能够接名接名词或或动名名词，动名名词用主用主动形式。形式。第34页All these matters are worthy of attention.全部全部这些事情都些事情都值得注意。得注意。The plan is worthy
18、to be discussed.这个个计划划值得深入得深入讨论。The play is worthy of being watched.这个个戏剧值得一看。得一看。第35页即学即用即学即用Its an idea that is_.Aworth consideringBworth being consideredCworth of consideringDworth to consider答答案案：A worth considering“值值得得被被考考虑虑”；be worth doing是主动形式表被动含义。是主动形式表被动含义。第36页第37页1heart in ones mouth 胆战心
19、惊；提心吊胆胆战心惊；提心吊胆their hearts in their mouths 在在这儿儿是是独独立立主主格格结构构作作伴伴随随状状语，也也可可用用with their hearts in their mouths或或ones heart in ones mouth来代替。来代替。My heart in my mouth,I went into the dark house.我提心吊胆地走我提心吊胆地走进了那所漆黑房子。了那所漆黑房子。第38页2be aware of“意识到；觉察到意识到；觉察到”；常作表语或状语。；常作表语或状语。She ran away as soon as sh
20、e was aware of the danger.她一她一觉察到有危察到有危险就跑掉了。就跑掉了。第39页即学即用即学即用Last night I was busy doing my homework and not_of the time.Aaware BcarefulCafraid Dknown答案：答案：Abe aware of“意识到意识到”第40页3take risks(a risk)冒危险冒危险run risks(a risk)She doesnt like to take risks.她不喜她不喜欢冒冒风险。知识拓展知识拓展1)run/take the risk of doin
21、g 冒冒危危险I dont want to run/take the risk of losing my friend.我不想莽撞去朋友危我不想莽撞去朋友危险。2)risk vt.risk名名词/doing冒着冒着危危险I will risk the punishment/being punished.我明知会受我明知会受处罚也要做。也要做。第41页即学即用即学即用It would be _ a risk to let the child go to school by himself,which no one shows any doubt about.Afollowing Bpassing
22、Crunning Dcarrying答答案案：C考考查查固固定定词词组组使使用用方方法法。run/take a risk“冒风险冒风险”。第42页4take off 起飞；脱掉；成名起飞；脱掉；成名The plane took off very smoothly.飞机很平机很平稳地起地起飞了。了。知识拓展知识拓展take组成成惯用用词组：1)take away 拿走拿走2)take down 拿下；拿下；记下下3)take food/medicine 吃食物吃食物/药第43页4)take up 从事从事(职业)；开始学；开始学习；占去；占去(时间/空空间)After he retired fr
23、om work,my father took up gardening.我父我父亲退休后开始从事园退休后开始从事园艺。5)take on展展现；雇佣；雇佣；负担担(工作、工作、责任等任等)6)take place 发生生7)take ones placetake the place of 代替代替8)take care of 照料；照管照料；照管9)take a train/bus乘火乘火车/公共汽公共汽车第44页10)take for认为；误认为He took John for Jack.他把他把约翰翰误认为杰克。杰克。11)take out拿出；取出拿出；取出12)take sth.for
24、 granted 认为某事理所当然某事理所当然第45页即学即用即学即用Generally speaking，_according to the directions,the drug has no side effect.Awhen taking Bwhen takenCwhen to take Dwhen to be taken答案：答案：B第46页第47页1By the time the Challenger took off in 1986,the world seemed to have lost its fear and wonder at the amazing achieveme
25、nt of people going up into space.到到1986年年“挑挑战战者者”号号起起飞飞之之前前，人人们们似似乎乎已已经经沉沉醉醉于于人类走进太空这一巨大成就而忘记了恐惧，也失去了好奇。人类走进太空这一巨大成就而忘记了恐惧，也失去了好奇。seem to have done 似乎已做似乎已做seem to be doing 似乎正在做似乎正在做seem to do 似乎要做似乎要做第48页She seems to have won the first place.她好像得了第一名。她好像得了第一名。They seem to be talking about somethin
26、g.他他们好像在好像在谈论什么。什么。I seem to know him.我好像我好像认识他。他。第49页即学即用即学即用完成句子完成句子She seems to_(已看过那本书了已看过那本书了)答案：答案：have read the book第50页2The world was in shockmaybe they assumed this space flight would be no more dangerous than getting on an aeroplane.全全世世界界都都震震惊惊了了可可能能他他们们原原本本都都认认为为这这次次太太空空飞飞行跟乘坐飞机一样没什么危险。行
27、跟乘坐飞机一样没什么危险。1)assume v.假假设；假定；假定；认为He is assuming that the misunderstanding will be cleared up.他他认为误会将会消除。会将会消除。第51页知识拓展知识拓展1)(1)assume v.负担；担任担；担任This time I made the mistake and will assume responsibility for it.这次我犯了次我犯了错误，我将，我将为此此负担担责任。任。(2)assumption n.假定；假假定；假设；负担担My assumption that he had pa
28、ssed the examination was wrong.我原来我原来认为他已他已经过了考了考试，结果我果我错了。了。第52页(3)on the assumption that.在在假定之下假定之下We are working on_the_assumption_that(assuming/suppose/supposing/provided that.)we can carry out the plan in a week.我我们在一星期内能在一星期内能够完成完成计划假定之下工作着。划假定之下工作着。2)no more.than.not.any more than.与与一一样不不He i
29、s no more a good player than I am.他和我一他和我一样都不是好球都不是好球员。I am no more satisfied than she is.我和她一我和她一样不不满意。意。第53页知识拓展知识拓展2)no more than 仅仅(表表数数量量程程度度之之少少)；只只不不过She ate no more than a slice of toast for breakfast.她早餐她早餐仅吃了一片吐司。吃了一片吐司。The theatre was no more than a painted barn.那那戏院只不院只不过是个漆了油漆是个漆了油漆库房而已
30、。房而已。第54页即学即用即学即用What a pity!This film is_the one we saw last weekend.Aas good as Bno good asCno better than Dno worse than答案：答案：C第55页3We didnt have much patience waiting for the launch.我们没有很大耐心来观看这次发射。我们没有很大耐心来观看这次发射。have patience(in)doing sth.有耐心地做某事有耐心地做某事I have much patience looking after the ch
31、ildren.我在照看孩子方面很有耐心。我在照看孩子方面很有耐心。第56页知识拓展知识拓展out of/with patience(不不)耐心耐心/烦地烦地have difficulty(in)doing sth.做某事有困难做某事有困难have trouble(in)doing sth.做某事有麻烦做某事有麻烦have fun(in)doing sth.做某事很高兴做某事很高兴He had no difficulty in finding her house.他没费劲就找到了她家。他没费劲就找到了她家。第57页即学即用即学即用Ill look into the matter as soon
32、as possible,just have a little_.Await BtimeCpatience Drest答案：答案：C第58页4In spite of all our advanced technology,the world is still only at the very beginning of its voyage into space.即即使使我我们们掌掌握握了了现现在在全全部部先先进进技技术术，我我们们这这个个世世界界依依然只是处于太空旅行起步阶段。然只是处于太空旅行起步阶段。in spite of“尽尽管管”；与与despite同同义，常常可可交交换，后后面面都都可
33、可接接名名词短短语或或由由what引引出出名名词性性从从句句，区区分分在在于于despite不与不与of连用。用。Despite/In spite of what his parents said to him,he made the same mistake.尽管他父母告尽管他父母告诉过他，他他，他还是犯了一是犯了一样错误。第59页知识拓展知识拓展in spite of oneself 不由自主地不由自主地He fell asleep,in spite of himself.他不由自主地睡着了。他不由自主地睡着了。第60页即学即用即学即用_great efforts we failed to
34、 carry our plans through.AIn spite of BThoughCAlthough DConsidering答案：答案：A第61页5It is the biggest space disaster so far,and slows down the American space programme.这这是是迄迄今今为为止止最最大大一一次次太太空空灾灾难难，且且减减缓缓了了美美国国太太空空进程。进程。1)so far“迄迄今今为止止；到到这个个地地步步(这种种程程度度)”；普普通通用用作作时间状状语或程度状或程度状语。He has written three books
35、 so far.到当前到当前为止，他已写了止，他已写了3本本书。第62页I can only help him so far.我能帮他我能帮他仅止于此。止于此。2)slow down 慢下来；减速慢下来；减速Slow down before you reach the crossroads.车开到十字路口开到十字路口时，要减速。，要减速。第63页知识拓展知识拓展slow adj.慢；慢；adv.慢地慢地My watch is five minutes slow.我表慢了我表慢了5分钟。分钟。How slow the time passes!时间过得多么慢啊！时间过得多么慢啊！第64页即学即用即
36、学即用完成句子完成句子When you drive to a crossing youd better_(减减速速)答案：答案：slow down第65页第66页名词性从句名词性从句(1)名名词性性从从句句就就是是相相当当于于名名词句句子子在在句句子子中中作作从从句句，充充当当主主语、宾语、表表语和和同同位位语，因因而而可可把把名名词性性从从句句分分为主主语从句、从句、宾语从句、表从句、表语从句和同位从句和同位语从句。从句。一、主语从句一、主语从句1引引导主主语从句关从句关联词有三有三类(1)隶隶属属连词that(不不充充当当句句子子成成份份，仅起起引引导作作用用，通通惯用用it作形式主作形式
37、主语)That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them.很很显著著，她她们确确实是是亲姐姐妹，她妹，她们脸型很相同。型很相同。第67页(2)隶属隶属连词whetherWhether hell come here isnt clear.他是否会来他是否会来这里里还不清楚。不清楚。(3)连接接代代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever；连接接副副词where，when，how，whyWhat she did is n
38、ot yet known.她做了什么尚不清楚。她做了什么尚不清楚。How this happened is not clear to anyone.这事怎事怎样发生，生，谁也不清楚。也不清楚。第68页2主主语从句能用从句能用it作形式主作形式主语。常以常以it作形式主作形式主语句型有：句型有：(1)It be 形形 容容 词(obvious，true，natural，surprising，good，wonderful，funny，possible，likely，certain，probable,etc.)that从句。从句。It is certain that she will do well
39、 in her exam.毫无疑毫无疑问她考她考试成成绩会很好。会很好。It is probable that he told her everything.很可能他把一切都告很可能他把一切都告诉了她。了她。第69页(2)Itbe名名词词组(no wonder，an honour，a good thing，a pity，no surprise，etc.)that从句。从句。Its a pity that we cant go.很很遗憾我憾我们不能去。不能去。Its no surprise that our team should have won the game.我我们赢这场比比赛并不意外。
40、并不意外。第70页(3)It be 过 去去 分分 词(said，reported，thought，expected，decided，announced，arranged，etc.)that从从句。句。It is said that Mr Green has arrived in Beijing.听听说格林先生已格林先生已经到北京了。到北京了。It is reported that China has sent Shenzhou spaceship into space.据据报道中国成功地道中国成功地发射了神舟射了神舟6号太空号太空飞船。船。第71页(4)Itseems/happens等不及物
41、等不及物动词及短及短语that从句。从句。It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.艾艾丽斯似乎不来参加晚会。斯似乎不来参加晚会。It happened that I was out that day.恰巧我那天外出了。恰巧我那天外出了。第72页(5)It doesnt matter(makes no difference，etc.)连接接代代词或或连接副接副词引引发主主语从句。从句。It doesnt matter whether she will come or not.她是否来无关她是否来无关紧要。要。It makes n
42、o difference where we shall have the meeting.我我们在哪里开会毫无区分。在哪里开会毫无区分。第73页(6)当当that引引导主主语从从句句出出现在在疑疑问句句中中，要要以以it作作形形式式主主语，而把主，而把主语从句后置。从句后置。Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week?下周那位科学家将下周那位科学家将给我我们作作汇报是真是真吗？Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow?他他们明天不来要明天不来要紧吗？
43、第74页(7)当当主主语从从句句出出现在在感感叹句句中中时，要要以以it作作形形式式主主语而把主而把主语从句后置。从句后置。How strange it is that the children are so quiet!孩子孩子们这么平静真奇怪！么平静真奇怪！第75页3注注意意连接接代代词whoever，whatever，whichever等等引引导主主语从句含从句含义。Whoever(the person who)comes will be welcome.来任何人都将受到来任何人都将受到欢迎。迎。Whatever(the thing that)he did was right.他所做事情
44、是正确。他所做事情是正确。Whichever of you(Anyone of you who)comes in will receive a prize.你你们当中不当中不论哪个哪个进来都将会得到来都将会得到奖励。励。第76页4由由what，whatever，whoever等等引引导主主语从从句句，必必须置于置于谓语动词之前，不能用之前，不能用it作形式主作形式主语。Whatever was said here must be kept secret.在在这儿所儿所说话必必须保密。保密。Whoever breaks the law should be punished.任何任何违反法律人都反
45、法律人都应该受到受到处罚。第77页二、宾语从句二、宾语从句1引导宾语从句关联词有三类：引导宾语从句关联词有三类：(1)隶属连词隶属连词that(在宾语从句中常能够省略在宾语从句中常能够省略)He told us that he felt ill.他对我们说他感到不舒适。他对我们说他感到不舒适。但在以下情况下但在以下情况下that不能省略：不能省略：Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.大家都会看出所发生事并知道汤姆非常害怕。大家都会看出所发生事并知道汤姆非常害怕。(and连连接接两两个个宾宾语语从从句句，th
46、at宾宾语语从从句句放放在在and后后面面时时，that不能省略。不能省略。)第78页I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。(that引引导宾语从句作介从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。不能省略。)That he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe.我我简直不相信他曾直不相信他曾说过这么么话。(that从句位于句首从句位于句首时，that不可省略。不可省略。)第79页We decided，in v
47、iew of his special circumstances，that we would admit him for a probationary period.鉴于他特殊情况，我于他特殊情况，我们决定决定应允他一段允他一段试用期。用期。(主主句句谓语动词与与that从从句句之之间有有插插入入语，that不不可可省省略。略。)(2)隶属隶属连词if/whetherI doubt whether he will succeed.我我怀疑他是否会成功。疑他是否会成功。I dont know if you can help me.我不知道你能否帮助我。我不知道你能否帮助我。第80页(3)连接接代
48、代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever；连接接副副词where，when，how，whyWho or what he was，Martin never learned.他是什么人？他是干什么？他是什么人？他是干什么？马丁根本不知道。丁根本不知道。I wonder what hes writing to me about.我不知道他要我不知道他要给我写信我写信说什么。什么。Ill tell you why I asked you to come.我会告我会告诉你我你我为何要你来。何要你来。第81页2介介词宾语从句从句宾语从句也
49、可用作介从句也可用作介词宾语He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.他他对那天那天发生事感到很不快。生事感到很不快。Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it.你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。做。有有时介介词能能够省略省略I dont care(for)who marries him.我不介意我不介意谁跟他跟他结婚。婚。第82页3作作介介词宾语：连词that引引导名名词性性从从句句极极少少作作
50、介介词宾语，只只用用在在except，but，in后后，其其它它一一些些介介词宾语从从句句假如由假如由连词that引引导则需用需用it先行一步作形式先行一步作形式宾语。He is a good student except that he is careless.他是一个好学生，只是有点粗心。他是一个好学生，只是有点粗心。You may rely on it that I shall help you.你能你能够指望我会帮助你。指望我会帮助你。第83页4假假如如宾语从从句句后后还有有宾语补足足语，则用用it作作形形式式宾语，而将，而将宾语从句后置。从句后置。We thought it stra
