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项武义·基础数学3-基础几何学之二:向量几何,解析几何与球面几何-项武义-香港科技大学数学系.pdf

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资源描述

1、a0 a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7a8 a0 a1 a9 a10 a3 a6 a11 a12a13a15a14 a16a18a17 a19a21a20a23a22 a16a18a17 a24a26a25 a27a28a16a18a17a29 a30a5a31 a32 a33 a34 a3 a2 a3 a35a36 a37a38 a39a41a40a43a42a45a44a47a46a48a39a41a40a50a49a52a51 a53a55a54a56a58a57a60a59a62a61a52a63 a39a41a40a47a64a41a65a52a66a50a67a69a68

2、a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a71a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a69a72a73a56a56a58a57a75a74a76a61a52a63 a39a41a40a47a64a78a77a50a79a81a80 a57a70a57a71a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a71a57a70a57a70a57a70a

3、57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a69a72a73a82a56a58a57a75a74a58a57a60a59 a83a78a84a86a85a43a87a45a88a90a89a81a91 a46 a61a52a63 a39a41a40a47a64a93a92a50a94 a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a69a72a95a72a56a58a57a75a74a58a57a75a74 a96a98a97a69a89a81a91 a46 a61a99a63 a

4、39a41a40a47a64a101a100a102a94 a57a70a57a70a57a71a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a69a103a95a104a56a58a57a75a74a58a57a105 a106 a94a86a64 a96a102a97a90a89a81a91 a46 a61a52a63 a39a41a40a47a64a108a107a110a109a111a94 a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a69a103

5、a73a56a56a58a57a105 a112a45a113 a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a71a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a71a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a114a59a115a104a95a105a56a58a57a116 a117a50a118a120a119a122a121a123a118 a46a86a

6、124a21a125 a118 a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a71a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a114a59a115a104a73a56a126a76a127a129a128a47a130a132a131a48a42a45a44a134a133a136a135 a137a55a137a55a137a138a139a57a60a59a76a140a43a141 a127a129a128a143a142a

7、144a46a69a145 a106a147a146a149a148a69a150a52a151a153a152 a64a99a127a129a128a99a154 a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a114a59a95a59a155a74a138a139a57a75a74 a156a78a157 a46a143a158a160a159a161a145 a106 a46a99a162 a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70

8、a57a71a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a114a59a95a59a115a138a138a139a57a105 a158a41a64a81a163a99a164a78a165a50a166a147a167a169a168a78a170a48a158a99a142a144a46a43a168a21a171a47a172a78a170a173a158a52a142 a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a114a59a155

9、a74a174a105a175a176a162 a106 a42a45a44a47a46a52a162 a106a21a85a47a87a50a177 a137a58a178a179a137a82a58a57a60a59 a180a41a61 a162 a106 a64a41a65a52a66a50a67a69a68 a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a71a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a114a59a115

10、a105a139a59a82a58a57a75a74 a162 a106a21a85a43a87a78a177a62a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a71a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a71a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a114a59a115a105a95a103a181 a158a144a182a43a183 a157 a64a132a184a90a185 a137a5

11、8a54a55a186a72a139a57a60a59 a158a102a187a69a183 a157 a46a143a158a98a182a43a183 a157 a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a71a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a114a59a155a56a174a103a72a139a57a75a74 a158a98a182a43a183 a157 a64a50a188 a177 a67a69a6

12、8 a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a71a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a114a59a115a138a73a74a72a139a57a105 a158a98a182a43a183 a157 a46a99a189a47a190a86a191 a157 a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a71a57a70a57a70a

13、57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a114a59a115a138a174a116a72a139a57a116 a127a45a128a134a192a194a193a99a46a90a195a101a192a136a40 a57a70a57a71a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a71a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a114a59a115a138

14、a73a56a72a139a57a75a56 a38a153a196 a89a50a197a62a198 a189a47a190a86a191 a157a86a199 a46a90a126a69a196a41a168a93a200 a197a28a198 a189a43a190a90a191 a157a101a199 a64a69a201a136a202 a59a155a82a58a59a72a139a57a138a76a203a110a204a174a205a207a206a208a204a174a209a149a89a81a91 a46 a203a110a204a174a210a111a2

15、10a111a211a111a205a212a89a132a91 a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a71a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a70a57a114a59a155a82a95a74a213a214a213a214a213a215a139a216a75a217a28a218a220a219a222a221a111a223a214a219a222a224a220a225a47a226a99a227a52a228a41a229a62a216a70a216

16、a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a71a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a71a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a114a230a155a217a174a231a215a139a216a215 a232a233a218a220a219a222a221a111a223a214a219a222a224a161a228a41a229a90a234a50a235a50a236a52a237a21a238a10

17、1a239a81a240a50a228a132a229a241a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a71a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a114a230a115a215a139a230a215a139a216a231 a242a144a243a43a244a47a245a41a246a50a247a15a248a169a249a86a250a93a249a69a245 a216a70a216a70a216a71a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70

18、a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a71a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a70a216a114a230a115a215a95a231a251a60a252a253 a254 a255a0 a1 a2 a3 a4 a0 a1 a5 a6a7 a7 a8 a9 a10 a11 a12 a13 a14a5 a6 a15a16a18a17a20a19a22a21a24a23a26a25a28a27a30a29a32a31a34a33a28a35a37a36a39a38a41a40a43a42a45a44a25a46a29a48a47a24a

19、49a28a50a52a51a54a53a55a25a57a56a58a29a60a59a20a61a63a62a39a64a20a65a31a22a59a52a66a52a67a69a68a41a70a28a19a71a31a34a72a39a73a75a74a77a76a79a78a81a80a82a80a77a83a85a84a86a83a85a87a79a88a85a83a90a89a91a83a93a92a95a94a96a83a85a83a85a87a97a92a99a98a79a83a90a100a102a101a103a88a105a104a106a92a99a78a102a1

20、01a45a87a79a107a108a101a109a80a110a25a37a104a109a87a79a76a111a29a113a112a46a31a34a114a115a22a116a20a117a54a118a43a119a121a120 a67a22a122a18a35a71a123a124a74a77a76a79a78a102a107a86a125a79a100a126a104a109a88a85a83a85a127a128a83a85a87a129a92a131a130a45a83a85a88a93a92a99a101a45a84a132a112a113a133a134a53

21、a71a135a69a136a24a137a139a138a140a67a48a68a24a72a141a73a143a142a144a146a145a37a147 a123 a116 a62 a147a149a148 a31a34a150a141a49a28a151a153a152a28a123a155a154a97a156a20a31a37a49a54a157a18a158a63a159a69a53a160a42a129a44a25a46a29a60a31a134a161a69a35a52a162a48a163a71a164a154a90a165a146a166a168a167a20a16

22、9a124a170a172a171a153a59a153a66a24a33a28a35a24a36a39a38a52a40a173a42a45a44a25a46a29a28a162 a42a129a42a106a44a25a175a174a176a29a177a174a179a178a181a180a34a35a34a182a37a183 a120a71a184a22a185 a163a20a186a75a170a59a52a187a141a62a141a188a141a189a54a31a71a67a149a122a18a35a34a123 a147a54a148 a178a24a190 a

23、185 a154a192a191a34a193a141a161a54a194a195a170a111a17a22a19a149a21a34a31a22a182a37a122a197a196a198a165a22a199a17a22a19a54a21a201a200a69a193a22a66a143a61a52a202a197a180a24a35 a185a134a203 a31a34a122a54a204a160a170a111a23a71a205a149a206a54a207a52a67a149a122a18a35a34a123a20a49a69a157a20a208a134a51a28a5

24、3a134a182a122a143a31a28a191a34a193a39a137a141a188a141a189a209a154a211a210a34a70a124a170a46a67a141a122a18a35a34a123a39a162a143a182a37a122a143a53a48a180a52a193a69a212a34a213a28a31a69a59a153a137a149a214a48a61a215a170a57a216a187a141a217a28a218a20a219a134a47a20a62a141a188a149a189a54a31a71a67a181a68a34a12

25、2a54a204a160a170 a120a153a220 a187a28a133a24a217a69a218a20a219a28a156a20a53a69a17a22a19a37a193a39a137a22a221a134a222a143a31a223 a163a69a196a224a165a124a154a225a111a226a228a227 a229 a230 a231a43a232 a233a124a234 a235 a236 a237a238a147a22a148a181a239a241a240a243a242 a17a20a19a141a21a71a31a24a193a134a6

26、6a48a196a224a165a155a244a246a245a24a247a143a248a41a249a42a105a42a58a42a250a42a251a44a252a244a253a74a252a112a108a162 a42a254a42a58a42a58a42a93a44a255a244a253a74a255a112a1a0a22a178a181a180a34a35a37a182a34a183 a120a34a184a22a185 a163a133a3a2a195a244a168a178a69a17a134a19a37a31a24a193a134a66a22a182a71a12

27、2a173a74a82a92a99a84a99a104a109a87a79a107a86a100a126a104a106a92a99a78a102a101a45a87a250a112a175a154a238a147a5a4a7a6a9a8a11a10a179a239a241a240a13a12 a25a57a56a91a29 a178a28a17a134a19a141a21a15a14a17a16a143a59a134a61 a170 a133a3a18a39a16a28a193a134a66a20a19a141a193a149a31a20a182a34a122a155a244a21a23a2

28、2 a244a253a74a77a25 a112a25a24a37a29a27a26a29a28a31a30a141a135 a145 a244a253a74a77a25a33a32a132a29a113a112a90a65a134a70a35a34a32a154a36a6a37a39a38 a40a42a41a44a43a5a45a47a46a13a48a47a49a51a50a47a52a53a46a13a48a20a54a56a55a57a59a58 a60a62a61a51a57a56a63a5a64a47a65a66a60a67a69a68a31a70a31a71a59a72a74a

29、73a31a75a56a76a53a77a79a78a59a80a31a81a5a82a84a83a86a85a7a87a67a88a68a90a89a70a47a71a91a72a62a92a66a93a62a94a96a95a97a93a99a98a101a100a17a102a104a103a52a53a105a56a106a3a107a68a108a71a110a109a84a111a113a112a114a68a52a44a115a117a116a118a115a103a68a108a71a91a119a121a120a31a122a124a123a125a119a5a126a47a

30、127a128a72a129a73a131a130a101a132a134a133a136a135a25a130a101a132a138a137a108a139a23a140a31a141a23a142a20a143a5a144a104a119a5a145a13a146a17a80a3a81a31a82a17a83a147a85a148a87a149a3a57a104a150a47a151a3a65 a60a152a66a153 a103a17a154a47a155a104a120a157a156a84a158 a151 a122a159a72a161a160a51a103a20a162a47

31、a163a113a82a56a164a165a119a56a126a31a166a167a72a101a168a169a160a171a170a172a73a56a103 a151 a140a20a173a68a121a174a113a142a56a175a159a71a110a119a20a126a3a166a1a72a62a176a3a177a104a82a47a178 a57a53a58 a85a121a103a179a160 a170a181a180a153a33a182 a70a86a160 a180a153a33a182 a87a184a183a147a82 a152a167a18

32、5a186a185a187a185a187a185a189a188a153 a160 a170a190a180a153a33a182 a95a185a191a185a187a185a187a185a192a188a153 a160 a180a153a33a182a194a193a52 a185a39a188a68a108a71a131a195a46a126a3a196a84a168a3a197a47a76a104a198a159a87a200a199a147a81a23a201 a153 a122a52 a185a202a188a68a108a71a110a126a3a196a17a119a1

33、05a23a106a103a150a56a151a5a63a5a64 a119a69a72a108a82a59a203a27a160a171a170a180a153a33a182 a70a13a160 a180a153a33a182 a87a184a183a13a112 a153 a103a86a156a121a158a104a119a69a72a108a82a59a203a27a160a171a170a52a160a157a103a165a195a151 a140a59a77a79a78a1a87 a204a205a207a206a31a208a114a209a9a210a212a211a2

34、5a213 a60a152 a160a214a94a215a95a187a160a216a98a101a103a121a154a56a155a31a119a121a217a3a140a56a126a3a166a218a72a74a73a128a160a216a98a118a135a172a160a214a94a62a219a121a103 a151 a140a56a126a31a166a88a72a168a13a197a169a160a216a98a29a135a194a160a214a94a220a70a86a160a214a94a97a135a194a160a216a98a221a87a5

35、7a59a58 a60a222a64a23a223 a176a147a177a5a173a47a224a13a225a113a226a228a227a228a229a20a230a231a68a99a170a134a70a86a160a214a94 a180a68 a182 a95a202a68a99a170a170a134a70a13a160a216a98 a180a68a99a170a182 a70a13a160a216a98a232a135a233a160a214a94 a180a68 a182 a87a183a228a82 a152 a72a108a143a47a112a17a154a

36、113a155a157a156a104a158a165a217a23a122a131a68a33a95a187a71a124a75a23a234a185a235a185a190a188a68a236a68 a170a52a185a96a185a237a188a71a74a71 a170a239a238 a185a138a185a171a188a68 a170a68 a170a170a52a185a240a185a138a185a190a188a71 a170a71 a170a170a241 a102a84a195a46a126a13a196a121a168a86a197a113a76a56a1

37、98a159a72a74a168a86a176a13a177a56a82a56a178 a57a165a58 a85a104a73a20a103 a185a242a185a215a188a68a236a68a99a170a170a52 a185a202a185a186a188a71a74a71a129a170a170a243a219a47a244a5a245a84a195a46a126a31a196a84a168a13a197a47a76a47a198a159a87a33a246 a57a59a58a147a247a121a248a88a60a68a99a170a170a68a108a249a

38、68a68a99a170a71a129a170a170a71a71a129a170a250a207a251a209a242a252a233a253a62a254a247 a250a235a251 a209a242a252a233a253a216a254 a82a17a255a148a72a1a0a3a2a185a39a188a68a108a71 a95 a185a202a185 a188a68a99a170a71a129a170a52 a185a96a185a187a185a237a188a68a99a170a170a71a129a170a170a243a87 a183a3a126a121a1

39、27a49a51a50a120a5a4a7a6a121a119a113a126a196a3a8a10a9a7a11a13a12a7a14 a65a3a15a17a16a19a18 a72a68a108a71a74a71 a170a68 a170a52a68 a170a71 a170a71 a170a170a68 a170a170a217a228a85 a193 a103a20a126a31a196a3a8a10a9a7a11a1a72a108a82a53a203a185a39a188a68a108a71a52a185a39a185 a188a68 a170a71 a170a239a238 a1

40、85a202a185a214a188a68 a170a71 a170a52a185a96a185a187a185a237a188a68 a170a170a71 a170a170a20a7a21a49a51a50a23a22a25a24a27a26a28a30a29a32a31a30a29a5a33a13a34a36a35a25a37a19a38a7a39a27a40a10a41 a42a44a43a45a47a46a49a48a35a25a50a25a51a49a52a5a53a13a54a17a55a57a56a59a58a61a60a63a62a64a66a65a3a67a68a60a69

41、a60a70a60a71a62a64a73a72 a72a74a65a75a72 a72a77a76a46a49a48a35a25a50a25a51a3a52a5a53a13a54a17a55a78a38a79a56a81a80a82 a64a66a65a83a65a75a72 a72a32a64a73a72 a72a85a84 a46a7a86a27a87a50a10a51a3a88a10a89a78a90a92a91a1a93a36a94a96a95a7a97a23a98a100a99 a60a101a60a102a62a64a103a64a73a72 a72a77a67 a60a44a6

42、0a104a62a65a83a65a75a72 a72a85a76a46a48a35a105a50a10a51a47a52a25a53a19a54a19a55a27a38a106a56a108a107a27a58a110a109a112a111a114a113a115a109a117a116 a76a46a78a86a13a87a50a25a34a92a91a118a97 a119a120a109a117a116a121a113a115a109a112a111a115a122a25a109a112a111a123a113a115a109a117a116a124a64a66a125 a122a1

43、26a109a112a111a128a127 a64a1a129 a56a131a130a3a132 a60a112a60a133a62a64a103a64a66a125a131a67 a60a134a60a135a62a64 a72 a64 a72 a72a48a35a3a50a3a51a136a52a137a53a138a54a139a55a92a91a48a10a140a56a64a103a64a73a72a74a64a73a72 a72a32a64 a125 a76a46a78a86a27a87a50a10a51a3a88a105a89a78a90a141a56a83a58a105a1

44、32 a60a142a60a134a60a143a62a64 a125 a64a73a72 a72a144a67 a60a145a60a146a62a64a103a64a73a72a48a35a105a50a105a51a49a52a25a53a17a54a55a147a56a103a93a36a94a109a117a116a121a113a115a109a112a111a117a127 a64a1a129 a122a25a109a117a116a112a127 a64a125 a129a122 a64a72 a72a122a25a109a112a111a114a113a115a109a117

45、a116a112a127 a64a1a129a52 a64a46a3a148a27a149a151a150a137a152a17a86a47a153a56a154a107a7a58a110a109a117a116a121a113a115a109a112a111 a67 a109a112a111a114a113a115a109a117a116a46a25a155a156a48a38a47a157a159a158a160a91 a161a162a164a163a3a165a19a166a10a167a47a168a170a169a119a163a3a165a10a171a137a172a67a47

46、a173a78a174a138a175a3a176 a38a17a50a78a34a100a177a78a178a160a109a117a116a123a113a73a109a112a111a179a122a27a109a112a111a180a113a181a109a117a116a108a182a109a117a116a102a183a121a109a112a111a185a184 a67 a127a187a186a71a188a190a189 a129 a56a179a191a139a192a19a193a167a100a168a109a117a116a120a194a195a109a1

47、12a111a81a196a100a197a7a184a198a91a118a19a199a56a66a200a49a201a47a202a13a203a49a191a138a192a193a13a204a47a205a136a206a49a207a3a208a13a209a49a210 a211a77a183a180a212a180a183a214a213a190a183a120a215a120a183a217a216a3a54a3a196a138a197a7a33a100a34a218a35a13a37a160a91a220a219a13a221a23a222a137a223a167a13

48、8a168a56a109a121a127 a65a225a224a133a226a59a129 a113a164a109a121a127 a64a59a224a133a65a108a129 a122a78a109a121a127 a64a59a224a133a65a108a129 a113a164a109a121a127 a65a225a224a133a226a59a129 a122a78a109a121a127 a64a59a224a133a226a59a129 a95a3a227a47a94a27a207a10a228a229a211a108a194a96a212a151a122a27a2

49、13a220a56a230 a199a60a44a62a64a66a65 a194 a60a190a62a65a83a226 a122 a60a128a62a64a66a226 a91a231a233a232a96a234a119a214a235a17a236a138a237a167a49a168a13a238a56a179a202a78a203a13a239a47a240a19a54a138a157a241a158a100a222a87a7a242a13a243a38a13a50a105a34a92a109a112a244a81a192a13a193a106a245a195a246a10a1

50、96a197a106a56a247a80a96a182a7a248a19a249a150a27a250a50a25a34a229a109a241a56a1a240a27a132a79a109a112a244a114a113a115a109a251a122a25a109a59a113a115a109a112a244a164a122a25a109a159a56a108a52a78a222a87a137a252a19a253a235a13a236a23a237a167a3a168a7a238a58a78a182a245a83a194a151a211a81a122a105a211a59a194a96a

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