1、Unit 1ArtSection B Learning about Language教学设计科目:英语 课题:Learning about Language 课时:1课时教学目标与核心素养:知识目标:掌握动词不定式表语的结构和特点能力目标:能够熟练运用动词不定式作表语情感目标:培养学生学习英语的兴趣教学重难点1. 掌握动词不定式表语的结构和特点2. 能够熟练运用动词不定式作表语课前准备:多媒体,黑板,粉笔教学过程:一、Pre-class1. Greeting2. Leading-in学生活动:小组观察与讨论。学生阅读并观察活动1的四个句子,小组讨论句中不定式的用法,完成填空。1 Perhaps
2、 the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.2 During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity.3 In this work, Monets aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene 4 What they attempted
3、to do was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, What is art?活动目的:让学生讨论阅读篇章中出现的四个句子,理解动词不定式作表语在句中的意义及语用功能。二、 While-class 1. 教师活动:通过板书、幻灯片或课件呈现一些动词不定式作表语的句子,让学生进行分析讨论这些表语的用法,最后教师给予补充解释。Our plan is to make better use of these materials.(说明主语)What I would suggest is to ask your father
4、 for his opinion.(说明主语)The next step is to make sure that you know exactly what is required.(表示目的)He was to die in a shipwreck and to leave his wife and two children.(表结果)动词不定式(短语)作表语相当于名词作表语。它和主语处在同等地位,所指的或是和主语一样的东西,或是主语产生的结果。常常可以将主、表交换位置,句子的意义不变。一、动词不定式(短语)作表语的用法1.主语是以aim,suggestion,duty,hope,idea
5、,intention,plan,purpose,the way to do sth等为中心的名词词组时,或者以what引导的名词性分句表示,一般用动词不定式作表语说明主语的内容。2.表示目的。The next step is to make sure that you know exactly what is required.下一步你要真正弄清楚需要的是什么。3.表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或预言。He was to die in a shipwreck and to leave his wife and two children.后来他在一次船只失事中丧生,留下了妻子和两个孩
6、子。4.用于被动语态,相当于can/could,should,ought to,must,具有情态意义。The regulations are to be observed.规章制度必须遵守。(must) 5.表示同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、愿望、意愿、禁止等。They are to marry next week.他们将在下周结婚。(安排)6.动词不定式(短语)作表语时,可用主动形式表示被动意义。Who is to blame for the fire?谁该对此次火灾负责?二、动词不定式(短语)作表语省略to的情况动词不定式(短语)作表语时,一般情况下不定式符号to不能省略,但在以下几种情
7、况下可省略不定式符号to:1.all作主句主语,其后的定语从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时。例:All we need to do is live each day with hope.我们需要做的就是带着希望过好每一天。2.what引导的从句作主语,从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时。例:What I want to do is take a holiday right away.我想马上就去度假。3.(主句)主语被only,first,one,least或形容词最高级修饰,且其后作定语的从句或短语中含有实义动词do的某种形式时。例:In the evening the only thin
8、g he did was read the newspaper.晚上他唯一做的就是看报纸。三、动词不定式(短语)作表语和v-ing(短语)作表语的区别1.动词不定式(短语)和v-ing(短语)作表语时,要注意与句子的主语在形式上保持一致,即若句子的主语为v-ing(短语),则表语也应使用v-ing(短语),若主语为动词不定式(短语),则表语也应使用动词不定式(短语)。例:To see is to believe.= Seeing is believing.眼见为实。2.动词不定式(短语)和v-ing(短语)作表语时可换用,但以下情况除外:(1)当动词所表达的是某一特定的行为,尤其是将来的行为或
9、有待于实现的行为时,通常用动词不定式(短语)作表语。Her best wish is to put her new ideas into practice.她最大的愿望是将自己的新想法付诸实践。(2)若动词所表达的并不强调动作,而是表示主语的内容,则通常用v-ing(短语)作表语。My favorite sport is swimming.我最喜欢的运动是游泳。活动目的:充分掌握动词不定式作表语的结构和用法。2. 学生活动:完成活动2,两人一组讨论所填内容,然后师生核对答案。核对答案时,学生应读出完整的句子。教师还可要求学生翻译句子。活动目的:通过练习,巩固所学语法,加深对语法的理解。三、Af
10、ter-class学生活动:阅读活动3的问题和答案,在小组内进行对话练习。 1 Whats your biggest dream/ambition in life2 How are you going to make your dream come true?3 How are you going to achieve your goal?4 Do you have any plans?5 What might be difficult for you?6 How are you going to deal with.?My biggest dream/ambition in life is
11、toI think all I have to do isMy plan is toI think one of the hardest things might beI guess the best way to.is活动目的:让学生在理解的基础上运用动词不定式作表语进行对话,培养学生运用动词不定式作表语进行表达的能力。四、Summary 动词不定式(短语)作表语一、动词不定式(短语)作表语的用法1.主语是以aim,suggestion,duty,hope,idea,intention,plan,purpose,the way to do sth等为中心的名词词组时,或者以what引导的名词
12、性分句表示,一般用动词不定式作表语说明主语的内容。2.表示目的。3.表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或预言。4.用于被动语态,相当于can/could,should,ought to,must,具有情态意义。5.表示同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、愿望、意愿、禁止等。6.动词不定式(短语)作表语时,可用主动形式表示被动意义。二、动词不定式(短语)作表语省略to的情况1.all作主句主语,其后的定语从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时。2.what引导的从句作主语,从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时。3.(主句)主语被only,first,one,least或形容词最高级修饰,且其后作定语的从句或短语中含有实义动词do的某种形式时。三、动词不定式(短语)作表语和v-ing(短语)作表语的区别作业布置:复习本课所学知识。