1、 Writing Group of English, Yilin Press and Oxford University Press (China) Limited 2019“Oxford” is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press普通高中教科书英语编写组、译林出版社和牛津大学出版社 （中国） 有限公司 2019Oxford 为牛津大学出版社的注册商标。版权所有。未经版权所有人书面许可，不得在任何地区以任何形式、任何媒介、任何文字翻印、仿制或转载本书的内容、文字或图片。普通高中教科书英语必修 第三册主 编 王守仁 何 锋副 主 编
2、 顾爱彬 范红升编 写 Michelle Kaeser 胡 明 邢文骏 吴 宁 梁 健 杨志平 李 娜 徐静芳责任编辑 丁晓红 梁 健 马绯璠 潘志娟 丁 婧 高睿君装帧设计 译林出版社 韦 枫 胡 苨 黄 晨 牛津大学出版社 （中国） 有限公司 设计部出 版 译林出版社地 址 南京市湖南路 1 号 A 楼邮 箱 购买热线 4009289069教材热线 02583658349, 83672889重 印 江苏凤凰出版传媒股份有限公司发 行 江苏凤凰出版传媒股份有限公司印 刷 江苏凤凰新华印务集团有限公司开 本 890 毫米1240 毫米 1/16印 张 8版 次 2020 年 12 月第 1 版
3、印 次 2021 年 11 月第 3 次印刷标准书号 ISBN 9787544781305定 价 9.74 元版权所有 侵权必究如发现印、 装质量问题， 请与凤凰传媒联系。电话： 4008281132前 言同学们：欢迎使用 普通高中教科书英语 ！本册教材围绕 “人与自然” 和 “人与社会”的主题语境， 依托话题丰富、 文体多样的语篇， 引领你通过一系列英语学习活动， 发展英语学科核心素养。现在， 让我们走进教材， 开启一段有趣的英语学习之旅。 每个单元首页的 Welcome to the unit 板块是你单元学习的起点， 借助歌曲、视频、 图示、 文字等形式多样的语篇激发你的学习兴趣， 帮助
4、你初步了解单元主题，为单元学习做好热身准备。随后， 你将进入一个非常重要的学习环节Reading 板块。在这里， 你将有机会阅读关于热带雨林、 自然灾害、 互联网世界以及科学家与科学精神等话题的语篇， 感受真实、 地道、 优美的英语， 了解自然环境与科技进步。你可以通过一系列多维度、 分层次的阅读活动， 深入探究主题意义， 提升语言能力、文化意识和思维品质。来到 Grammar and usage 板块， 你将在语篇中观察、 探究语法现象， 自主归纳语法规则， 并在新的语境和活动中正确使用语法。接下来， 在 Integrated skills 板块， 你将综合运用听、 说、 读、 看、 写的技
5、能， 完成语言技能融合的活动。随后， 在 Extended reading 板块， 你将进行拓展阅读， 通过观点表达等活动， 进一步探究主题意义， 获得对人与自然环境、 科学技术的新认识。在 Project 板块， 你将和同学一起开展合作学习、 探究学习， 完成一项综合性、 实践性活动。Assessment 板块以列表的形式提供自评、 互评等多种评价方式， 促使你及时反思并调整学习行为， 提升学习能力， 使学习更有成效。在 Further study 板块， 你可以根据自身的学习情况来选择教材推荐的资源在课后进行自主学习、 拓展学习， 继续体验英语学习的快乐。 祝你在这段英语学习之旅中， 带着
6、梦想， 快乐而自信地前行！普通高中教科书英语 编写组2020 年 12 月UnitWelcome to the unitReadingGrammar and usageIntegrated skills1 Nature in the balance (p. 1)(p. 1) A songThe Amazon rainforest: a natural treasure (p. 2) A documentary scriptEllipsis (p. 6)Calling for the protection of animals (p. 8) 2 Natural disasters (p. 15)
7、(p. 15) A videoPupils lives spared during Falmont earthquake (p. 16) Girl saves 100 from tsunami (p. 17) Two news reportsTip: Learning words used as different parts of speech (p. 19)To-infinitives as attributives and adverbials of result (p. 20)Continuing a story about a flood (p. 22)Tips: Listening
8、 for keywords (p. 22) Asking for clarification (p. 24) 3 The world online(p. 29)(p. 29)A web pageThe Internet: a world without frontiers (p. 30) An articleVerb-ing forms as attributives, adverbials and object complements(p. 34)Reporting on Internet use (p. 36) Tips: Listening for years (p.36) Viewin
9、g charts (p.37) 4 Scientists who changed the world(p. 43)(p. 43)A videoChinese scientist wins 2015 Nobel Prize (p. 44) A news reportVerb-ed forms as attributives, adverbials and object complements(p. 48)Making a plan for the school Science Festival(p. 50) Tips: Taking notes (p. 50) Continuing a disc
10、ussion (p. 52)Appendices: Text notes (p. 81) Grammar notes (p. 98) Nature and scienceCONTENTSExtended readingProjectAssessmentFurther studyWorkbook News that Matters: pollution in Norgate (p. 11) A TV show transcriptMaking a booklet on environmental problems (p. 13)Tip: Interacting with others (p. 1
11、3)(p. 14)(p. 14)Exploring language (p. 57)Building skills (p.59)Appreciating language (p.62)The Last Days of Pompeii (p. 25) An excerpt from a novelMaking an information folder about rescue methods (p. 27)(p. 28)(p. 28)Exploring language (p. 63)Building skills (p.65)Appreciating language (p.68)Smart
12、phone: a smart choice? (p. 39) A blog postHolding a debate about bringing mobile phones to school (p. 41)(p. 42)(p. 42)Exploring language (p. 69)Building skills (p.71)Appreciating language (p.74)The Value of Science (p. 53) A lecture transcriptMaking a fact file about a scientist (p. 55)(p. 56)(p. 5
13、6)Exploring language (p. 75)Building skills (p.77)Appreciating language (p.80)Wordlists (p. 102) Irregular verbs (p. 120) The human race has done much harm.We have polluted our soils and seas,And cut down too many trees.Now is the time to sound the alarm.We want to live in a world thats clean;We wan
14、t to live in a world of green.The human race has done much harm;Now is the time to sound the alarm.Lets be thankful for the skies above;Lets plant new trees and stop pollution;Lets work together to find the solution;The Earths our home to protect and love.We want to live in a world thats clean;We wa
15、nt to live in a world of green.Lets be thankful for the skies above;The Earths our home to protect and love.Nature in the balance1UNIT 1Nature in the balanceLet us not, however, flatter ourselves overmuch on account of our human victories over nature. For each such victory nature takes its revenge o
16、n us. Friedrich EngelsIn this unit, you are going to: readadocumentaryscriptaboutarainforest; writeanarticlefortheschoolnewspapercallingforthe protection of animals; readaTVshowtranscriptaboutapollutedcity; makeabooklet on environmental problems.1 What is the message of the song? 2 What can you do t
17、o help protect the environment?Welcome to the unit The Earth is our only home. Listen to the song below and discuss the following questions in pairs. 2Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals. This is the Amazon rainforest. As the largest rainforest in the world, i
18、t plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earths ecosystem.The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rai
19、nforest is more than half the size of China. The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in lengthroughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. They give
20、this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found here. The world we live in is full of natural wonders. The documentary script below describes the Amazon rainforest, which is home to a wide range of wildlife. Before you read the script, think about
21、the following questions: Whatplantsoranimalsdoyouknowabout?Whatisspecialaboutthem? Whatdoyouthinkthisscriptisaboutjudgingfromthetitleandpictures?Reading510Unit 13Of the 390,000 plant species known to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts
22、 that we can eat; these water lilies are big enough to lie down on. The forests different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. The next level is made up of sho
23、rter plants with large leaves. Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of
24、 mammals hide among the jungles plant life. This jaguar is one example. It has a yellowish-brown coat with black spots. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forests food chain. They feed on at least 87 species, including frogs. These frogs, in turn, f
25、eed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earths oxygen. Thus, it is often
26、 known as the “lungs of the planet”. Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals: us. Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to h
27、uman activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”?1520253035Nature in the balanceUnit 14A3 In pairs
28、, discuss the following questions.1 What makes the Amazon rainforest a natural treasure according to the script?2 What is your answer to the question at the end of the script? Support your opinion with information from the script or other sources.3 Are there any places in China with rich biodiversit
29、y like the Amazon rainforest? What are they? Introduce one to the class.A2 Read the documentary script again carefully and fill in the blanks with the figures.A Understanding the textA1 Read the documentary script and write the main idea of each paragraph. around (2)_km2 of forestover (7)_ofallthe E
30、arths oxygen producedmore than (5)_bird speciesabout (3)_kminlengthabout (8)_oftherainforestlost over the past 50 yearsmore than (4)_plantspecies(1)_countriesandone overseas regionover (6)_speciesof mammalsPara. 1: Introduction to the Amazon rainforestPara. 2: Basic information about the rainforestP
31、ara. 3:_Para. 4:_Para. 5:_AMAZONNature in the balance5B Building your languageB1 The passage below is from a website about the Amazon rainforest. Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below.The Amazon rainforest is home to a great (1)_ofplantlife;however,its
32、 soil is surprisingly poor in nutrients. In fact, the soil in the region cannot support (2)_formorethanafewyears.Ifascientistisshownareportlistingthe nutrients of that soil, he or she will probably think that only desert plants can (3)_init!Thenwhyisthesoilsopoorinnutrients?Foronething,the rainy sea
33、son has a(n) (4)_onthesoil.Intherainyseason,thewater level can rise to more than 12 metres. When the water goes away, it takes away the nutrients in the soil. For another thing, (5)_theAmazonshot climate, it is difficult for the soil to build up enough nutrients. Dead plants and animals (6)_morequic
34、kly.Thenutrientsaresoontakeninbythe roots of the plants deep (7)_theground.Asaresult,mostofthe forests nutrients are locked up in the plants themselves, (8)_allowing them to grow at an unbelievable speed.PrefixesWordsun-unbelievabledis-disappearin-/im-/il-/ir-irreplaceablenon-non-smokingB3 The docum
35、entary script compares the size of the Amazon rainforest with that of China, and the length of the Amazon River with that of the Yangtze River. Find these comparisons in the script and think of similar comparisons for the figures below. Learn this While the reader may find a large figure too abstrac
36、t to understand, making comparisons with familiar places or objects will help them gain a better understanding. Here are some expressions used to make comparisons:the same size/length as . as large/long as .more than/larger than/longer than . twice/three times as large/long as .1 It was reported tha
37、t in 2011, about 34 million people lived in the Amazon. (population of Canada: 37 million; population of Shanghai: 24 million)2 From 2001 to 2012, about 177,000 square kilometres of the Amazon rainforest were lost. (size of New Zealand: 268,000 km2; size of Jiangsu: 107,200 km2)B2 The documentary sc
38、ript uses some words with negative prefixes. Note the following prefixes and think of more words formed with them. Then fill in the table below with as many words as you can.agriculture impact thus due tovariety survive beneath break downUnit 16Grammar and usageEllipsisA Exploring the rulesJack and
39、Henry are talking about a documentary on environmental protection. Pay attention to the underlined sentences and write down the words that have been left out in the brackets below. The first one has been done for you. Wesometimesuseellipsistoavoid(1)_ (stressing/repeating) one or more words when the
40、 meaning is clear. Wecanuseellipsis: in short responses; in infinitives; after some conjunctions like if, when and while; in clauses with the same pattern and the same verb; at the beginning of a sentence in (2)_ (informal/formal) speech. Grammar notes page 98Jack:Hi,Henry!Didyouwatchthedocumentarya
41、boutenvironmentalprotectiononTVyesterday?Henry: (1) No, I didnt. Jack:Whatapity!Ihighlyrecommendit.(2) You can watch it online if you want to. Its about some of the worst environmental problems were facing today. Global warming, for example, is a major problem caused by greenhouse gases. It may lead
42、 to extreme weather events: droughts, heatwaves and so on. (3)Ifeltworriedwhenwatchingthedocumentary.Henry: Does it also talk about solutions to these problems? Jack: Yes. It includes interviews with more than 20 of the worlds leading experts on environmental issues. All of them come up with creativ
43、e ideas on how to solve these problems. (4) Some call for the application of modern technology, and others a change of lifestyle.Henry: I wish we could also do something to help. (5) Got any ideas?Jack: What about making a brochure about environmental problems?Henry: (6) Soundsgreat! Lets get starte
44、d after lunch.1 No, I didnt (watch the documentary about environmental protection on TV yesterday).2 You can watch it online if you want to ( ).3 I felt worried when ( ) watching the documentary.4 Some call for the application of modern technology, and others ( ) a change of lifestyle.5 ( ) Got any
45、ideas?6 ( ) Sounds great!Working out the rulesNature in the balance7B2 Jack is sharing with his classmates his experience of taking part in a forest clean-up activity. Use ellipsis where necessary. Put brackets around the word(s) that can be left out.Last weekend, I took part in a forest clean-up ac
46、tivity. It was organized by GreenHope, an organization devoted to protecting forests. At first I didnt want to take part in the forest clean-up activity, but then I thought, “What if nobody goes?” Our team leader, Joe, took us to a forest outside the city. I was sad to see litter everywhere. There w
47、as a “No littering is allowed here” sign at the entrance to the forest, but that didnt stop people from throwing their rubbish on the ground. Joe divided us into two groups: one group cleaned up the north side of the forest, and the other group cleaned up the south side of the forest. We worked for
48、several hours and we were happy to see that the forest looked cleaner than it had looked before. Itwasabsolutelyworthoureffort!Therellbeanotherclean-upactivityinthegreenbelt next Saturday. You can find Joe and sign up if youre willing to help. Everyone who takes part in the activity will receive a m
49、edal. Ill join you too if I have time.B3 In pairs, describe the pictures below using ellipsis to call for the protection of the environment. Use the example to help you. You can also draw a picture and think of a slogan.B Applying the rulesB1 Find the mistakes and rewrite the sentences using ellipsi
50、s.1 I cannot watch the documentary this weekend, though I would like._2 Cows live on land, and fish the water. _3 The Amazon rainforest is smaller now than was 50 years ago._4 He had planned to borrow a book on environmental protection, but he didnt do. _5 When taking photos of wildlife, every effor
